Reference: Jotham
American
1. The youngest son of Gideon, who escaped the massacre of his brethren by Abimelech, and afterwards boldly and prophetically denounced the Shechemites in the beautiful parable of the bramble and the other trees. He escaped to Beer, and probably lived to see his threatenings fulfilled, Jg 9. See ABIMELECH 3.
2. The son and successor of Uzziah, or Azariah, king of Judah, B. C. 758. He appears to have been for some years regent before the death of Uzziah his leprous father, but ascended the throne at the age of twenty-five years, and reigned sixteen years in the fear of God. The history of his wise and prosperous reign, and of his useful public works, is found in 2Ki 15:5,32,38; 2Ch 26:21; 27:9.
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And Yahweh smote the king, so that he became a leper, until the day of his death, and dwelt in a lazar-house, - and, Jotham, son of the king, was over the house, judging the people of the land.
In the second year of Pekah son of Remaliah king of Israel, began Jotham son of Uzziah king of Judah to reign.
And Jotham slept with his fathers, and was buried with his fathers, in the city of David his father, - and, Ahaz his son, reigned, in his stead.
Easton
Jehovah is perfect. (1.) The youngest of Gideon's seventy sons. He escaped when the rest were put to death by the order of Abimelech (Jg 9:5). When "the citizens of Shechem and the whole house of Millo" were gathered together "by the plain of the pillar" (i.e., the stone set up by Joshua, (Jos 24:26; comp. Ge 35:4) "that was in Shechem, to make Abimelech king," from one of the heights of Mount Gerizim he protested against their doing so in the earliest parable, that of the bramble-king. His words then spoken were prophetic. There came a recoil in the feelings of the people toward Abimelech, and then a terrible revenge, in which many were slain and the city of Shechem was destroyed by Abimelech (Jg 9:45). Having delivered his warning, Jotham fled to Beer from the vengeance of Abimelech (Jg 9:7-21).
(2.) The son and successor of Uzziah on the throne of Judah. As during his last years Uzziah was excluded from public life on account of his leprosy, his son, then twenty-five years of age, administered for seven years the affairs of the kingdom in his father's stead (2Ch 26:21,23-27:1). After his father's death he became sole monarch, and reigned for sixteen years (B.C. 759-743). He ruled in the fear of God, and his reign was prosperous. He was contemporary with the prophets Isaiah, Hosea, and Micah, by whose ministrations he profited. He was buried in the sepulchre of the kings, greatly lamented by the people (2Ki 15:38; 2Ch 27:7-9).
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So they gave unto Jacob all the gods of the alien which were in their hand, and the earrings which were in their ears, - and Jacob hid them under the oak, which was by Shechem.
And Joshua wrote these words in the scroll of the law of God, - and took a great stone, and set it up there, under the oak that was by the sanctuary of Yahweh.
And he entered the house of his father, at Ophrah, and slew his brethren, sons of Jerubbaal, seventy men, upon one stone, - but there remained Jotham, the youngest son of Jerubbaal, for he had hidden himself.
And, when it was told Jotham, he went and stood on the top of Mount Gerizim, and lifted up his voice, and cried aloud, - and said unto them - Hearken unto me, ye owners of Shechem, and may God, hearken unto you. The trees, went their way, to anoint over them, a king, - and they said unto the olive tree - Reign thou over us. read more. But the olive tree said unto them, Should I leave my fatness, which, in me, gods and men do honour, - and go to wave to and fro, over the trees? Then said the trees unto the fig-tree, - Come! thou reign over us. But the fig-tree said unto them, Should I leave my sweetness, and mine excellent increase, - and go to wave to and fro, over the trees? Then said the trees unto the vine, - Come! thou, reign over us. But the vine said unto them, Should I leave my new wine, that rejoiceth gods and men, - and go to wave to and fro, over the trees? Then said all the trees, unto the bramble, - Come, thou, to reign over us. And the bramble said unto the trees, If, in truth, ye are about to anoint me to be king over you, come, take refuge in my shade, - but, if not, there shall come forth fire out of the bramble, and devour the cedars of Lebanon. Now, therefore, if, in truth and sincerity, ye have acted, in making Abimelech king, - and if ye have dealt, well, with Jerubbaal and with his house, and if, according to the deserving of his hands, ye have done unto him; in that my father fought for you, and cast his soul away from before him, and rescued you out of the hand of Midian; - yet have, ye, risen up against the house of my father, to-day, and slain his sons - seventy men, upon one stone, - and made Abimelech, son of his maidservant, king over the owners of Shechem, because he is, your brother; if then, in truth and in sincerity, ye have dealt with Jerubbaal and with his house, this day, rejoice ye in Abimelech, and let, him also, rejoice in you; but, if not, let fire come out from Abimelech, and devour the owners of Shechem, and the house of Millo, - and let fire come out from the owners of Shechem, and from the house of Millo, and devour Abimelech! And Jotham hasted away, and fled, and went to Beer, - and dwelt there, away from the face of Abimelech his brother.
