Reference: Gold
American
A well-known valuable metal, found in many parts of the world, and obtained anciently in Ophir, Job 28:16; Parvaim, 2Ch 3:6; Sheba, and Raamah, Eze 27:22. Job alludes to gold in various forms, Job 22:24; 28:15-19. Abraham was rich in it, and female ornaments were early made of it, Ge 13:2; 24:22,35. It is spoken of throughout Scripture; and the use of it among and ancient Hebrews, in its native and mixed state, and for the same purposes as at present, was very common. The Ark of the Covenant was overlaid with pure gold; the mercy seat, the vessels and utensils belonging to the tabernacle, and those also of the house of the Lord, as well as the drinking-vessels of Solomon, were of gold.
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And Abram was very rich in cattle, in silver, and in gold.
And it came to pass as the camels had done drinking, that the man took a golden ear-ring of half a shekel weight, and two bracelets for her hands of ten shekels weight of gold;
And the LORD hath blessed my master greatly, and he is become great: and he hath given him flocks, and herds, and silver, and gold, and men-servants, and maid-servants, and camels, and asses.
And he garnished the house with precious stones for beauty: and the gold was gold of Parvaim.
Then shalt thou lay up gold as dust, and the gold of Ophir as the stones of the brooks.
It cannot be obtained for gold, neither shall silver be weighed for the price of it. It cannot be valued with the gold of Ophir, with the precious onyx, or the sapphire.
It cannot be valued with the gold of Ophir, with the precious onyx, or the sapphire. The gold and the crystal cannot equal it: and the exchange of it shall not be for jewels of fine gold. read more. No mention shall be made of coral, or of pearls: for the price of wisdom is above rubies. The topaz of Cush shall not equal it, neither shall it be valued with pure gold.
The merchants of Sheba and Raamah, they were thy merchants: they occupied in thy fairs with chief of all spices, and with all precious stones, and gold.
Easton
(1.) Heb zahab, so called from its yellow colour (Ex 25:11; 1Ch 28:18; 2Ch 3:5).
(2.) Heb segor, from its compactness, or as being enclosed or treasured up; thus precious or "fine gold" (1Ki 6:20; 7:49).
(3.) Heb paz, native or pure gold (Job 28:17; Ps 19:10; 21:3, etc.).
(4.) Heb betzer, "ore of gold or silver" as dug out of the mine (Job 36:19, where it means simply riches).
(5.) Heb kethem, i.e., something concealed or separated (Job 28:16,19; Ps 45:9; Pr 25:12). Rendered "golden wedge" in Isa 13:12.
(6.) Heb haruts, i.e., dug out; poetic for gold (Pr 8:10; 16:16; Zec 9:3).
Gold was known from the earliest times (Ge 2:11). It was principally used for ornaments (Ge 24:22). It was very abundant (1Ch 22:14; Na 2:9; Da 3:1). Many tons of it were used in connection with the temple (2Ch 1:15). It was found in Arabia, Sheba, and Ophir (1Ki 9:28-10:1; Job 28:16), but not in Palestine.
In Da 2:38, the Babylonian Empire is spoken of as a "head of gold" because of its great riches; and Babylon was called by Isaiah (Isa 14:4) the "golden city" (R.V. marg., "exactress," adopting the reading marhebah, instead of the usual word madhebah).
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The name of the first is Pison, which compasseth the whole land of Havilah, where there is gold;
And it came to pass as the camels had done drinking, that the man took a golden ear-ring of half a shekel weight, and two bracelets for her hands of ten shekels weight of gold;
And thou shalt overlay it with pure gold, within and without shalt thou overlay it, and shalt make upon it a crown of gold around it.
And the oracle in the forepart was twenty cubits in length, and twenty cubits in breadth, and twenty cubits in the hight of it, and he overlaid it with pure gold; and so covered the altar which was of cedar.
