Reference: Laver
American
A large circular vessel, cast from the polished brass mirrors contributed by the Hebrew women, and placed between the door of the tabernacle and the altar of burnt-offering, with water for the necessary sacred ablutions, Ex 30:18-21; 28:8; 40:7; 30-32.
For the temple of Solomon, besides the vast brazen sea for the use of the priests, (see SEA,) ten lavers were made for cleansing the sacrifices, 2Ch 4:6. Each laver contained about three hundred gallons, and was supported above a highly elaborate and beautiful base, 1Ki 7:27-39. They were stationed within the court of the priests, in front of the temple, five on each side. See TEMPLE.
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And the girdle of its ephod, which is upon it, shall be according to the making of it from it; gold, cerulean purple, red purple, double scarlet, and twisted byssus.
Make a brass wash-basin, and its pedestal brass, for washing: and give it between the tent of appointment and between the altar, and give water there. And Aaron and his son washed from it their hands and their feet. read more. In their coming into the tent of appointment, they shall wash with water, and they shall not die: or in their drawing near to the altar to serve, to burn a sacrifice to Jehovah. And they shall wash their hands and their feet, and they shall not die: and it was to them a law forever, to him and to his seed and to their generations.
And set the wash-basin between the tent of appointment and between the altar, and set water there.
And he will make ten bases of brass, four by the cubit the length of the one base, and four by the cubit its breadth, and three by the cubit its height And this the work of the base: borders to them, and borders between the joinings: read more. And upon the borders which were between the joinings, lions, oxen, and cherubs: and upon the joinings thus from above: and from beneath to the lions and to the oxen, wreaths, a work of descent And four wheels of brass to the one base, and axles of brass: and its four steps, shoulders to them: from under to the wash basin the shoulders molten from beyond each of the wreaths. And its mouth from within to the crown and from above, by the cubit: and the mouth, round; the work thus a cubit and half a cubit: and also upon the mouth engravings and their borders, quadrated, not round. And four wheels beneath to the borders; and hands of the wheels in the base: and the height of the one wheel a cubit and half of the cubit And the work of the wheels as the work of a wheel of the chariot: their hands and their backs and their joinings and their gatherings all cast And four shoulders to four corners of the one base: from the base its shoulder. And in the head of the base its height, half a cubit rounded round about: and upon the head of the base its hands and its borders from out of it And he will open, upon the cheeks of its hands and upon its borders, cherubs, lions, and palm-trees, according to the nakedness of each, and wreaths round about According to this he made the ten bases, one casting, one measure, one form to all of them. And he will make ten wash-basins of brass: the one wash-basin will hold forty baths, four by the cubit the one wash-basin, the one wash-basin upon the one base to the ten bases And he will give five bases upon the shoulder of the house from the right, and five upon the shoulder of the house from its left: and he gave the sea from the shoulder of the house to the right to the east over against the south.
And he will make ten wash-basins, and give five from the right, and five from the left, to wash in them: the work of the burnt-offering they will cleanse in them; and the sea for the priests to wash in it
Easton
(Heb kiyor), a "basin" for boiling in, a "pan" for cooking (1Sa 2:14), a "fire-pan" or hearth (Zec 12:6), the sacred wash-bowl of the tabernacle and temple (30/18/type/juliasmith'>Ex 30:18,28; 31:9; 35:16; 38:8; 39:39; 40:7,11,30, etc.), a basin for the water used by the priests in their ablutions.
That which was originally used in the tabernacle was of brass (rather copper; Heb nihsheth), made from the metal mirrors the women brought out of Egypt (Ex 38:8). It contained water wherewith the priests washed their hands and feet when they entered the tabernacle (Ex 40:32). It stood in the court between the altar and the door of the tabernacle (Ex 30:19,21).
In the temple there were ten lavers used for the sacrifices, and the molten sea for the ablutions of the priests (2Ch 4:6). The position and uses of these are described 1Ki 7:23-39; 2Ch 4:6. The "molten sea" was made of copper, taken from Tibhath and Chun, cities of Hadarezer, king of Zobah (1Ch 18:8; 1Ki 7:23-26).