And, Abimelech, fought against the city, all that day, and captured the city, the people also that were therein, he slew, - and brake down the city, and sowed it with salt.
And Jotham slept with his fathers, and was buried with his fathers, in the city of David his father, - and, Ahaz his son, reigned, in his stead.
And it came to pass that, Uzziah the king, was a leper until the day of his death, and dwelt in a house apart - a leper, for he was cut off from the house of Yahweh, - and, Jotham his son, was over the house of the king, judging the people of the land.
And Uzziah slept with his fathers, and they buried him with his fathers in the field of burial that pertained unto the kings, for they said, A leper, he is. And Jotham his son reigned in his stead.
Fausets
1. Gideon's youngest son; escaped when his 69 brothers were killed at Ophrah by their half brother Abimelech. Upon the latter being made king, Jotham from Mount Gerizim, which rises 800 ft. above the valley of Shechem on the S. side of the city, uttered against him and the Shechemites the parable or fable (the oldest extant) of the bramble and the trees. (See FABLE.) The olive, fig, and vine, the most valuable products of Palestine, represent the nobler persons like Gideon, who bear fruit to God's glory and man's good, and wish no transference to kingly positions ("to float about restless and insecure", nuwah, instead of being rooted in the soil: Jg 9:9). The bramble, good for nothing but to burn, represents Abimelech who can do nothing but harm. The bramble's hollow pretentiousness appears in his invitation, "trust in my shadow!" It could only scratch, not shelter from the heat. Easily catching fire, it can set on fire the noblest trees of Lebanon; the worthless can cause fatal hurt to the noblest (Ex 22:5). Jotham fled to Beer and dwelt there, out of Abimelech's way.
2. King Jotham, son of Uzziah or Azariah and Jerushah. He was regent during Uzziah's leprosy (2Ch 26:21); at the age of 25 he succeeded him, and reigned for 16 years in Jerusalem (758-742 B.C.). A contemporary of Isaiah. He did right before the Lord; but did not remove the high places, for "the people did yet corruptly," sacrificing and burning incense still on them (2-Kings/15/type/emb'>2 Kings 15; 2 Chronicles 27), He built the higher gate of the house of Jehovah, i.e. the N. gate of the inner or upper court (see Eze 8:3,5,14,16; 9:2; 40:38-43), and built much at the wall of the Ophel (the S. slope of the temple mountain, a wall from which passed to the W. mountain, commonly called Zion), and cities on Judah's mountains, and castles in the forests to protect the herds, as Uzziah had done (2Ch 26:10). (See JERUSALEM.) He imposed on Ammon, after subduing them, a heavy tribute for three years.
3. 1Ch 2:47.
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When a man causeth a field or a vineyard to be depastured, or hath sent in his own cattle and stripped the field of another, he shall, surely make restitution, out of his own field, according to the yield thereof; or if, all the field, he depasture, with the best of his own field, or with the best of his own vineyard, shall he make restitution.
But the olive tree said unto them, Should I leave my fatness, which, in me, gods and men do honour, - and go to wave to and fro, over the trees?
And, the sons of Jahdai, Regem and Jotham and Geshan and Pelet, and Ephah and Shaaph.
And he built towers in the desert, and digged many wells, for, much cattle, had he, both in the lowland, and in the plain, - husbandmen and vinedressers, in the mountains and in the fruitful field, for, a lover of the soil, was he.
And it came to pass that, Uzziah the king, was a leper until the day of his death, and dwelt in a house apart - a leper, for he was cut off from the house of Yahweh, - and, Jotham his son, was over the house of the king, judging the people of the land.