And the candlesticks of pure gold, five on the right side, and five on the left, before the oracle, with the flowers, and the lamps, and the tongs of gold,
Now behold, in my trouble I have prepared for the house of the LORD a hundred thousand talents of gold, and a thousand thousand talents of silver; and of brass and iron without weight; for it is in abundance: timber also and stone have I prepared; and thou mayest add to them.
And the king made silver and gold at Jerusalem as plenteous as stones, and cedar trees made he as the sycamore trees that are in the vale for abundance.
It cannot be valued with the gold of Ophir, with the precious onyx, or the sapphire.
It cannot be valued with the gold of Ophir, with the precious onyx, or the sapphire. The gold and the crystal cannot equal it: and the exchange of it shall not be for jewels of fine gold.
The topaz of Cush shall not equal it, neither shall it be valued with pure gold.
Will he esteem thy riches? no, not gold, nor all the forces of strength.
More to be desired are they than gold, yes, than much fine gold: sweeter also than honey and the honey-comb.
For thou hast met him with the blessings of goodness: thou hast set a crown of pure gold on his head.
Kings daughters were among thy honorable women: upon thy right hand stood the queen in gold of Ophir.
Receive my instruction, and not silver; and knowledge rather than choice gold.
How much better is it to get wisdom than gold? and to get understanding rather to be chosen than silver?
As an ear-ring of gold, and an ornament of fine gold, so is a wise reprover upon an obedient ear.
I will make a man more precious than fine gold; even a man than the golden wedge of Ophir.
That thou shalt take up this proverb against the king of Babylon, and say, How hath the oppressor ceased! the golden city ceased!
And wherever the children of men dwell, the beasts of the field and the fowls of the heaven hath he given into thy hand, and hath made thee ruler over them all. Thou art this head of gold.
Nebuchadnezzar the king made an image of gold, whose hight was sixty cubits, and the breadth of it six cubits: he set it up in the plain of Dura, in the province of Babylon.
Take ye the spoil of silver, take the spoil of gold: for there is no end of the store and glory out of all the pleasant furniture.
And Tyre built herself a strong hold, and amassed silver as the dust, and fine gold as the mire of the streets.
Fausets
Emblem of purity (Job 23:10), of nobility (La 4:1). Zaahaab, "yellow gold," as geld from gel, yellow. Sagur, "treasured gold " (1Ki 6:20). Paz, "native gold" (Job 28:17; Song 5:15). Betser, "gold earth," i.e. raw ore (Job 22:24). Kethem, figuratively (Job 37:22 margin) "golden splendor"; but Maurer literally, "gold is to be found in northern regions, but God cannot, be found out because of His majesty" (compare Job 28). Charuts, "dug out gold" (Pr 8:10).
It was not coined in ancient times, but is represented on Egyptian tombs as weighed out in the form of rings of fixed weight (Ge 43:21). Simon Maccabeus (1 Maccabees 15) was the first who coined Jewish money. Arabia, Sheba, and Ophir, Uphaz, and Parvaim (used for "gold" in Job 22:24), were the gold producing countries. It is no longer found in Arabia. The Asiatics have always possessed more gold in ornaments than in money.
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And it came to pass, when we came to the inn, that we opened our sacks, and behold, every man's money was in the mouth of his sack, our money in full weight: and we have brought it again in our hand.
And the oracle in the forepart was twenty cubits in length, and twenty cubits in breadth, and twenty cubits in the hight of it, and he overlaid it with pure gold; and so covered the altar which was of cedar.
Then shalt thou lay up gold as dust, and the gold of Ophir as the stones of the brooks.
Then shalt thou lay up gold as dust, and the gold of Ophir as the stones of the brooks.
But he knoweth the way that I take: when he hath tried me, I shall come forth as gold.
The gold and the crystal cannot equal it: and the exchange of it shall not be for jewels of fine gold.
Fair weather cometh from the north: with God is terrible majesty.
Receive my instruction, and not silver; and knowledge rather than choice gold.
His legs are as pillars of marble, set upon sockets of fine gold: his countenance is as Lebanon, excellent as the cedars.
