Reference: Hart
American
Or STAG, a species of deer, clean by the Levitical law, De 12:15, and celebrated for its elegance, agility, and grace, Song 2:9; Isa 35:6. See HIND and ROE.
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Howbeit of anything thy soul desireth, mayest thou sacrifice and so eat flesh - according to the blessing of Yahweh thy God which he hath bestowed upon thee, in all thy gates, the unclean and the clean may eat thereof, - as the gazelle and as the hart,
Resembleth, my beloved, a gazelle, or a young stag, - Lo! here he is, standing behind our wall, looking in at the windows, peeping in at the lattice.
Then, shall leap as a hart the lame, Then shall shout the tongue of the dumb, For, there have broken forth - In the desert - waters, And streams, in the waste plain:
Easton
(Heb 'ayal), a stag or male deer. It is ranked among the clean animals (De 12:15; 14:5; 15:22), and was commonly killed for food (1Ki 4:23). The hart is frequently alluded to in the poetical and prophetical books (Isa 35:6; Song 2:8-9; La 1:6; Ps 42:1).
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Howbeit of anything thy soul desireth, mayest thou sacrifice and so eat flesh - according to the blessing of Yahweh thy God which he hath bestowed upon thee, in all thy gates, the unclean and the clean may eat thereof, - as the gazelle and as the hart,
the hart and the gazelle and the roebuck, - and the wild goat and the mountain goat, and the wild ox, and the mountain sheep.
within thine own gates, mayest thou eat it, - the unclean of you and the clean alike, as the gazelle and as the hart.
ten fat oxen, and twenty oxen out of the pastures, and a hundred sheep, - besides harts, and gazelles, and roebucks, and fatted fowl.
BOOK THE SECOND As, the hart, cometh panting up to the channels of water, So my soul, panteth for thee, O God.
SHEThe voice of my beloved! Lo! here he cometh, - leaping over the mountains, skipping over the hills. Resembleth, my beloved, a gazelle, or a young stag, - Lo! here he is, standing behind our wall, looking in at the windows, peeping in at the lattice.
Then, shall leap as a hart the lame, Then shall shout the tongue of the dumb, For, there have broken forth - In the desert - waters, And streams, in the waste plain:
Thus hath gone forth from the daughter of Zion, all that adorned her, - Her princes have become like harts that have found no pasture, and have gone strengthless before the pursuer.
Fausets
ayal. The male of the stag, Cervus Duma. Resorting to the mountains (Song 8:14); sure-footed there (2Sa 22:34; Hab 3:19). Monogamous and constant in affection (Pr 5:19). In Ps 42:1 the verb is feminine; the hind therefore, not the hart, is meant; her weakness intensifies her thirst. The emblem of activity (Isa 35:6). So Naphtali is described by Jacob prophetically (Ge 49:21), "a hind let loose." His active energy was shown against Jabin the Canaanite oppressor (Jg 4:6-9; 5:18). The Targums say he first told Jacob that Joseph was yet alive; "he giveth goodly words." The Hebrew sheluchim, "the apostles," answers to shelucha "let loose." So the prophecy hints at what Isaiah (Isa 52:7) more clearly unfolds, "how beautiful upon the mountains are the feet of him that bringeth good tidings."
Easily agitated (Song 2:7; 3:5), so that the hunter must advance on them with breathless caution if he would take them; an emblem of the resting (Zep 3:17) but easily grieved Holy Spirit (Eze 16:43; Mt 18:7; Eph 4:30). The thunder so terrifies them that they prematurely bring forth (Ps 29:9). The case of their parturition, through the instinct given them by God's care, stands in contrast to the shepherd's anxiety in numbering the months of the flock's pregnancy, and is an argument to convince Job (Job 39:1-3) of God's consummate wisdom; why then should he harbour for a moment the thought that God, who cares so providentially for the humblest creature, could be capable of harshness and injustice toward His noblest creature, man?