Then put he forth the similitude of a hand, and took me by the forelock of my head, - and the Spirit lifted me up between the earth and the heavens and brought me to Jerusalem in the visions of God into the opening of the inner gate that looketh toward the north, where was the seat of the Statue of Jealousy. that provoketh to jealousy;
Then said he unto me, Son of man Lift up. I pray thee thine eyes, the way toward the north. So I lifted up mine eyes the way toward the north, and 1o! on the north by the gate of the altar, this Statue of Jealousy, in the entrance.
So he brought me into the opening of the gate of the house of Yahweh, which was toward the north, - and Lo! there, women sitting, weeping for Tammuz.
So he brought me into the inner court of the house of Yahweh, and lo! at the opening of the temple of Yahweh, between the porch and the altar, about twenty-five men, - their backs towards the temple of Yahweh and their faces eastward, and they were bowing down eastward unto the Sun.
And lo! six men coming in out of the way of the upper gate which looketh toward the north even every man with his destructive weapon in his hand, and one man in their midst clothed with linen, having a scribes ink holder by his side, - so they came in and stood beside the altar of bronze.
And there was a chamber with its entrance, within the projections at the gates, - there, shall they rinse the ascending-sacrifice, m And in the porch of the gate, were two tables on this side, and two tables, on that side, - to slay thereon the ascending-sacrifice, and the sin-bearer, and the gut-bearer. read more. And at the side without, in ascending to the entrance of the north gate, were two tables, - and at the other side which pertaineth to the porch of the gate, were two tables. Four tables on this side and four tables on that side by the side of the gate,-eight tables whereupon they shall slay. And the four tables for the ascending-offering: were of hewn stone. in length, one cubit and a half, and in breadth, one cubit and a half, and in height, one cubit, - that thereon, they may lay the instruments wherewith they shall slay the ascending-offering and the sacrifice. And there were hooks of three hand-breadth fastened within round about on every side, - and upon the tables, the flesh of the offering.
Hastings
1. A king of Judah in the time of Isaiah. His father was afflicted with leprosy, and Jotham had some sort of regency before becoming sole ruler (2Ki 15:5). We know nothing of him except that he rebuilt or ornamented one of the gates of the Temple (2Ki 15:35), and that the hostilities which later culminated in the invasion of Judah began before his death (2Ki 15:37-38).
2. A Calebite (1Ch 2:47).
H. P. Smith.
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And Yahweh smote the king, so that he became a leper, until the day of his death, and dwelt in a lazar-house, - and, Jotham, son of the king, was over the house, judging the people of the land.
Only, the high places, took they not away, still were the people offering sacrifice and burning incense in the high places, - he, built the upper gate of the house of Yahweh.
In those days, began Yahweh to send against Judah, Rezin, king of Syria, - and Pekah son of Remaliah. And Jotham slept with his fathers, and was buried with his fathers, in the city of David his father, - and, Ahaz his son, reigned, in his stead.
And, the sons of Jahdai, Regem and Jotham and Geshan and Pelet, and Ephah and Shaaph.
Morish
Jo'tham
1. Gideon's youngest son who escaped the massacre by Abimelech. He boldly declared the parable 'The Reign of the Bramble' in the hearing of the men of Shechem. Jg 9:5-21,57.
2. Son and successor of Uzziah, or Azariah, king of Judah: he reigned sixteen years: B.C. 758-742, besides ruling during the leprosy of his father. Jotham did that which was right in the sight of the Lord. He erected the high gate of the house of the Lord, and built much on Ophel; also in the mountains of Judah he built cities, castles, and towers. He conquered the Ammonites, and for three years they paid him tribute. He became mighty because he prepared his way before the Lord his God. 2Ki 15:5-38; 2Ch 27; Isa 1:1; 7:1; Ho 1:1; Mic 1:1. Called JOATHAM in Mt 1:9.
