Reference: Salem
American
Peace
1. An ancient name of Jerusalem, Ge 14:18; Heb 7:1,3, afterwards applied to it poetically, Ps 76:2.
2. A city of the Shechemites, east of Sychar, Ge 33:18.
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Easton
peace, commonly supposed to be another name of Jerusalem (Ge 14:18; Ps 76:2; Heb 7:1-2).
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Fausets
("peace".) The oldest name, Jehus the next, Jerusalem ("seeing", or "the foundation of peace") the latest, of Jerusalem. The cities of the plain were probably S. of the Dead Sea; so Salem is Jerusalem, and "the king's dale" the valley of the Kedron. The theory of their being N. of the Dead Sea is what necessitates its upholders to seek Salem far north of Jerusalem (Ge 14:17-18). But no king of Salem distinct from Jerusalem is mentioned among the kings conquered by Joshua. Moreover, Adonizedek ("lord of righteousness") king of Jerusalem (Jos 10:3) was plainly successor of Melchizedek ("king of righteousness"), it was the common title of the Jebusite kings. Further, "the king's dale" (2Sa 18:18), identified in Ge 14:17 with Shaveh, is placed by Josephus and by tradition (the targum of Onkelos) near Jerusalem (Heb 7:1-2). Lastly, Psalm 76 identifies Salem with Jerusalem.
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Hastings
1. A place mentioned only in Ge 14:16 as the kingdom of the mysterious Melchizedek (wh. see). It is natural to identify it with Jerusalem (wh. see), especially since the Tell el-Amarna tablets show that Urusal
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Morish
Sa'lem
1. Symbolical name given to Jerusalem. Ps 76:2.
2. Probably the title of Melchisedec as king of peace, Ge 14:18; Heb 7:1-2. Various cities, however, have been suggested. Some consider that Jerusalem is alluded to; Jerome was convinced that a town near Scythopolis, named Salem, was the true place; but others judge it to be a title.
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Smith
Sa'lem
(peace).
1. The place of which Melchizedek was king.
No satisfactory identification of it is perhaps possible. Two main opinions have been current from the earliest ages of interpretation: (1). That of the Jewish commentators, who affirm that Salem is Jerusalem, on the ground that Jerusalem is so called in
Nearly all Jewish commentators hold this opinion. (2). Jerome, however, states that the Salem of Melchizedek was not Jerusalem, but a town eight Roman miles south of Scythopolis, and gives its then name as Salumias, and identifies it with Salem, where John baptized. 2.
it is agreed on all hands that Salem is here employed for Jerusalem.