The Existence Of Oppression In The World Makes Human Existence Miserable

1 Then I looked again at all the acts of (A)oppression which were being done under the sun. And behold I saw the tears of the oppressed and that they had (B)no one to comfort them; and on the side of their oppressors was power, but they had no one to comfort them.

1 So I returned, and considered all the oppressions that are done under the sun: and behold the tears of such as were oppressed, and they had no comforter; and on the side of their oppressors there was power; but they had no comforter.

1 Again, I observed all the acts of oppression being done under the sun.(A) Look at the tears of those who are oppressed; they have no one to comfort them. Power is with those who oppress them; they have no one to comfort them.

1 Next I turned to consider all kinds of oppression that exists on earth. Look at the tears of the oppressed there is no one to comfort them. Power is on the side of their oppressors; so they have no comforters.

1 Then I looked again and considered all the acts of oppression that were being practiced under the sun. And behold I saw the tears of the oppressed and they had no one to comfort them; and on the side of their oppressors was power, but they had no one to comfort them.

2 So (C)I congratulated the dead who are already dead more than the living who are still living.

2 Wherefore I praised the dead which are already dead more than the living which are yet alive.

2 So I admired the dead,(B) who have already died, more than the living, who are still alive.

2 So I commended the dead who had already died as being happier than the living who are still alive.

2 So I congratulated and thought more fortunate are those who are already dead than the living who are still living.

3 But (D)better off than both of them is the one who has never existed, who has never seen the evil activity that is done under the sun.

3 Yea, better is he than both they, which hath not yet been, who hath not seen the evil work that is done under the sun.

3 But better than either of them is the one who has not yet existed,(C) who has not seen the evil activity that is done under the sun.

3 Better than both of them is someone who has not yet been born, because he hasn't experienced evil on earth.

3 But better off than either of them is the one who has not yet been born, who has not seen the evil deeds that are done under the sun.

People Need Balance In Their Approach To Labor

4 I have seen that every labor and every (E)skill which is done is the result of rivalry between a man and his neighbor. This too is (a)(F)vanity and striving after wind.

4 Again, I considered all travail, and every right work, that for this a man is envied of his neighbour. This is also vanity and vexation of spirit.

4 I saw that all labor and all skillful work is due to a man’s jealousy of his friend.(D) This too is futile and a pursuit of the wind.(E)

4 Then I examined all sorts of work, including all kinds of excellent achievements that create envy in others. This also is pointless and chasing after the wind.

4 I have seen that every [effort in] labor and every skill in work comes from man’s rivalry with his neighbor. This too is vanity (futility, false pride) and chasing after the wind.

5 The fool (G)folds his hands and (H)consumes his own flesh.

5 The fool foldeth his hands together, and eateth his own flesh.

5 The fool folds his arms(F)and consumes his own flesh.(G)

5 The fool crosses his arms and starves himself.

5 The fool folds his hands [together] and consumes his own flesh [destroying himself by idleness and apathy].

6 One hand full of rest is (I)better than two fists full of labor and striving after wind.

6 Better is an handful with quietness, than both the hands full with travail and vexation of spirit.

6 Better one handful with restthan two handfuls with effort and a pursuit of the wind.(H)

6 It's better to have one handful of tranquility than to have two handfuls of trouble and to chase after the wind.

6 One hand full of rest and patience is better than two fists full of labor and chasing after the wind.

Wealth Without Someone With Which To Enjoy It Is Futile

7 Then I looked again at vanity under the sun.

7 Then I returned, and I saw vanity under the sun.

7 Again, I saw futility under the sun:

7 Then I turned to re-examine something else that is pointless on earth:

7 Then I looked again at vanity under the sun [in one of its peculiar forms].

8 There was a certain man without a (b)dependent, having neither a son nor a brother, yet there was no end to all his labor. Indeed, (J)his eyes were not satisfied with riches and he never asked, “And (K)for whom am I laboring and depriving myself of pleasure?” This too is vanity and it is a (L)grievous task.

8 There is one alone, and there is not a second; yea, he hath neither child nor brother: yet is there no end of all his labour; neither is his eye satisfied with riches; neither saith he, For whom do I labour, and bereave my soul of good? This is also vanity, yea, it is a sore travail.

8 There is a person without a companion,(a) without even a son or brother, and though there is no end to all his struggles, his eyes are still not content with riches.(I) “So who am I struggling for,” he asks, “and depriving myself from good?” This too is futile and a miserable task.