3. Son of Jahdai, a descendant of Judah. 1Ch 2:47.
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And he entered the house of his father, at Ophrah, and slew his brethren, sons of Jerubbaal, seventy men, upon one stone, - but there remained Jotham, the youngest son of Jerubbaal, for he had hidden himself. Then were gathered together all the owners of Shechem, and all the house of Millo, and they went and made Abimelech king, - by the oak of the pillar, that was in Shechem. read more. And, when it was told Jotham, he went and stood on the top of Mount Gerizim, and lifted up his voice, and cried aloud, - and said unto them - Hearken unto me, ye owners of Shechem, and may God, hearken unto you. The trees, went their way, to anoint over them, a king, - and they said unto the olive tree - Reign thou over us. But the olive tree said unto them, Should I leave my fatness, which, in me, gods and men do honour, - and go to wave to and fro, over the trees? Then said the trees unto the fig-tree, - Come! thou reign over us. But the fig-tree said unto them, Should I leave my sweetness, and mine excellent increase, - and go to wave to and fro, over the trees? Then said the trees unto the vine, - Come! thou, reign over us. But the vine said unto them, Should I leave my new wine, that rejoiceth gods and men, - and go to wave to and fro, over the trees? Then said all the trees, unto the bramble, - Come, thou, to reign over us. And the bramble said unto the trees, If, in truth, ye are about to anoint me to be king over you, come, take refuge in my shade, - but, if not, there shall come forth fire out of the bramble, and devour the cedars of Lebanon. Now, therefore, if, in truth and sincerity, ye have acted, in making Abimelech king, - and if ye have dealt, well, with Jerubbaal and with his house, and if, according to the deserving of his hands, ye have done unto him; in that my father fought for you, and cast his soul away from before him, and rescued you out of the hand of Midian; - yet have, ye, risen up against the house of my father, to-day, and slain his sons - seventy men, upon one stone, - and made Abimelech, son of his maidservant, king over the owners of Shechem, because he is, your brother; if then, in truth and in sincerity, ye have dealt with Jerubbaal and with his house, this day, rejoice ye in Abimelech, and let, him also, rejoice in you; but, if not, let fire come out from Abimelech, and devour the owners of Shechem, and the house of Millo, - and let fire come out from the owners of Shechem, and from the house of Millo, and devour Abimelech! And Jotham hasted away, and fled, and went to Beer, - and dwelt there, away from the face of Abimelech his brother.
all the wickedness also, of the men of Shechem, did God requite upon their own head, - and so brought in upon, them the curse of Jotham, son of Jerubbaal.
And Yahweh smote the king, so that he became a leper, until the day of his death, and dwelt in a lazar-house, - and, Jotham, son of the king, was over the house, judging the people of the land. Now, the rest of the story of Azariah, and all that he did, are, they, not written in the book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Judah. read more. And Azariah slept with his fathers, and they buried him with his fathers, in the city of David, - and, Jotham his son, reigned, in his stead. In the thirty-eighth year of Azariah king of Judah, began Zechariah son of Jeroboam to reign over Israel, in Samaria, and he reigned six months. And he did the thing that was wicked in the eyes of Yahweh, as did his fathers, - he turned not away from the sins of Jeroboam son of Nebat, which he caused, Israel, to commit. Then conspired against him, Shallum son of Jabesh, and smote him before the people, and slew him, - and reigned in his stead. Now, the rest of the story of Zechariah, behold it! written in the book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Israel. That, was the word of Yahweh, which he spake unto Jehu, saying, Thy sons, to four generations, shall sit on the throne of Israel. And it was so! Shallum the son of Jabesh, began to reign, in the thirty-ninth year of Uzziah, king of Judah, - for the space of a month in Samaria. Then came up Menahem son of Gadi, from Tirzah, and entered Samaria, and smote Shallum son of Jabesh in Samaria, - and slew him, and reigned in his stead. Now, the rest of the story of Shallum, and his conspiracy which he made, behold them! written in the book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Israel! Then, Menahem smote Tiphsah, and all that were therein, and the boundaries thereof, from Tirzah, because they opened not, therefore he smote them, - all the women therein that were with child, he ripped up. In the thirty-ninth year of Azariah king of Judah, began Menahem son of Gadi to reign over Israel, ten years reigned he , in Samaria. And he did the thing that was wicked in the eyes of Yahweh, - he turned not away from the sins of Jeroboam son of Nebat, which he caused, Israel, to commit, all his days. Pul the king of Assyria came against the land, so Menahem gave unto Pul, a thousand talents of silver, - that his hands might be with him, to confirm the kingdom, in his hand. And Menahem exacted the silver of Israel, of all the mighty men of wealth, to give to the king of Assyria, fifty shekels of silver, of each man, - so the king of Assyria turned back, and stayed not there, in the land. Now, the rest of the story of Menahem, and all that he did, are, they, not written in the book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Israel? And Menahem slept with his fathers, - and, Pekahiah his son, reigned in his stead. In the fiftieth year of Azariah king of Judah, began Pekahiah son of Menahem to reign over Israel, in Samaria, and he reigned two years. And he did the thing that was wicked in the eyes of Yahweh, - he turned not away from the sins of Jeroboam son of Nebat, which he caused, Israel, to commit. And there conspired against him - Pekah son of Remaliah, a hero of his, and smote him in Samaria, in the citadel of the house of a king, with Argob and with Arieh, and, with him, fifty men of the sons of the Gileadites, - and he slew him, and reigned in his stead. Now, the rest of the story of Pekahiah, and all that he did, behold them! written in the book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Israel! In the fifty-second year of Azariah king of Judah, began Pekah son of Remaliah to reign over Israel, in Samaria, and he reigned twenty years.