How is the gold become dim! how is the most fine gold changed! the stones of the sanctuary are poured out at the head of every street.
Hastings
Morish
The well-known precious metal. It was discovered very early. Ge 2:11-12. It was purified by fire. Pr 17:3; Zec 13:9; and we read of 'choice gold,' 'fine gold,' 'pure gold.' Precious things are compared with gold to show their value. Ps 119:72,127. It was extensively used in the tabernacle and in the temple; some things being made of gold, and others being overlaid with it. For fabrics the gold was beaten into thin plates and cut into wires to be woven with the blue, the purple, and the fine twined linen. The heavenly Jerusalem is also described as of 'pure gold.' 21/18/type/wbs'>Re 21:18,21. Being the most costly metal it is regarded as symbolical of what pertains to God, and as signifying divine righteousness. The Lord Jesus counselled the poor Laodiceans to buy of Him 'gold tried in the fire,' that they might be rich. Re 3:18.
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The name of the first is Pison, which compasseth the whole land of Havilah, where there is gold; And the gold of that land is good: there is bdellium and the onyx-stone.
Blessed art thou, O LORD: teach me thy statutes.
The law of thy mouth is better to me than thousands of gold and silver.
The fining-pot is for silver, and the furnace for gold: but the LORD trieth the hearts.
And I will bring the third part through the fire, and will refine them as silver is refined, and will try them as gold is tried: they shall call on my name, and I will hear them: I will say, It is my people; and they shall say, The LORD is my God.
I counsel thee to buy of me gold tried in the fire, that thou mayest be rich; and white raiment, that thou mayest be clothed, and that the shame of thy nakedness may not appear; and anoint thy eyes with eye-salve, that thou mayest see.
And the building of the wall of it was of jasper: and the city was pure gold, like clear glass.
And the twelve gates were twelve pearls; every several gate was of one pearl; and the street of the city was pure gold, as it were transparent glass.
Smith
Gold.
Gold was known from the very earliest times.
It was at first used chiefly for ornaments, etc.
Coined money was not known to the ancients till a comparatively late period; and on the Egyptian tombs gold is represented as being weighed in rings for commercial purposes. Comp.
Gold was extremely abundant in ancient times,
1Ch 22:14; 2Ch 1:15; 9:9; Da 3:1; Na 2:9
but this did not depreciate its value, because of the enormous quantities consumed by the wealthy in furniture, etc.
10 passim;
The chief countries mentioned as producing gold are Arabia, Sheba and Ophir.
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The name of the first is Pison, which compasseth the whole land of Havilah, where there is gold;
And it came to pass as the camels had done drinking, that the man took a golden ear-ring of half a shekel weight, and two bracelets for her hands of ten shekels weight of gold;
And it came to pass, when we came to the inn, that we opened our sacks, and behold, every man's money was in the mouth of his sack, our money in full weight: and we have brought it again in our hand.
And the whole house he overlaid with gold, until he had finished all the house: also the whole altar that was by the oracle he overlaid with gold.
Now behold, in my trouble I have prepared for the house of the LORD a hundred thousand talents of gold, and a thousand thousand talents of silver; and of brass and iron without weight; for it is in abundance: timber also and stone have I prepared; and thou mayest add to them.
Where were white, green, and blue hangings, fastened with cords of fine linen and purple to silver rings and pillars of marble: the beds were of gold and silver, upon a pavement of red, and blue, and white, and black marble.
It cannot be valued with the gold of Ophir, with the precious onyx, or the sapphire.
King Solomon made himself a chariot of the wood of Lebanon. He made its pillars of silver, the bottom of it of gold, the covering of it of purple, the midst of it being paved with love, for the daughters of Jerusalem.
Silver spread into plates is brought from Tarshish, and gold from Uphaz, the work of the workman, and of the hands of the founder: blue and purple is their clothing: they are all the work of skillful men.