8 Consider someone who is alone, having neither son nor brother. There is no end to all of his work, and he is never satisfied with wealth. "So for whom do I work," he asks, "and deprive myself of pleasure?" This, too, is pointless and a terrible tragedy.

8 There was a certain man—without a dependent, having neither a child nor a brother, yet there was no end to all his labor. Indeed, his eyes were not satisfied with riches and he never asked, “For whom do I labor and deprive myself of pleasure?” This too is vanity (a wisp of smoke, self-conceit); yes, it is a painful effort and an unhappy task.(A)

Friends And Family Can Help One Another In Life

9 Two are better than one because they have a good return for their labor.

9 Two are better than one; because they have a good reward for their labour.

9 Two are better than one because they have a good reward for their efforts.

9 Two are better than one, because they have a good return for their labor.

9 Two are better than one because they have a more satisfying return for their labor;

10 For if (c)either of them falls, the one will lift up his companion. But woe to the one who falls when there is not (d)another to lift him up.

10 For if they fall, the one will lift up his fellow: but woe to him that is alone when he falleth; for he hath not another to help him up.

10 For if either falls, his companion can lift him up; but pity the one who falls without another to lift him up.

10 If they stumble, the first will lift up his friend but woe to anyone who is alone when he falls and there is no one to help him get up.

10 for if (a)either of them falls, the one will lift up his companion. But woe to him who is alone when he falls and does not have another to lift him up.

11 Furthermore, if two lie down together they (e)keep warm, but (M)how can one be warm alone?

11 Again, if two lie together, then they have heat: but how can one be warm alone?

11 Also, if two lie down together, they can keep warm; but how can one person alone keep warm?(J)

11 Again, if two lie close together, they will keep warm, but how can only one stay warm?

11 Again, if two lie down together, then they keep warm; but how can one be warm alone?

12 And if (f)one can overpower him who is alone, two can resist him. A cord of three strands is not quickly torn apart.

12 And if one prevail against him, two shall withstand him; and a threefold cord is not quickly broken.

12 And if someone overpowers one person, two can resist him. A cord of three strands is not easily broken.

12 If someone attacks one of them, the two of them together will resist. Furthermore, the tri-braided cord is not soon broken.

12 And though one can overpower him who is alone, two can resist him. A cord of three strands is not quickly broken.

One Must Be Willing To Listen To Counsel

13 A (N)poor yet wise lad is better than an old and foolish king who no longer knows how to receive (g)instruction.

13 Better is a poor and a wise child than an old and foolish king, who will no more be admonished.

13 Better is a poor but wise youth than an old but foolish king who no longer pays attention to warnings.(K)

13 A poor but wise youth is better than an old but foolish king who will no longer accept correction.

13 A poor yet wise youth is better than an old and foolish king who (b)no longer knows how to receive instruction and counsel (friendly reproof, warning)—

14 For he has come (O)out of prison to become king, even though he was born poor in his kingdom.

14 For out of prison he cometh to reign; whereas also he that is born in his kingdom becometh poor.

14 For he came from prison to be king,(L) even though he was born poor in his kingdom.

14 The former can come out of prison to reign, while the latter, even if born to kingship, may become poor.

14 for the poor youth has [used his wisdom and] come out of prison to become king, even though he was born poor in his kingdom.

15 I have seen all the living under the sun throng to the side of the second lad who (h)replaces him.

15 I considered all the living which walk under the sun, with the second child that shall stand up in his stead.

15 I saw all the living, who move about under the sun, follow(b) a second youth who succeeds him.

15 I observed everyone who lives and walks on earth, along with the youth who will take the king's place.

15 I have seen all the living under the sun join with the second youth (the king’s acknowledged successor) who replaces him.

16 There is no end to all the people, to all who were before them, and even the ones who will come later will not be happy with him, for this too is (P)vanity and striving after wind.

16 There is no end of all the people, even of all that have been before them: they also that come after shall not rejoice in him. Surely this also is vanity and vexation of spirit.

16 There is no limit to all the people who were before them, yet those who come later will not rejoice in him. This too is futile and a pursuit of the wind.(M)

16 There was no end to all of his subjects or to all of the people who had come before them. But those who come along afterward will not be happy with him. This is also pointless and a chasing after wind.

16 There is no end to all the people; to all who were before them. Yet those who come later will not be happy with him. Surely this also is vanity (emptiness) and chasing after the wind.

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