2-Kings 21:3 Themes and Topics

Then the men of the city said unto Joash, "Bring out thy son that he may die, because he hath broken the altar of Baal, and cut down the grove that was about it." Verse Concepts

And he reared an altar to Baal in the house of Baal which he had made in Samaria. And Ahab made a grove, and proceeded further in angering the LORD God of Israel, than all the kings of Israel that were before him.

And he went and built the hill altars again, which Hezekiah his father had destroyed. And he reared up altars to Baal and made groves, as did Ahab king of Israel. And he bowed himself unto all the host of heaven and served them. Verse Concepts

Two and forty years old was he when he began to reign, and reigned one year in Jerusalem. His mother's name was Athaliah the daughter of Omri. And he walked also in the ways of the house of Ahab, for his mother was his counselor for to do evil. Wherefore he did that displeased the LORD like to the house of Ahab, for they were his counselors after the death of his father, to his destruction.

For wicked Athaliah and her children had broken the house of God, and had thereto bestowed all the dedicated gifts of the house of the LORD, about Baals. Verse Concepts

but walked in the ways of the kings of Israel, and made thereto Baals of metal. Verse Concepts

For he went to and built again the hill altars which Hezekiah his father had broken down. And he reared up altars unto Baals and made groves and bowed himself unto all the host of heaven and served them. Verse Concepts

But they left the commandments of the LORD their God and made them Images of metal, even two calves: and made groves and bowed themselves unto all the Host of heaven, and served Baal. Verse Concepts

And thereto he put down Maacah his mother from bearing rule, because she had made an idol in a grove. And Asa destroyed her idol and burnt it by the brook Kidron. Verse Concepts

But now send and gather to me all Israel unto mount Carmel; and the Prophets of Baal, four hundred and fifty; and the Prophets of the groves; four hundred, which eat of Jezebel's table. Verse Concepts

And so the children of Israel did wickedly in the sight of the LORD and forgot the LORD their God and served Baalim and Asheroth. Verse Concepts

And the LORD shall smite Israel, as a reed that groweth in the water is shaken, and will weed Israel out of this good land which he gave to their fathers, and will scatter them beyond Euphrates, because they have made them groves to anger the LORD. Verse Concepts

For they also made them hill altars and images and groves on every high hill and under every green tree. Verse Concepts

Nevertheless they departed not from the sin of the house of Jeroboam which made Israel sin, but walked therein. And there remained a grove also in Samaria still: Verse Concepts

And they made them images and groves on every high hill and under every green tree. Verse Concepts

And he went and built the hill altars again, which Hezekiah his father had destroyed. And he reared up altars to Baal and made groves, as did Ahab king of Israel. And he bowed himself unto all the host of heaven and served them. And he built altars in the very house of the LORD, of which the LORD had said, "In Jerusalem I will put my name." And he built altars unto all the host of heaven, even in two courts of the house of the LORD. read more.
And he offered his son in fire, and observed dismal days; and used witchcraft and maintained workers with spirits, and tellers of fortunes - and wrought much wickedness in the sight of the LORD to anger him. And he put an image of a grove that he had made, even in the very temple of which the LORD had said to David and to Solomon his son, "In this house and in Jerusalem which I have chosen out of all tribes of Israel, will I put my name forever.

And so they left the house of the LORD God of their fathers, and served groves and Images. And then came there wrath upon Judah and Jerusalem, for this their trespasses' sake. Verse Concepts

And he went and built the hill altars again, which Hezekiah his father had destroyed. And he reared up altars to Baal and made groves, as did Ahab king of Israel. And he bowed himself unto all the host of heaven and served them. Verse Concepts

For he went to and built again the hill altars which Hezekiah his father had broken down. And he reared up altars unto Baals and made groves and bowed himself unto all the host of heaven and served them. Verse Concepts

And he went and built the hill altars again, which Hezekiah his father had destroyed. And he reared up altars to Baal and made groves, as did Ahab king of Israel. And he bowed himself unto all the host of heaven and served them. Verse Concepts

For he went to and built again the hill altars which Hezekiah his father had broken down. And he reared up altars unto Baals and made groves and bowed himself unto all the host of heaven and served them. Verse Concepts

