Reference: Engraver
Easton
Heb harash (Ex 35:35; 38:23) means properly an artificer in wood, stone, or metal. The chief business of the engraver was cutting names or devices on rings and seals and signets (Ex 28:11,21,36; Ge 38:18).
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And he said - What is the pledge that I shall give thee? And She said - Thy signet-ring, and thy guard, and thy staff that is in thy hand. So he gave them to her and came in unto her and she conceived by him.
with the work of a stone engraver, like seal-ring engravings, shalt thou engrave the two stones, after the names of the sons of Israel, - to be encircled with settings of gold, shalt thou make them.
And the stones shall be after the names of the sons of Israel - twelve, after their names, - as the engravings of a seal-ring everyone after his name, shall they be, for the twelve tribes,
And thou shalt make a burnished plate, of pure gold, - and shalt engrave thereupon, like the engravings of a seal-ring, Holiness to Yahweh.
hath filled them with wisdom of heart to work all manner of workmanship of cutter, and deviser and embroiderer, in blue and in purple, in crimson and in fine linen and of the weaver, - workers of any manner of workmanship, and devisers of skilful designs.
And, with him, was Oholiab, son of Ahisamach, of the tribe of Dan, an artificer and skilful weaver, - and an embroiderer - in blue, and in purple and in crimson and in fine linen.
Fausets
In Ex 35:35 rather "artificer" in wood, stone, or metal; so Ex 10:28;Ex 10:23," artificer" in weaving, etc. Bezaleel's workmanship was in gold, silver, brass, stone, wood (Ex 31:4-5), Aboliab's in embroidery and weaving. Strict engraving of stones is mentioned in Ex 28:9-21 in the case of the two onyx stones having six each of the 12 tribes' names, on the high priest's shoulders, and the 12 breast-plate stones with the 12 tribes' names engraven. Seal engraving the Israelites learned in Egypt; it existed in Mesopotamia from about 2000 B.C.
The "ouches" of gold are the setting wreathed-like filagree round the stones, which were oval like the Egyptian kartouches containing hieroglyphic names. In Zec 3:9 "one stone ... I will engrave the graying (literally open the opening) thereof," i.e. I (God) will prepare for Him (Messiah) an exquisitely wrought body, a suitable temple for the Godhead (Joh 2:21). lie is the "stone cut out of the mountain without hands" (Da 2:45). Paul (Heb 10:5) explains Ps 40:6," Mine ears hast Thou opened" (graven) by "a body hast Thou prepared Me."
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they saw not one another neither rose any man from his couch for three days, - but all the sons of Israel, had light in their dwellings.
So Pharaoh said to him - Get thee from me, - take heed to thyself - do not any more! see my face, for in the day thou dost see my face, thou shalt die.
And thou shalt take two onyx stones, - and engrave upon them the names of the sons of Israel: six of their names, on the one stone, - and the names of the six that remain, on the second stone according to their births: read more. with the work of a stone engraver, like seal-ring engravings, shalt thou engrave the two stones, after the names of the sons of Israel, - to be encircled with settings of gold, shalt thou make them. And thou shalt put the two stones upon the shoulderpieces of the ephod, as stones of memorial for the sons of Israel, - so shall Aaron bear their names before Yahweh upon his two shoulders, for a memorial. And thou shalt make ouches of gold; and two chains of pure gold, like cord, shalt thou make them, of wreathen work, and thou shalt put the wreathen chains on the ouches. And thou shalt make a breastpiece for giving sentence the work of a skilful weaver, like the work of the ephod, shalt thou make it, of gold, blue, and purple and crimson and fine-twined linen, shalt thou make it. Four-square, shall it be double, - a span the length thereof and a span the breadth thereof. And thou shalt set therein a setting of stones, four rows of stones, - one row - a sardius, a topaz and an emerald, the first row; and the second row a carbuncle a sapphire and a diamond; and the third row an opal, an agate, and an amethyst; and the fourth row, a Tarshish stone, a sardonyx, and a jasper, - enclosed with gold, shall they be when they are set. And the stones shall be after the names of the sons of Israel - twelve, after their names, - as the engravings of a seal-ring everyone after his name, shall they be, for the twelve tribes,
to devise skilful designs, to work in gold and in silver, and in bronze; and in the cutting of stones for setting, and in the carving of wood, - to work in all manner of workmanship,
hath filled them with wisdom of heart to work all manner of workmanship of cutter, and deviser and embroiderer, in blue and in purple, in crimson and in fine linen and of the weaver, - workers of any manner of workmanship, and devisers of skilful designs.
Sacrifice and meal-offering, thou didst not delight in, Ears, didst thou pierce for me, - Ascending-sacrifice and sin-bearer, thou didst not ask:
Forasmuch as thou sawest that, out of the rock, a stone tare itself away, but not with hands, and brake in pieces the clay, the iron, the bronze, the silver and the gold, the mighty God, hath made known to the king what shall come to pass hereafter. Exact then is the dream, and trusty its interpretation.
For lo! the stone which I have set before Joshua, Upon one stone, are Seven (pairs of) Eyes, - Behold me! cutting the engraving thereof, declareth Yahweh of hosts. So will I take away the iniquity of that land in one day.
But, he, was speaking concerning the shrine of his body.
Wherefore, coming into the world, he saith: Sacrifice and offering, thou willedst not, but, a body, hast thou fitted for me, -
Smith
Engraver.
His chief business was cutting names or devices on rings and seals; the only notices of engraving are in connection with the high priest's dress --the two onyx stones, the twelve jewels and the mitre-plate having inscriptions on them.
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with the work of a stone engraver, like seal-ring engravings, shalt thou engrave the two stones, after the names of the sons of Israel, - to be encircled with settings of gold, shalt thou make them.
And the stones shall be after the names of the sons of Israel - twelve, after their names, - as the engravings of a seal-ring everyone after his name, shall they be, for the twelve tribes,