Romans 2:18

if you know His will and have been taught by the law of Moses to [evaluate and] give approval to what is best;

Philippians 1:10

Then you will be able to approve of [only] what is best and be sincere and without just blame on the day of Christ's [return],

Luke 12:47

And that slave who knew what his master wanted, but did not make preparations [i.e., for his master's return], or do what his master wanted, will be whipped with many lashes.

John 13:17

If you know these things, you will be happy if you practice them.

Romans 15:4

For whatever things were written previously [i.e., in the Old Testament], were intended for us to learn from, so that we could have hope [i.e., in the face of difficult times] through remaining steadfast, and through the encouragement [received] from reading the Scriptures.

1 Corinthians 8:1-2

I now want to reply to the matter of idolatrous sacrifices [which you wrote to me about]. We know that we all possess knowledge. [Note: This may be a statement posed to Paul by the Corinthians, who seemed quite preoccupied with "knowledge"]. Knowledge [only] makes people arrogant, while love builds them up [spiritually].

1 Thessalonians 5:21

Put everything [i.e., speakers and their messages] to the test, [then] hold onto what is good.

2 Timothy 3:15-17

And [remember] that, from childhood, you have known the sacred Scriptures which are able to make you wise [enough] to be saved through faith in Christ Jesus.

Hebrews 5:14

But "solid food" is for mature people, who because of using their [spiritual] senses, have become able to distinguish good from evil.

James 4:17

So, the person who knows the good [he ought] to be doing, but is not doing it, is sinning.

Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Summary

And knowest his will, and approvest the things that are more excellent, being instructed out of the law;

Approvest the things that are more excellent

Being instructed

Bible References

Knowest

Luke 12:47
And that slave who knew what his master wanted, but did not make preparations [i.e., for his master's return], or do what his master wanted, will be whipped with many lashes.
John 13:17
If you know these things, you will be happy if you practice them.
1 Corinthians 8:1
I now want to reply to the matter of idolatrous sacrifices [which you wrote to me about]. We know that we all possess knowledge. [Note: This may be a statement posed to Paul by the Corinthians, who seemed quite preoccupied with "knowledge"]. Knowledge [only] makes people arrogant, while love builds them up [spiritually].
James 4:17
So, the person who knows the good [he ought] to be doing, but is not doing it, is sinning.

Approvest the things that are more excellent

Philippians 1:10
Then you will be able to approve of [only] what is best and be sincere and without just blame on the day of Christ's [return],
Hebrews 5:14
But "solid food" is for mature people, who because of using their [spiritual] senses, have become able to distinguish good from evil.

Being instructed

Romans 15:4
For whatever things were written previously [i.e., in the Old Testament], were intended for us to learn from, so that we could have hope [i.e., in the face of difficult times] through remaining steadfast, and through the encouragement [received] from reading the Scriptures.
2 Timothy 3:15
And [remember] that, from childhood, you have known the sacred Scriptures which are able to make you wise [enough] to be saved through faith in Christ Jesus.