Reference: Procurator
Fausets
governor; Greek heegemoon in New Testament, more strictly epitropos. Used of Pontius Pilate, Felix, and Festus (Matthew 27; Acts 23; 24; Ac 26:30). (See PONTIUS PILATE.) Legates governed the imperial provinces, with term of office subject to the emperor's will. They had six lictors, the military dress and sword (Dion Cass. 53:13). Procurators administered for the emperor's treasury (fiscus) the revenues. In smaller provinces as Judaea, attached to larger as Syria, the procurator had the judicial junctions as "president," subordinate to the chief president over Syria.
Caesarea was the head quarters of the procurator of Judaea (Ac 23:23), where he had his judgment seat (Ac 25:6) in the audience chamber (Ac 25:23), assisted by a council (Ac 25:12) whom he cousulted in difficult cases. He had a bodyguard of soldiers (Mt 27:27). He visited Jerusalem at the great feasts, when riots were frequent, and resided in Herod's palace, where was the proetorium ("judgment hall," Joh 19:9; "common hall," Mt 27:27; Ac 23:35).
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Hastings
Originally a procurator was a steward of private property, who had charge of the slaves and his master's financial affairs. His importance depended on that of his master. Thus the Emperor's stewards were persons of consequence, and were sometimes trusted with the government of some less important Imperial provinces as well as with the Emperor's financial affairs in all provinces. They were of equestrian rank, like Theophilus, to whom the Third Gospel and Acts are addressed. The following were at different times procurators of Jud
Morish
The Roman title given to the chief ruler of a district. Judaea was governed by a procurator, ??????, who held his authority directly from the emperor, and was invested with powers of life and death. Roman citizens, however, were privileged to appeal from his authority to the emperor. The procurators were to some extent responsible to the Presidents of Syria. Those mentioned in the N.T. are Pontius Pilate, Felix, and Festus. In the A.V. they are called 'governors.'
Smith
Procurator.
The Greek agemon, rendered "governor" in the Authorized Version, is applied in the New Testament to the officer who presided over the imperial province of Judea. It is used of Pontius Pilate,
... of Felix, Acts 23, 24, and of Festus.
It is explained under PROCONSUL that after the battle of Actium, B.C. 27, the provinces of the Roman empire were divided by Augustus into two portions, giving some to the senate and reserving to himself the rest. The imperial provinces were administered by legali. No quaestor came into the emperor's provinces, but the property and revenues of the imperial treasury were administered by procuratores. Sometimes a province was governed by a procurator with the functions of a legatus. This was especially the case with the smaller provinces an the outlying districts of a larger province; and such is the relation in which Judea stood to Syria. The headquarters of the procurator were at Caesarea,
See Proconsul
where he had a judgment seat,
in the audience chamber,
and was assisted by a council
whom he consulted in cases of difficulty. He was attended by a cohort as body-guard,
and apparently went up to Jerusalem at the time of the high festivals, and there resided at the palace of Herod, in which was the praetorium or "judgment hall."
comp. Acts 23:35