Reference: Guard
Easton
(1.) Heb tabbah (properly a "cook," and in a secondary sense "executioner," because this office fell to the lot of the cook in Eastern countries), the bodyguard of the kings of Egypt (Ge 37:36) and Babylon (2Ki 25:8; Jer 40:1; Da 2:14).
(2.) Heb rats, properly a "courier," one whose office was to run before the king's chariot (2Sa 15:1; 1Ki 1:5). The couriers were also military guards (1Sa 22:17; 2Ki 10:25). They were probably the same who under David were called Pelethites (1Ki 14:27; 2Sa 15:1).
(3.) Heb mishmereth, one who watches (Ne 4:22), or a watch-station (Ne 7:3; 12:9; Job 7:12).
In the New Testament (Mr 6:27) the Authorized Version renders the Greek spekulator by "executioner," earlier English versions by "hangman," the Revised Version by "soldier of his guard." The word properly means a "pikeman" or "halberdier," of whom the bodyguard of kings and princes was composed. In Mt 27:65-66; 28:11, the Authorized Version renders the Greek kustodia by "watch," and the Revised Version by "guard," the Roman guard, which consisted of four soldiers, who were relieved every three hours (Ac 12:4). The "captain of the guard" mentioned Ac 28:16 was the commander of the Praetorian troops, whose duty it was to receive and take charge of all prisoners from the provinces.
See Verses Found in Dictionary
And the Medanites have sold him unto Egypt, to Potiphar, a eunuch of Pharaoh, head of the executioners.
And the king saith to runners, those standing by him, 'Turn round, and put to death the priests of Jehovah, because their hand also is with David, and because they have known that he is fleeing, and have not uncovered mine ear;' and the servants of the king have not been willing to put forth their hand to come against the priests of Jehovah.
And it cometh to pass afterwards, that Absalom prepareth for himself a chariot, and horses, and fifty men are running before him;
And king Rehoboam maketh in their stead shields of brass, and hath made them a charge on the hand of the heads of the runners, those keeping the opening of the house of the king,
And in the fifth month, on the seventh of the month (it is the nineteenth year of king Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon), hath Nebuzaradan chief of the executioners, servant of the king of Babylon, come to Jerusalem,
Also, at that time I said to the people, 'Let each with his servant lodge in the midst of Jerusalem, and they have been to us by night a guard, and by day for the work:'
and I say to them, 'Let not the gates of Jerusalem be opened till the heat of the sun, and while they are standing by let them shut the doors, and fasten, and appoint guards of the inhabitants of Jerusalem, each in his guard, and each over-against his house.'
A sea -monster am I, or a dragon, That thou settest over me a guard?
The word that hath been unto Jeremiah from Jehovah, after Nebuzar-Adan, chief of the executioners, hath sent him from Ramah, in his taking him -- and he a prisoner in chains -- in the midst of all the removal of Jerusalem and of Judah, who are removed to Babylon.
Then Daniel hath replied with counsel and discretion to Arioch chief of the executioners of the king, who hath gone forth to slay the wise men of Babylon.
And Pilate said to them, 'Ye have a watch, go away, make secure -- as ye have known;' and they, having gone, did make the sepulchre secure, having sealed the stone, together with the watch.
And while they are going on, lo, certain of the watch having come to the city, told to the chief priests all the things that happened,
and immediately the king having sent a guardsman, did command his head to be brought,
whom also having seized, he did put in prison, having delivered him to four quaternions of soldiers to guard him, intending after the passover to bring him forth to the people.
And when we came to Rome, the centurion delivered up the prisoners to the captain of the barrack, but Paul was suffered to remain by himself, with the soldier guarding him.
Fausets
tabbach. The king's executioner, literally, cook (Ge 37:36, margrin; 2Ki 25:8; Da 2:14). Rats ("the runner") who carried dispatches (2Ch 30:6), and also acted as military guard to the Jewish kings (2Sa 15:1). Mishmereth ("watchmen") (Ne 4:9,22).
See Verses Found in Dictionary
And the Medanites have sold him unto Egypt, to Potiphar, a eunuch of Pharaoh, head of the executioners.
And it cometh to pass afterwards, that Absalom prepareth for himself a chariot, and horses, and fifty men are running before him;
And in the fifth month, on the seventh of the month (it is the nineteenth year of king Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon), hath Nebuzaradan chief of the executioners, servant of the king of Babylon, come to Jerusalem,
And the runners go with letters from the hand of the king and his heads, into all Israel and Judah, even according to the command of the king, saying, 'O sons of Israel, turn back unto Jehovah, God of Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, and He doth turn back unto the escaped part that is left of you from the hand of the kings of Asshur;
And we pray unto our God, and appoint a watch against them, by day and by night, because of them.
Also, at that time I said to the people, 'Let each with his servant lodge in the midst of Jerusalem, and they have been to us by night a guard, and by day for the work:'
Then Daniel hath replied with counsel and discretion to Arioch chief of the executioners of the king, who hath gone forth to slay the wise men of Babylon.
Morish
1. mishmaath, from 'obedience,' a body-guard. 2Sa 23:23; 1Ch 11:25.
2. mishmar, a place where watch was kept. Ne 4:22-23; Eze 38:7.
3. ruts, 'to run,' runners, state couriers, who published edicts in the provinces, some of which would always be with the king. 1Ki 14:27-28; 2Ki 10:25; 11:4-19; 2Ch 12:10-11.
4. tabbach, slaughterer, executioner, attached to the body-guard of the king Ge 37:36; Da 2:14. This Hebrew word occurs in every other passage where the word 'guard' occurs.
See Verses Found in Dictionary
And the Medanites have sold him unto Egypt, to Potiphar, a eunuch of Pharaoh, head of the executioners.
Of the thirty he is honoured, and unto the three he came not; and David setteth him over his guard.
And king Rehoboam maketh in their stead shields of brass, and hath made them a charge on the hand of the heads of the runners, those keeping the opening of the house of the king, and it cometh to pass, from the going in of the king to the house of Jehovah, the runners bear them, and have brought them back unto the chamber of the runners.
Also, at that time I said to the people, 'Let each with his servant lodge in the midst of Jerusalem, and they have been to us by night a guard, and by day for the work:' and there are none -- I and my brethren and my servants, the men of the guard who are after me -- there are none of us putting off our garments, each hath his vessel of water.
Be prepared, yea, prepare for thee, Thou and all thine assemblies who are assembled unto thee, And thou hast been to them for a guard.
Then Daniel hath replied with counsel and discretion to Arioch chief of the executioners of the king, who hath gone forth to slay the wise men of Babylon.