But they left the commandments of the LORD their God and made them Images of metal, even two calves: and made groves and bowed themselves unto all the Host of heaven, and served Baal. Verse Concepts

and laid against the Sun, the Moon and all the heavenly host: whom they loved, whom they served, whom they ran after, whom they sought and worshipped. They shall neither be gathered together nor buried, but shall lie upon the earth, to their shame and despising. Verse Concepts

Then God turned himself, and gave them up, that they should worship the stars of the sky, as it is written in the book of the prophets, 'O ye of the house of Israel: gave ye to me sacrifices and meat offerings by the space of forty years in the wilderness? Verse Concepts

Yea, and lest thou lift up thine eyes unto heaven, and when thou seest the sun and the moon and the stars and whatsoever is contained in heaven, shouldest be deceived and shouldest bow thyself unto them and serve the things which the LORD thy God hath distributed unto all nations that are under all quarters of heaven. Verse Concepts

And he built altars unto all the host of heaven, even in two courts of the house of the LORD. Verse Concepts

And he made altars unto all the host of heaven in the two courts of the house of the LORD. Verse Concepts

Did I ever greatly regard the rising of the sun? Or, had I the going down of the moon in great reputation? Hath my heart meddled privily with any deceit? Or, did I ever kiss mine own hand? That were a wickedness worth to be punished, for then should I have denied the God that is above.

Seest thou not what they do in the cities of Judah, and without Jerusalem? The children gather sticks, the fathers kindle the fire, the mothers knead the dough, to make cakes for the queen of heaven. They pour out drink offerings unto strange gods, to provoke me unto wrath. Howbeit, they hurt not me," sayeth the LORD, "but rather confound, and shame themselves." read more.
And therefore thus sayeth the LORD God, "Behold, my wrath and my indignation shall be poured out upon this place, upon men and cattle, upon the trees in the field and all fruit of the land, and it shall burn so, that no man may quench it."

Manasseh was twelve years old when he began to reign, and reigned fifty and five years in Jerusalem: his mother's name was Hephzibah. And he did that displeased the LORD, even after the abominations of the Heathen, which the LORD cast out before the children of Israel. And he went and built the hill altars again, which Hezekiah his father had destroyed. And he reared up altars to Baal and made groves, as did Ahab king of Israel. And he bowed himself unto all the host of heaven and served them. read more.
And he built altars in the very house of the LORD, of which the LORD had said, "In Jerusalem I will put my name." And he built altars unto all the host of heaven, even in two courts of the house of the LORD. And he offered his son in fire, and observed dismal days; and used witchcraft and maintained workers with spirits, and tellers of fortunes - and wrought much wickedness in the sight of the LORD to anger him. And he put an image of a grove that he had made, even in the very temple of which the LORD had said to David and to Solomon his son, "In this house and in Jerusalem which I have chosen out of all tribes of Israel, will I put my name forever. Neither will I make the feet of Israel move any more out of the land which I gave their fathers: so that they will be diligent to do all I have commanded them, and all the law that my servant Moses commanded them." But they hearkened not: for Manasseh had led them out of the way, to do more wickedness than did the heathen people which the LORD destroyed from before the children of Israel. And the LORD spake by his servants the Prophets, saying, "Because Manasseh king of Judah hath done such abominations - and hath wrought wickedly above all that the Amorites which were before him did; and hath made Judah sin also with his Idols - Therefore thus sayeth the LORD God of Israel: Behold, I will bring such evil upon Jerusalem and Judah, that the ears of all that hear it shall tingle at it. And I will stretch over Jerusalem the squaring line of Samaria and the plummet of the house of Ahab. And I will wipe out Jerusalem, as a man would wipe a dish, and when he hath wiped it, turneth it upside down. And though I leave a remnant of mine inheritance, yet I will deliver them into the hands of them that hate them, and they shall be robbed and spoiled of all their enemies: even because they have done wickedly and have angered me, since the time their fathers came out of Egypt unto this day." And thereto Manasseh shed innocent blood exceeding abundantly, in so much that he replenished Jerusalem in all corners, beside his sin wherewith he made Judah sin and to do evil in the sight of the LORD. The rest of the acts of Manasseh and all he did and his sin that he sinned, are written in the book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Judah. And Manasseh laid him to sleep with his fathers, and was buried in the garden of his own house, even in the garden of Uzza: and Amon his son reigned in his stead.