Nebuchadnezzar the king made an image of gold, whose hight was sixty cubits, and the breadth of it six cubits: he set it up in the plain of Dura, in the province of Babylon.
Take ye the spoil of silver, take the spoil of gold: for there is no end of the store and glory out of all the pleasant furniture.
Watsons
GOLD, ???, Ge 24:22, and very frequently in all other parts of the Old Testament; ??????, Mt 23:16-17, &c; the most perfect and valuable of the metals. In Job 28:15-19, gold is mentioned five times, and four of the words are different in the original:
1. ????, which may mean "gold in the mine," or "shut up," as the root signifies, "in the ore,"
2. ???, kethem, from ???, catham, "to sign," "seal," or "stamp;" gold made current by being coined; standard gold, exhibiting the stamp expressive of its value.
3. ???, wrought gold, pure, highly polished gold.
4. ??, denoting solidity, compactness, and strength; probably gold formed into different kinds of plate, or vessels. Jerom, in his comment on Jer 10:9, writes "Septem dominibus apud Hebraeos appellatur aurum."
The seven names, which he does not mention, are as follows, and thus distinguished by the Hebrews:
1. Zahab, gold in general. 2. Zahab tob, good gold, of a more valuable kind, Ge 2:12. 3. Zahab Ophir, gold of Ophir, 1Ki 9:28, such as was brought by the navy of Solomon. 4. Zahab muphaz, solid gold, pure, wrought gold, translated, 1Ki 10:18, "the best gold." 5. Zahab shachut, beaten gold, 2Ch 9:15. 6. Zahab segor, shut up gold; either as mentioned above, gold in the ore, or as the rabbins explain it, "gold shut up in the treasuries," gold in bullion.
7. Zahab parvaim, 2Ch 3:6. To these Buxtorf adds three others: 1. ???, pure gold of the circulating medium. 2. ???, gold in the treasury.
3. ????, choice, fine gold. Arabia had formerly its golden mines. "The gold of Sheba," Ps 72:15, is, in the Septuagint and Arabic versions, "the gold of Arabia." Sheba was the ancient name of Arabia Felix.
Mr. Bruce, however, places it in Africa, at Azab. The gold of Ophir, so often mentioned, must be that which was procured in Arabia, on the coast of the Red Sea. We are assured by Sanchoniathon, as quoted by Eusebius, and by Herodotus, that the Phenicians carried on a considerable traffic with this gold even before the days of Job, who speaks of it, 22:24.
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And the gold of that land is good: there is bdellium and the onyx-stone.
And it came to pass as the camels had done drinking, that the man took a golden ear-ring of half a shekel weight, and two bracelets for her hands of ten shekels weight of gold;
And they came to Ophir, and imported from thence gold, four hundred and twenty talents, and brought it to king Solomon.
Moreover, the king made a great throne of ivory, and overlaid it with the best gold.
And he garnished the house with precious stones for beauty: and the gold was gold of Parvaim.
And king Solomon made two hundred targets of beaten gold: six hundred shekels of beaten gold went to one target.
It cannot be obtained for gold, neither shall silver be weighed for the price of it. It cannot be valued with the gold of Ophir, with the precious onyx, or the sapphire. read more. The gold and the crystal cannot equal it: and the exchange of it shall not be for jewels of fine gold. No mention shall be made of coral, or of pearls: for the price of wisdom is above rubies. The topaz of Cush shall not equal it, neither shall it be valued with pure gold.
And he shall live, and to him shall be given of the gold of Sheba: prayer also shall be made for him continually; and daily shall he be praised.
Silver spread into plates is brought from Tarshish, and gold from Uphaz, the work of the workman, and of the hands of the founder: blue and purple is their clothing: they are all the work of skillful men.
Woe to you, ye blind guides, who say, Whoever shall swear by the temple, it is nothing; but whoever shall swear by the gold of the temple, he is a debtor. Ye fools, and blind: for which is greater, the gold, or the temple that sanctifieth the gold?