No lavers are mentioned in the second temple.
Illustration: Laver
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Make a brass wash-basin, and its pedestal brass, for washing: and give it between the tent of appointment and between the altar, and give water there. And Aaron and his son washed from it their hands and their feet.
And they shall wash their hands and their feet, and they shall not die: and it was to them a law forever, to him and to his seed and to their generations.
And the altar of burnt-offering and all its vessels,, and the wash-basin and its pedestal.
And the altar of burnt-offering and all its vessels, and the wash-basin and its base,
The altar of burnt-offering, and the grate of brass which is to it, its staves, and all its vessel; and the washbasin and its base;
And he will make the wash-basin of brass, and its foot of brass, in the sight of those coming who came to the door of the tent of appointment
And he will make the wash-basin of brass, and its foot of brass, in the sight of those coming who came to the door of the tent of appointment
The altar of brass, and the grate of brass which is to it, its bars and all its vessels, and the wash-basin and its foot;
And set the wash-basin between the tent of appointment and between the altar, and set water there.
And anoint the wash-basin and its foot, and consecrate it
And he will put up the washbasin between the tent of appointment and between the altar, and he will give there water to wash.
In their going into the tent of appointment, and in their drawing near to the altar, they will wash; as Jehovah commanded Moses.
And he struck into the fire-pan or into the boiler, or into the kettle, or into the pot; all which the fork will bring up the priest will take for himself. So they will do to all Israel coming there into Shiloh.
And he will make the sea molten, ten by the cubit, from its lip even to its lip, round, round about; and five by the cubit its height; and a rope thirty by the cubit will surround it round about And ornaments from beneath to its lip round about surrounding it, ten by the cubit, folding round the sea round about: two rows of ornaments being cast in its casting. read more. It stood upon twelve oxen, three looking to the north, and three looking to the sea, and three looking to the south, and three looking to the sunrising: and the sea upon them from above, and all their behinds inside: And its thickness a hand breadth, and its lip as the work of the lip of a cup the flower of the lily: it will hold two thousand baths. And he will make ten bases of brass, four by the cubit the length of the one base, and four by the cubit its breadth, and three by the cubit its height And this the work of the base: borders to them, and borders between the joinings: And upon the borders which were between the joinings, lions, oxen, and cherubs: and upon the joinings thus from above: and from beneath to the lions and to the oxen, wreaths, a work of descent And four wheels of brass to the one base, and axles of brass: and its four steps, shoulders to them: from under to the wash basin the shoulders molten from beyond each of the wreaths. And its mouth from within to the crown and from above, by the cubit: and the mouth, round; the work thus a cubit and half a cubit: and also upon the mouth engravings and their borders, quadrated, not round. And four wheels beneath to the borders; and hands of the wheels in the base: and the height of the one wheel a cubit and half of the cubit And the work of the wheels as the work of a wheel of the chariot: their hands and their backs and their joinings and their gatherings all cast And four shoulders to four corners of the one base: from the base its shoulder. And in the head of the base its height, half a cubit rounded round about: and upon the head of the base its hands and its borders from out of it And he will open, upon the cheeks of its hands and upon its borders, cherubs, lions, and palm-trees, according to the nakedness of each, and wreaths round about According to this he made the ten bases, one casting, one measure, one form to all of them. And he will make ten wash-basins of brass: the one wash-basin will hold forty baths, four by the cubit the one wash-basin, the one wash-basin upon the one base to the ten bases And he will give five bases upon the shoulder of the house from the right, and five upon the shoulder of the house from its left: and he gave the sea from the shoulder of the house to the right to the east over against the south.
And from Tibhath and from Chun, cities of Hadarezer, David took very much brass; with it Solomon made the sea of brass, and the pillars and the vessels of brass.
And he will make ten wash-basins, and give five from the right, and five from the left, to wash in them: the work of the burnt-offering they will cleanse in them; and the sea for the priests to wash in it
In that day I will set the thousands of Judah as a fire-pan of fire among the woods, and as a torch of fire in a sheaf; and they devoured upon the right and upon the left all the peoples round about: and Jerusalem shall yet dwell in her place in Jerusalem.