Manasseh was twelve years old when he was made king, and reigned fifty five years in Jerusalem. And he did wickedly in the sight of the LORD, like unto the abominations of the heathen which the LORD cast out before the children of Israel. For he went to and built again the hill altars which Hezekiah his father had broken down. And he reared up altars unto Baals and made groves and bowed himself unto all the host of heaven and served them. read more.
And he built altars in the house of the LORD: of which the LORD hath said, "In Jerusalem shall my name be forever." And he made altars unto all the host of heaven in the two courts of the house of the LORD. And he burnt his children in fire in the valley of the sons of Hinnom. And he observed dismal days and occupied witchcraft and sorcery, and maintained workers with spirits and seers of fortunes: and wrought much evil in the sight of the LORD, to anger him withal. And he put the carved Image of an Idol which he had made, in the house of God - Of which house, God said to David and to Solomon his son, "In this house here in Jerusalem which I have chosen out of all the tribes, I will put my name forever, and no more bring the seat of Israel from the land which I have ordained for your fathers; if so be, they shall be diligent to do all I have commanded by Moses in all the law ordinances and manners." But Manasseh made Judah and the inhabiters of Jerusalem to err and to do worse than the heathen which the LORD destroyed before the children of Israel. And when the LORD spake to Manasseh and to his people, they attended not to him. Wherefore the LORD brought upon them the Captains of the host of the king of Assyria, which took Manasseh in a hold and bound him with chains and carried him to Babylon. And when he was in tribulation he besought the LORD his God, and humbled himself exceedingly before the God of his fathers, and made intercession to him: and he was entreated of him and heard his prayer and brought him again to Jerusalem into his kingdom. And then Manasseh knew how that the LORD was very God. After that, he built a wall without the city of David on the west side of Gihon in the brook and so forth to the fish gate and round about Ophel, and brought it up of a very great height, and put captains of war in all the strong cities of Judah. And he took away the strange gods and the Idol out of the house of God, and all the altars that he had built in the mount of the house of God and in Jerusalem, and cast them out of the city. And he made an altar unto the LORD and sacrificed thereon peace offerings and thank offerings, and charged Judah to serve the LORD God of Israel. Nevertheless, the people did offer still in the hill altars; howbeit unto the LORD their God only. The rest of the acts of Manasseh and his prayer unto his God, and the words of the seers of visions that spake to him in the name of the LORD God of Israel, are written among the deeds of the Kings of Israel. And his prayer and how he was heard, and all his sin and trespass, and the places where he made hill altars and set up groves and carved Images before he was meekened, are written among the deeds of the seers of visions. And when Manasseh was laid to rest with his fathers, they buried him in his own house: and Amon his son reigned in his room.

Manasseh was twelve years old when he began to reign, and reigned fifty and five years in Jerusalem: his mother's name was Hephzibah. And he did that displeased the LORD, even after the abominations of the Heathen, which the LORD cast out before the children of Israel. And he went and built the hill altars again, which Hezekiah his father had destroyed. And he reared up altars to Baal and made groves, as did Ahab king of Israel. And he bowed himself unto all the host of heaven and served them. read more.
And he built altars in the very house of the LORD, of which the LORD had said, "In Jerusalem I will put my name." And he built altars unto all the host of heaven, even in two courts of the house of the LORD. And he offered his son in fire, and observed dismal days; and used witchcraft and maintained workers with spirits, and tellers of fortunes - and wrought much wickedness in the sight of the LORD to anger him. And he put an image of a grove that he had made, even in the very temple of which the LORD had said to David and to Solomon his son, "In this house and in Jerusalem which I have chosen out of all tribes of Israel, will I put my name forever. Neither will I make the feet of Israel move any more out of the land which I gave their fathers: so that they will be diligent to do all I have commanded them, and all the law that my servant Moses commanded them." But they hearkened not: for Manasseh had led them out of the way, to do more wickedness than did the heathen people which the LORD destroyed from before the children of Israel. And the LORD spake by his servants the Prophets, saying, "Because Manasseh king of Judah hath done such abominations - and hath wrought wickedly above all that the Amorites which were before him did; and hath made Judah sin also with his Idols - Therefore thus sayeth the LORD God of Israel: Behold, I will bring such evil upon Jerusalem and Judah, that the ears of all that hear it shall tingle at it. And I will stretch over Jerusalem the squaring line of Samaria and the plummet of the house of Ahab. And I will wipe out Jerusalem, as a man would wipe a dish, and when he hath wiped it, turneth it upside down. And though I leave a remnant of mine inheritance, yet I will deliver them into the hands of them that hate them, and they shall be robbed and spoiled of all their enemies: even because they have done wickedly and have angered me, since the time their fathers came out of Egypt unto this day." And thereto Manasseh shed innocent blood exceeding abundantly, in so much that he replenished Jerusalem in all corners, beside his sin wherewith he made Judah sin and to do evil in the sight of the LORD. The rest of the acts of Manasseh and all he did and his sin that he sinned, are written in the book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Judah. And Manasseh laid him to sleep with his fathers, and was buried in the garden of his own house, even in the garden of Uzza: and Amon his son reigned in his stead.