The masculine ayal, Septuagint elafos, is the fallow deer (Dama commonis) or the Barbary deer (Cervus Barbarus) according to Appendix, Smith's Bible Dictionary Timid and fleet especially when seeking and not able to find pasture (La 1:6); emblem of Zion's captive princes at Babylon. Septuagint and Vulgate read eylim, "rams." Ajalon abounded in the ayal, whence it took its name. Aijeleth, "the hind," in the title Psalm 22 symbolizes one shot at by the archers and persecuted to death, namely, Messiah; as the persecutors are symbolized by "bulls," "lions," "dogs."
The addition "of the morning" (shahar) implies prosperity dawning after suffering. The hind is emblematic of the grace, innocence, and loveliness (Song 2:9) of the Antitype to Joseph (Ge 49:23-24). The hind's sure footing in the rocks typifies the believer's preservation in high places and difficulties. The Arabs call a deer by a like name to the Hebrew, (iyal). The deer is represented on the slabs at Nineveh, and seems to have abounded anciently in Syria, though not there now.
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Naphtali, is a slender hind, - That putteth forth antlers of beauty. A fruitful bough, is Joseph,
So they attack him and have shot, - So they enclose him, do the masters of arrows. But abideth, as an enduring one, his bow, And supple are the arms of his hands, - From the hands of the Mighty One of Jacob, From thence, is the Shepherd the Stone of Israel:
And she sent and called for Barak son of Abinoam, out of Kadesh-naphtali, - and said unto him - Hath not Yahweh God of Israel, commanded, - Come and draw towards Mount Tabor, and bring with thee - ten thousand men, of the sons of Naphtali, and of the sons of Zebulun; and I will draw unto thee, unto the torrent of Kishon, Sisera, prince of the host of Jabin, with his chariots, and with his multitude, - and will deliver him into thy hand? read more. And Barak said unto her, If thou wilt go with me, then will I go - but, if thou wilt not go with me, I will not go. And she said - I will, go, with thee; only, it shall not be, thine own honour, that shall arise from the journey which thou art about to take, for, into the hand of a woman, will Yahweh sell Sisera. So Deborah arose, and went with Barak, towards Kadesh.
Zebulun - a people that scorned their souls unto death; and, Naphtali, - upon the heights of the field.
Planting my feet like the hinds', - yea, on my high places, he caused me to stand;
Knowest thou the season when the Wild Goats of the crags beget? The bringing forth of the hinds, canst thou observe? Canst thou count the months they fulfil? Or knowest thou the time when they give birth? read more. They kneel down, their young, they bring forth; their pains, they throw off;
The voice of Yahweh, causeth the gazelles to bring forth, and hath stript forests; and, in his own temple, every one there, is saying, Glory!
BOOK THE SECOND As, the hart, cometh panting up to the channels of water, So my soul, panteth for thee, O God.
A loving hind! a graceful doe! let, her bosom, content thee at all times, and, in her love, mayst thou stray evermore.
HEI adjure you, ye daughters of Jerusalem, by the gazelles or by the hinds of the field, - That ye wake not, nor arouse, the dear love until she please! ****
Resembleth, my beloved, a gazelle, or a young stag, - Lo! here he is, standing behind our wall, looking in at the windows, peeping in at the lattice.
HEI adjure you ye, daughters of Jerusalem, by the gazelles, or by the hinds of the field, - That ye wake not, nor arouse, the dear love until she please. ****
SHECome quickly, my beloved, and resemble thou a gazelle, or a young stag, upon the mountains of balsam-trees.
Then, shall leap as a hart the lame, Then shall shout the tongue of the dumb, For, there have broken forth - In the desert - waters, And streams, in the waste plain:
How beautiful, upon the mountains are the feet - Of him That bringeth good tidings, That publisheth peace, That bringeth good tidings of blessing, That publisheth salvation, - That saith unto Zion, Thy God, hath become king.
Thus hath gone forth from the daughter of Zion, all that adorned her, - Her princes have become like harts that have found no pasture, and have gone strengthless before the pursuer.