Fausets
It and the altar stood in the court of the tabernacle. Consisting of the laver itself and a base, both of brass. In it the priests were bound to wash their hands and feet in approaching the altar and entering the tabernacle, on pain of death. Constructed of the polished metallic looking glasses which the devout women (assembling at the door of the tabernacle of God's meeting His people) offered, renouncing the instrument of personal vanity for the sake of the higher beauties of holiness. The word of God is at once a mirror wherein to see ourselves and God's image reflected, and the means of sanctifying or cleansing (2Co 3:18; Jas 1:23-25; Eph 5:26; Ex 30:18-19; 38:8). The women made a like sacrifice of ornaments ("tablets," rather armlets) for the Lord's honour (Ex 35:22). On solemn occasions the priest had to bathe his whole person (Ex 29:4; Le 16:4). The kiyor, "laver," was probably the reservoir; the base received and held water from it, and was the place for washing.
Thus, the water was kept pure until drawn off for use. In Solomon's temple there was one great brazen "sea" for the priests to wash in, and ten lavers on bases which could be wheeled about, for washing the animal victims for burnt offering, five on the N., five on the S. sides of the priests' courts; each contained 40 "baths" (1Ki 7:27,39; 2Ch 4:5-6). Ahaz mutilated the bases; and Nebuzaradan carried away the remainder (2Ki 16:17; 25:13). No lavers are mentioned in the second or Herod's temple. Solomon's "molten sea" was made of the copper captured from Tibhath and Chun, cities of Hadarezer king of Zobah (1Ch 18:8), five cubits high, ten diameter, 30 circumference; one hand-breadth thick; containing 3,000 baths according to Chronicles, but 2,000 in Kings; 2,000 is probably correct, Chronicles reading is a transcriber's error.
It is thought that it bulged out below, but contracted at the mouth to the dimensions in 1Ki 7:23-26. A double row of gourds ("knops"), 5 + 5 or 10 in each cubit, ran below the brim. The brim or lip was wrought curving outward like a lily or lotus flower. Layard describes similar vessels at Nineveh, of smaller size. The 12 oxen represent the 12 tribes of Israel the priestly nation, which cleansed itself here in the person of its priests to appear holy before the Lord. The sacrificial animals, the oxen, represent the priestly service.
The "oxen" in 2Ch 4:3 instead of "gourds" or "knops" in Kings is a transcriber's error. The "holy water" in the trial of jealousy (Nu 5:17), and in consecrating the Levites by purifying and sprinkling, was probably from the laver (Nu 8:7); type of the true and efficacious sprinkling of Christ's blood on the conscience (Heb 9:9-10; 10:22; Tit 3:5; Eph 5:26); not to be so washed entails eternal death. The hands and feet need daily cleansing, expressing those members in general most exposed to soils; but the whole body needs but once for all "bathing" (Greek louoo), just as once for all regeneration needs not repetition, but only the removal of partial daily "stains" (Greek niptoo). Joh 13:1-10, "he that is bathed has no need save to wash (the parts soiled, namely,) his feet."
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And Aaron and his sons thou shalt bring near to the door of the tent of the appointment, and wash them in water.
Make a brass wash-basin, and its pedestal brass, for washing: and give it between the tent of appointment and between the altar, and give water there. And Aaron and his son washed from it their hands and their feet.
And they will come, the men with the women, all of a willing heart, they brought rings, and ear-rings, and seals, and globules of gold, all vessels of gold: and every man who lifted up a waving of gold to Jehovah.
And he will make the wash-basin of brass, and its foot of brass, in the sight of those coming who came to the door of the tent of appointment
The holy linen tunic shall be put on, and the linen drawers shall be upon his flesh, and with a linen girdle shall he be girded, and with a linen turban shall he be wound round: these the holy garments; and he washed his flesh in water and put them on.