Manasseh was twelve years old when he was made king, and reigned fifty five years in Jerusalem. And he did wickedly in the sight of the LORD, like unto the abominations of the heathen which the LORD cast out before the children of Israel. For he went to and built again the hill altars which Hezekiah his father had broken down. And he reared up altars unto Baals and made groves and bowed himself unto all the host of heaven and served them. read more.
And he built altars in the house of the LORD: of which the LORD hath said, "In Jerusalem shall my name be forever." And he made altars unto all the host of heaven in the two courts of the house of the LORD. And he burnt his children in fire in the valley of the sons of Hinnom. And he observed dismal days and occupied witchcraft and sorcery, and maintained workers with spirits and seers of fortunes: and wrought much evil in the sight of the LORD, to anger him withal. And he put the carved Image of an Idol which he had made, in the house of God - Of which house, God said to David and to Solomon his son, "In this house here in Jerusalem which I have chosen out of all the tribes, I will put my name forever, and no more bring the seat of Israel from the land which I have ordained for your fathers; if so be, they shall be diligent to do all I have commanded by Moses in all the law ordinances and manners." But Manasseh made Judah and the inhabiters of Jerusalem to err and to do worse than the heathen which the LORD destroyed before the children of Israel. And when the LORD spake to Manasseh and to his people, they attended not to him. Wherefore the LORD brought upon them the Captains of the host of the king of Assyria, which took Manasseh in a hold and bound him with chains and carried him to Babylon. And when he was in tribulation he besought the LORD his God, and humbled himself exceedingly before the God of his fathers, and made intercession to him: and he was entreated of him and heard his prayer and brought him again to Jerusalem into his kingdom. And then Manasseh knew how that the LORD was very God. After that, he built a wall without the city of David on the west side of Gihon in the brook and so forth to the fish gate and round about Ophel, and brought it up of a very great height, and put captains of war in all the strong cities of Judah. And he took away the strange gods and the Idol out of the house of God, and all the altars that he had built in the mount of the house of God and in Jerusalem, and cast them out of the city. And he made an altar unto the LORD and sacrificed thereon peace offerings and thank offerings, and charged Judah to serve the LORD God of Israel. Nevertheless, the people did offer still in the hill altars; howbeit unto the LORD their God only. The rest of the acts of Manasseh and his prayer unto his God, and the words of the seers of visions that spake to him in the name of the LORD God of Israel, are written among the deeds of the Kings of Israel. And his prayer and how he was heard, and all his sin and trespass, and the places where he made hill altars and set up groves and carved Images before he was meekened, are written among the deeds of the seers of visions. And when Manasseh was laid to rest with his fathers, they buried him in his own house: and Amon his son reigned in his room.