In the days of Pekah king of Israel, came Tiglath-pileser, king of Assyria, and took Ijon, and Abel-beth-maachah, and Janoah, and Kedesh, and Hazor, and Gilead, and Galilee, all the land of Naphtali - and carried them away captive to Assyria. And Hoshea son of Elah made a conspiracy against Pekah, son of Remaliah, and smote him, and slew him, and reigned in his stead, - in the twentieth year of Jotham, son of Uzziah. read more. Now, the rest of the story of Pekah, and all that he did, behold them! written in the book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Israel! In the second year of Pekah son of Remaliah king of Israel, began Jotham son of Uzziah king of Judah to reign. Twenty-five years old, was he, when he began to reign, and, sixteen years, reigned he, in Jerusalem, - and, the name of his mother, was Jerusha, daughter of Zadok. And he did that which was right in the eyes of Yahweh, - according to all that Uzziah his father had done. Only, the high places, took they not away, still were the people offering sacrifice and burning incense in the high places, - he, built the upper gate of the house of Yahweh. Now, the rest of the story of Jotham, what he did, is, it, not written in the book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Judah? In those days, began Yahweh to send against Judah, Rezin, king of Syria, - and Pekah son of Remaliah. And Jotham slept with his fathers, and was buried with his fathers, in the city of David his father, - and, Ahaz his son, reigned, in his stead.
And, the sons of Jahdai, Regem and Jotham and Geshan and Pelet, and Ephah and Shaaph.
The vision of Isaiah son of Amoz, which he saw, concerning Judah and Jerusalem, - in the days of Uzziah Jotham Ahaz Hezekiah - kings of Judah.
And it came to pass in the days of Ahaz son of Jotham son of Uzziah king of Judah, that Rezin king of Syria, and Pekah son of Remaliah king of Israel, came up, to Jerusalem, to war against it, but could not prevail against it.
The word of Yahweh which came unto Hosea son of Beeri, in the days of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, Hezekiah, kings of Judah, - and in the days of Jeroboam son of Joash, king of Israel.
The word of Yahweh which came unto Micah the Morashtite, in the days of Jotham, Ahaz, Hezekiah, kings of Judah, - of which he had vision concerning Samaria, and Jerusalem: -
Smith
Jo'tham
(Jehovah is upright).
1. The youngest son of Gideon,
who escaped from the massacre of his brethren. (B.C. after 1256.) His parable of the reign of the bramble is the earliest example of the kind.
2. The son of King Uzziah or Azariah and Jerushah. After administering the kingdom for some years during his father's leprosy, he succeeded to the throne B.C. 758, when he was 25 years old, and reigned 16 years in Jerusalem. He was contemporary with Pekah and with the prophet Isaiah. His history is contained in
... and 2Chr 27:1 ...
3. A descendant of Judah, son of Jahdai.
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And he entered the house of his father, at Ophrah, and slew his brethren, sons of Jerubbaal, seventy men, upon one stone, - but there remained Jotham, the youngest son of Jerubbaal, for he had hidden himself.
In the twenty-seventh year of Jeroboam king of Israel, began Azariah son of Amaziah king of Judah to reign.
And, the sons of Jahdai, Regem and Jotham and Geshan and Pelet, and Ephah and Shaaph.
twenty-five years old, was Jotham when he began to reign, and, sixteen years, reigned he in Jerusalem, - and, the name of his mother, was Jerushah, daughter of Zadok.