And the priest took holy waters in a vessel of earthen, and from the dust which shall be upon the bottom of the dwelling, the priest shall take and he gave into the water.
And thus thou shalt do to them, to cleanse them: sprinkle upon them the water of sin, and they caused a razor to pass over upon all their flesh, and they washed their garments, and they were cleansed.
And he will make the sea molten, ten by the cubit, from its lip even to its lip, round, round about; and five by the cubit its height; and a rope thirty by the cubit will surround it round about And ornaments from beneath to its lip round about surrounding it, ten by the cubit, folding round the sea round about: two rows of ornaments being cast in its casting. read more. It stood upon twelve oxen, three looking to the north, and three looking to the sea, and three looking to the south, and three looking to the sunrising: and the sea upon them from above, and all their behinds inside: And its thickness a hand breadth, and its lip as the work of the lip of a cup the flower of the lily: it will hold two thousand baths. And he will make ten bases of brass, four by the cubit the length of the one base, and four by the cubit its breadth, and three by the cubit its height
And he will give five bases upon the shoulder of the house from the right, and five upon the shoulder of the house from its left: and he gave the sea from the shoulder of the house to the right to the east over against the south.
And king Ahaz will cut off all the enclosings of the bases, and he will remove from off them the wash-basin; and he will take down the sea from off the oxen of brass which was under it, and he will give it upon a pavement of stones.
And the pillars of brass which were in the house of Jehovah, and the bases, and the sea of brass, which were in the house of Jehovah, the Chaldees brake in pieces, and they will lift up their brass into Babel.
And from Tibhath and from Chun, cities of Hadarezer, David took very much brass; with it Solomon made the sea of brass, and the pillars and the vessels of brass.
And a likeness of oxen underneath to it round about, round about, surrounding it: ten by the cubit going round the sea, round about. Two rows of oxen being cast in its casting.
And before the feast of the pascha, Jesus knowing that his hour had come that he should pass out of this world to the Father, having loved his own in the world, he loved them to the end. And supper having been, the devil having already cast into the heart of Judas Iscariot, of Simon, that he should deliver him up; read more. Jesus knowing that the Father has given all things to him into the hands, and that he came out from God, and retired to God; He arises from supper, and lays down the garments; and having taken a linen cloth, he girded himself. Then casts he water into a washing vessel, and began to wash the feet of the disciples, and to wipe with the linen cloth with which he was girded. And he comes to Simon Peter: and he says to him, Lord, washest thou my feet? Jesus answered and said to him, What I do thou knowest not now; but thou shalt know after these. Peter says to him, Thou shouldest never wash my feet. Jesus answered him, Except I wash thee, thou hast no part with me. Simon Peter says to him, Lord, not my feet only, but the hands and head. Jesus says to him, He washed has no need but to have the feet washed, but is wholly clean: and ye are clean, but not all.
And we all, shown as in a mirror the glory of the Lord, with the face uncovered, are transformed into the same image from glory to glory, as from the Spirit of the Lord.
That he might consecrate it, having cleansed by the washing of water in the word,
That he might consecrate it, having cleansed by the washing of water in the word,
Not of works in justice which we did; but according to his mercy he saved us, by the washing of regeneration, and the renovation of the Holy Spirit;
Which a parable for the time placed in, according to which both gifts and sacrifices are brought near, not being able for consciousness to perfect him serving; Only in food and drinks, and different immersions, and precepts of the flesh, being placed till the time of amendment.
Let us approach with a true heart in complete certainty of faith, having our hearts besprinkled from an evil consciousness, and having our bodies washed with pure water.
For if any is a hearer of the word, and not a doer, he is like a man observing the face of his creation in a mirror: For he observed himself, and went away, and straightway forgot of what kind he was. read more. And he having stooped into the perfect law of liberty, and remained, he being not a forgetful hearer, but a doer of work, he shall be happy in his doing.