Manasseh was twelve years old when he began to reign, and reigned fifty and five years in Jerusalem: his mother's name was Hephzibah. And he did that displeased the LORD, even after the abominations of the Heathen, which the LORD cast out before the children of Israel. And he went and built the hill altars again, which Hezekiah his father had destroyed. And he reared up altars to Baal and made groves, as did Ahab king of Israel. And he bowed himself unto all the host of heaven and served them. read more.
And he built altars in the very house of the LORD, of which the LORD had said, "In Jerusalem I will put my name." And he built altars unto all the host of heaven, even in two courts of the house of the LORD. And he offered his son in fire, and observed dismal days; and used witchcraft and maintained workers with spirits, and tellers of fortunes - and wrought much wickedness in the sight of the LORD to anger him. And he put an image of a grove that he had made, even in the very temple of which the LORD had said to David and to Solomon his son, "In this house and in Jerusalem which I have chosen out of all tribes of Israel, will I put my name forever. Neither will I make the feet of Israel move any more out of the land which I gave their fathers: so that they will be diligent to do all I have commanded them, and all the law that my servant Moses commanded them." But they hearkened not: for Manasseh had led them out of the way, to do more wickedness than did the heathen people which the LORD destroyed from before the children of Israel. And the LORD spake by his servants the Prophets, saying, "Because Manasseh king of Judah hath done such abominations - and hath wrought wickedly above all that the Amorites which were before him did; and hath made Judah sin also with his Idols - Therefore thus sayeth the LORD God of Israel: Behold, I will bring such evil upon Jerusalem and Judah, that the ears of all that hear it shall tingle at it. And I will stretch over Jerusalem the squaring line of Samaria and the plummet of the house of Ahab. And I will wipe out Jerusalem, as a man would wipe a dish, and when he hath wiped it, turneth it upside down. And though I leave a remnant of mine inheritance, yet I will deliver them into the hands of them that hate them, and they shall be robbed and spoiled of all their enemies: even because they have done wickedly and have angered me, since the time their fathers came out of Egypt unto this day." And thereto Manasseh shed innocent blood exceeding abundantly, in so much that he replenished Jerusalem in all corners, beside his sin wherewith he made Judah sin and to do evil in the sight of the LORD. The rest of the acts of Manasseh and all he did and his sin that he sinned, are written in the book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Judah. And Manasseh laid him to sleep with his fathers, and was buried in the garden of his own house, even in the garden of Uzza: and Amon his son reigned in his stead.

Manasseh was twelve years old when he began to reign, and reigned fifty and five years in Jerusalem: his mother's name was Hephzibah. And he did that displeased the LORD, even after the abominations of the Heathen, which the LORD cast out before the children of Israel. And he went and built the hill altars again, which Hezekiah his father had destroyed. And he reared up altars to Baal and made groves, as did Ahab king of Israel. And he bowed himself unto all the host of heaven and served them. read more.
And he built altars in the very house of the LORD, of which the LORD had said, "In Jerusalem I will put my name." And he built altars unto all the host of heaven, even in two courts of the house of the LORD. And he offered his son in fire, and observed dismal days; and used witchcraft and maintained workers with spirits, and tellers of fortunes - and wrought much wickedness in the sight of the LORD to anger him. And he put an image of a grove that he had made, even in the very temple of which the LORD had said to David and to Solomon his son, "In this house and in Jerusalem which I have chosen out of all tribes of Israel, will I put my name forever. Neither will I make the feet of Israel move any more out of the land which I gave their fathers: so that they will be diligent to do all I have commanded them, and all the law that my servant Moses commanded them." But they hearkened not: for Manasseh had led them out of the way, to do more wickedness than did the heathen people which the LORD destroyed from before the children of Israel. And the LORD spake by his servants the Prophets, saying, "Because Manasseh king of Judah hath done such abominations - and hath wrought wickedly above all that the Amorites which were before him did; and hath made Judah sin also with his Idols - Therefore thus sayeth the LORD God of Israel: Behold, I will bring such evil upon Jerusalem and Judah, that the ears of all that hear it shall tingle at it. And I will stretch over Jerusalem the squaring line of Samaria and the plummet of the house of Ahab. And I will wipe out Jerusalem, as a man would wipe a dish, and when he hath wiped it, turneth it upside down. And though I leave a remnant of mine inheritance, yet I will deliver them into the hands of them that hate them, and they shall be robbed and spoiled of all their enemies: even because they have done wickedly and have angered me, since the time their fathers came out of Egypt unto this day." And thereto Manasseh shed innocent blood exceeding abundantly, in so much that he replenished Jerusalem in all corners, beside his sin wherewith he made Judah sin and to do evil in the sight of the LORD. The rest of the acts of Manasseh and all he did and his sin that he sinned, are written in the book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Judah.

