in the expression "by myself" (A.V., 1Co 4:4), means, as rendered in the Revised Version, "against myself."

In the Authorized Version of is generally used for the agent and by for the instrument. Thus Mt 1:22 'that it might be fulfilled which was spoken of (RV 'by') the Lord by (RV 'through') the prophet.'

In 1Co 4:4 'I know nothing by myself,' by means contrary to, against, as in Hamilton's Catechism, 1559 (the Tabil), 'Jugis quhilk fur lufe of rewardis dols ony thing by the ordour of justice'; also fol. vii., 'curslt ar thai quhilk gaogis by ye commondis of God.'