Hastings
Morish
This appertained to the tabernacle and the temple. It was placed between the tabernacle and the brazen altar, and the priests were required to wash their hands and their feet when they approached for any service. Ex 30:18-21. The priests were at first thoroughly washed, but that was a distinct thing from the continual cleansing of their hands and feet. Joh 13:4-14 is somewhat analogous to this, where the apostles, though declared to be clean (except Judas), needed that their feet should be washed, because of the defilements of the way, in order to have part with Christ when He went to the Father. In the tabernacle it was hands as well as feet that were to be washed, because there it was service, as well as the sphere of their walk. Ex 40:7,11,30.
The laver for the tabernacle was made of the brazen mirrors given by the women. Ex 38:8; its shape and size are not specified. The laver for the temple was circular, being ten cubits in diameter, and (in round numbers) thirty in circumference, and five cubits in height. 1Ki 7:26 states that it "contained 2000 baths," which probably refers to the quantity of water that was usually put into it; for 2Ch 4:5 says "it received and held 3000 baths," which may signify its full capacity. The above dimensions do not seem to agree with this capacity; but the definite shape of the laver is not given, it may have bulged out considerably in the middle.
The laver for the temple is called 'a molten sea,' and 'a brazen sea,' and was supported on twelve oxen. It was used for the same purpose as the laver of the tabernacle; but in the temple there were also ten smaller lavers at which the sacrifices were washed. 1Ki 7:23-43; 2Ki 16:17; 2Ch 4:6,14.
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Make a brass wash-basin, and its pedestal brass, for washing: and give it between the tent of appointment and between the altar, and give water there. And Aaron and his son washed from it their hands and their feet. read more. In their coming into the tent of appointment, they shall wash with water, and they shall not die: or in their drawing near to the altar to serve, to burn a sacrifice to Jehovah. And they shall wash their hands and their feet, and they shall not die: and it was to them a law forever, to him and to his seed and to their generations.
And he will make the wash-basin of brass, and its foot of brass, in the sight of those coming who came to the door of the tent of appointment
And set the wash-basin between the tent of appointment and between the altar, and set water there.
And anoint the wash-basin and its foot, and consecrate it
And he will put up the washbasin between the tent of appointment and between the altar, and he will give there water to wash.
And he will make the sea molten, ten by the cubit, from its lip even to its lip, round, round about; and five by the cubit its height; and a rope thirty by the cubit will surround it round about And ornaments from beneath to its lip round about surrounding it, ten by the cubit, folding round the sea round about: two rows of ornaments being cast in its casting. read more. It stood upon twelve oxen, three looking to the north, and three looking to the sea, and three looking to the south, and three looking to the sunrising: and the sea upon them from above, and all their behinds inside: And its thickness a hand breadth, and its lip as the work of the lip of a cup the flower of the lily: it will hold two thousand baths.
And its thickness a hand breadth, and its lip as the work of the lip of a cup the flower of the lily: it will hold two thousand baths. And he will make ten bases of brass, four by the cubit the length of the one base, and four by the cubit its breadth, and three by the cubit its height read more. And this the work of the base: borders to them, and borders between the joinings: And upon the borders which were between the joinings, lions, oxen, and cherubs: and upon the joinings thus from above: and from beneath to the lions and to the oxen, wreaths, a work of descent And four wheels of brass to the one base, and axles of brass: and its four steps, shoulders to them: from under to the wash basin the shoulders molten from beyond each of the wreaths. And its mouth from within to the crown and from above, by the cubit: and the mouth, round; the work thus a cubit and half a cubit: and also upon the mouth engravings and their borders, quadrated, not round. And four wheels beneath to the borders; and hands of the wheels in the base: and the height of the one wheel a cubit and half of the cubit And the work of the wheels as the work of a wheel of the chariot: their hands and their backs and their joinings and their gatherings all cast And four shoulders to four corners of the one base: from the base its shoulder. And in the head of the base its height, half a cubit rounded round about: and upon the head of the base its hands and its borders from out of it And he will open, upon the cheeks of its hands and upon its borders, cherubs, lions, and palm-trees, according to the nakedness of each, and wreaths round about According to this he made the ten bases, one casting, one measure, one form to all of them. And he will make ten wash-basins of brass: the one wash-basin will hold forty baths, four by the cubit the one wash-basin, the one wash-basin upon the one base to the ten bases And he will give five bases upon the shoulder of the house from the right, and five upon the shoulder of the house from its left: and he gave the sea from the shoulder of the house to the right to the east over against the south. And Hiram will make the washbasins and the shovels and the vases: and Hiram will finish doing all the work which he made for king Solomon in the house of Jehovah. The two pillars and the globes of the crowns which were upon the head of the two pillars and the two nets to cover the two globes of the crowns which were upon the head of the pillars; And four hundred pomegranates to the two nets, two rows of pomegranates to the one net, to cover the two globes of the crowns which were upon the face of the pillars; And the ten ases and the ten wash-basins upon the bases;
And its thickness a hand breadth, and its lip according to the work of the lip of a cup, a lily flower holding; it will contain three thousand baths.