And he did wickedly in the sight of the LORD, like unto the abominations of the heathen which the LORD cast out before the children of Israel. For he went to and built again the hill altars which Hezekiah his father had broken down. And he reared up altars unto Baals and made groves and bowed himself unto all the host of heaven and served them. And he built altars in the house of the LORD: of which the LORD hath said, "In Jerusalem shall my name be forever." read more.
And he made altars unto all the host of heaven in the two courts of the house of the LORD. And he burnt his children in fire in the valley of the sons of Hinnom. And he observed dismal days and occupied witchcraft and sorcery, and maintained workers with spirits and seers of fortunes: and wrought much evil in the sight of the LORD, to anger him withal. And he put the carved Image of an Idol which he had made, in the house of God - Of which house, God said to David and to Solomon his son, "In this house here in Jerusalem which I have chosen out of all the tribes, I will put my name forever,

For the houses of Jerusalem, and the houses of the kings of Judah are defiled, like as Tophet, because of all the houses; in whose parlors they did sacrifice unto all the host of heaven, and poured out drink offerings unto strange gods.'" Verse Concepts

And he went and built the hill altars again, which Hezekiah his father had destroyed. And he reared up altars to Baal and made groves, as did Ahab king of Israel. And he bowed himself unto all the host of heaven and served them. Verse Concepts

But they left the commandments of the LORD their God and made them Images of metal, even two calves: and made groves and bowed themselves unto all the Host of heaven, and served Baal. Verse Concepts

Yet have ye set up tabernacles to your Moloch, and images of your Idols, yea and the star of your god Rempha: figures which ye made to worship them. Verse Concepts

And he put down the Chemarims which the kings of Judah had set to burn offerings in the hill altars in the cities of Judah round about Jerusalem and also them that burnt sacrifices unto Baal, to the sun and to the moon and to the planets, and to all the host of heaven. Verse Concepts

yea, and such as upon their house-tops worship and bow themselves unto the host of heaven: which swear by the LORD, and by their Milcom also: Verse Concepts

Then God turned himself, and gave them up, that they should worship the stars of the sky, as it is written in the book of the prophets, 'O ye of the house of Israel: gave ye to me sacrifices and meat offerings by the space of forty years in the wilderness? And ye took unto you the tabernacle of Moloch, and the star of your god Rephan, figures which ye made to worship them. And I will translate you beyond Babylon.'

And so he brought me into the inward court of the LORD's house. And behold, at the port of the LORD's house, betwixt the fore entry and the altar, there were five and twenty men that turned their backs on the temple of the LORD, and their faces toward the east, and these worshiped the sun. Verse Concepts

For the houses of Jerusalem, and the houses of the kings of Judah are defiled, like as Tophet, because of all the houses; in whose parlors they did sacrifice unto all the host of heaven, and poured out drink offerings unto strange gods.'" Verse Concepts

And he went and built the hill altars again, which Hezekiah his father had destroyed. And he reared up altars to Baal and made groves, as did Ahab king of Israel. And he bowed himself unto all the host of heaven and served them. Verse Concepts

But they left the commandments of the LORD their God and made them Images of metal, even two calves: and made groves and bowed themselves unto all the Host of heaven, and served Baal. Verse Concepts

and laid against the Sun, the Moon and all the heavenly host: whom they loved, whom they served, whom they ran after, whom they sought and worshipped. They shall neither be gathered together nor buried, but shall lie upon the earth, to their shame and despising. Verse Concepts

Yea, and lest thou lift up thine eyes unto heaven, and when thou seest the sun and the moon and the stars and whatsoever is contained in heaven, shouldest be deceived and shouldest bow thyself unto them and serve the things which the LORD thy God hath distributed unto all nations that are under all quarters of heaven. Verse Concepts

But whatsoever goeth out of our own mouth, that will we do: We will do sacrifice, and offer oblations unto the Queen of heaven: like as we and our forefathers, our kings and our heads have done in the cities of Judah, and in the streets and fields of Jerusalem. For then had we plenteousness of victuals, then were we in prosperity, and no misfortune came upon us. Verse Concepts

so that they have gone and served strange gods and worshipped them, whether it be the sun or moon or anything contained in heaven which I forbade, Verse Concepts

yea, and such as upon their house-tops worship and bow themselves unto the host of heaven: which swear by the LORD, and by their Milcom also: Verse Concepts

Did I ever greatly regard the rising of the sun? Or, had I the going down of the moon in great reputation? Verse Concepts