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Reference: Shamgar

Hastings

SHAMGAR smote 600 Philistines with an ox-goad (Jg 3:31). There is no mention of his judging Israel, or of the duration of his influence. The exploit belongs to the latest redaction of the book; Jg 4:1 continues the story of Jg 3:30. Nothing is known of any Philistine dominion at so early a period, and in some Gr. MSS the verse follows Jg 16:31. His exploit resembles that of Shammah in 2Sa 23:11 (cf. 2Sa 21:16-22), and may have been attached to him as an expansion of the reference in the song of Deborah (Jg 5:6). There, however, he appears to be a foreign oppressor, and the connexion of the two passages is obscure, the song having to do with Canaanite oppression in the North. The name is foreign, Hittite or Assyrian. He is the 'son of Anath.' Anati occurs in the Tell el-Amarna tablets, and Anatu is an Assyrian goddess, traces of whose worship are found in Egypt, Ph

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