He arises from supper, and lays down the garments; and having taken a linen cloth, he girded himself. Then casts he water into a washing vessel, and began to wash the feet of the disciples, and to wipe with the linen cloth with which he was girded. read more. And he comes to Simon Peter: and he says to him, Lord, washest thou my feet? Jesus answered and said to him, What I do thou knowest not now; but thou shalt know after these. Peter says to him, Thou shouldest never wash my feet. Jesus answered him, Except I wash thee, thou hast no part with me. Simon Peter says to him, Lord, not my feet only, but the hands and head. Jesus says to him, He washed has no need but to have the feet washed, but is wholly clean: and ye are clean, but not all. For he knew him delivering him up, therefore he said, Ye are not all clean. When therefore he washed their feet; and took his garments, going to recline again, he said to them, Knew ye what I have done to you? Ye call one Teacher and Lord: and ye say well; for I am. If therefore, I washed your feet, the Lord and Teacher; ye also ought to wash the feet of one another:
Smith
Laver.
1. In the tabernacle, a vessel of brass containing water for the priests to wash their hands and feet before offering sacrifice. It stood in the fore offering sacrifice. It stood in the court between the altar and the door of the tabernacle.
It rested on a basis, i.e. a foot, which, was well as the laver itself, was made from the mirrors of the women who assembled at the door of the tabernacle court.
The form of the laver is not specified, but may be assumed to have been circular. Like the other vessels belonging to the tabernacle, it was, together with its "foot," consecrated with oil.
2. In Solomon's temple, besides the great molten sea, there were ten lavers of brass, raised on bases,
five on the north and five on the south side of the court of the priests. They were used for washing the animals to be offered in burnt offerings.
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And Aaron and his son washed from it their hands and their feet.
And they shall wash their hands and their feet, and they shall not die: and it was to them a law forever, to him and to his seed and to their generations.
And he will make the wash-basin of brass, and its foot of brass, in the sight of those coming who came to the door of the tent of appointment
And Moses will take the oil of anointing, and will anoint the dwelling and all which is in it, and he will consecrate them. And he will sprinkle from it upon the altar seven times, and anoint the altar and all its vessels, and the wash-basin, and its foot, to consecrate them.
And he will make ten bases of brass, four by the cubit the length of the one base, and four by the cubit its breadth, and three by the cubit its height
And he will give five bases upon the shoulder of the house from the right, and five upon the shoulder of the house from its left: and he gave the sea from the shoulder of the house to the right to the east over against the south.
And he will make ten wash-basins, and give five from the right, and five from the left, to wash in them: the work of the burnt-offering they will cleanse in them; and the sea for the priests to wash in it
Watsons
LAVER. Between the altar and the tabernacle, a little to the south, stood a circular laver, which, together with its base, was made of the brazen ornaments which the women had presented for the use of the tabernacle, and was thence called ???? ????, Ex 30:18; 40:7. The priests, when about to perform their duties, washed their hands in this laver.
See Verses Found in Dictionary
Make a brass wash-basin, and its pedestal brass, for washing: and give it between the tent of appointment and between the altar, and give water there.
And set the wash-basin between the tent of appointment and between the altar, and set water there.