Because thou hast not remembered the days of thy youth, But hast enraged me with all these things Therefore also behold! I thy way, upon thine own head, will place Declareth My Lord Yahweh, And thou shalt not commit a crime above all thine abominations
Yahweh, My Lord, is my strength, therefore hath he made my feet like hinds, and, upon my high places, will he cause me to march along. To the chief musician, on my double harp.
Yahweh, thy God, in the midst of thee, as a mighty one, will save, - will be glad over thee with rejoicing, will be silent in his love, will exult over thee with shouts of triumph.
Alas for the world! by reason of the causes of stumbling; for it is, necessary, that the causes of stumbling come, - nevertheless, alas for the man through whom the cause of stumbling cometh!
And be not grieving the Holy Spirit of God, wherewith ye have been sealed unto a day of redemption;
Morish
ayyal. A species of deer which is not now definitely known. Many suppose it to be the red deer, the Cervus elaphus. It was a clean animal, and was one supplied to Solomon's table. De 12:15,22; 1Ki 4:23. Its desire for the water-brooks is used as a symbol of a soul's panting after God. Ps 42:1. The bride in the Canticles compares the bridegroom to a young hart. Cant. 2:9, 17; Cant. 8:14. In predicting God's blessing upon Israel in a future day it is said, "the lame man shall leap as a hart." Isa 35:6. The deer are remarkable for their pleasing form, their graceful movements, and their great agility.
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Howbeit of anything thy soul desireth, mayest thou sacrifice and so eat flesh - according to the blessing of Yahweh thy God which he hath bestowed upon thee, in all thy gates, the unclean and the clean may eat thereof, - as the gazelle and as the hart,
Even as the gazelle and the hart is eaten, so, shalt thou eat it, - the unclean and the clean, alike shall eat it.
BOOK THE SECOND As, the hart, cometh panting up to the channels of water, So my soul, panteth for thee, O God.
Then, shall leap as a hart the lame, Then shall shout the tongue of the dumb, For, there have broken forth - In the desert - waters, And streams, in the waste plain:
Smith
Hart,
the male stag. The word denotes some member of the deer tribe either the fallow deer or the Barbary deer. The hart is reckoned among the clean animals,
De 12:15; 14:5; 15:22
and seems from the passages quoted, as well as from
to have been commonly killed for food.
See Verses Found in Dictionary
Howbeit of anything thy soul desireth, mayest thou sacrifice and so eat flesh - according to the blessing of Yahweh thy God which he hath bestowed upon thee, in all thy gates, the unclean and the clean may eat thereof, - as the gazelle and as the hart,
the hart and the gazelle and the roebuck, - and the wild goat and the mountain goat, and the wild ox, and the mountain sheep.
within thine own gates, mayest thou eat it, - the unclean of you and the clean alike, as the gazelle and as the hart.
ten fat oxen, and twenty oxen out of the pastures, and a hundred sheep, - besides harts, and gazelles, and roebucks, and fatted fowl.
Watsons
HART, ???, De 12:15; 14:5; Ps 42:1; Isa 35:6, the stag, or male deer. Dr. Shaw considers its name in Hebrew as a generic word including all the species of the deer kind; whether they are distinguished by round horns, as the stag; or by flat ones, as the fallow deer; or by the smallness of the branches, as the roe. Mr. Good observes that the hind and roe, the hart and the antelope, were held, and still continue to be, in the highest estimation in all the eastern countries, for the voluptuous beauty of their eyes, the delicate elegance of their form, or their graceful agility of action. The names of these animals were perpetually applied, therefore, to persons, whether male or female, who were supposed to be possessed of any of their respective qualities. In 2Sa 1:19, Saul is denominated "the roe of Israel;" and in the eighteenth verse of the ensuing chapter, we are told that "Asahel was as light of foot as a wild roe:" a phraseology perfectly synonymous with the epithet swift-footed, which Homer has so frequently bestowed upon his hero Achilles. Thus again: "Her princes are like harts which find no pasture; they are fled without strength before their pursuers," La 1:6. The Lord Jehovah is my strength; he will make my feet like hinds' feet; he will cause me to tread again on my own hills," Hab 3:19. See HIND.
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Howbeit of anything thy soul desireth, mayest thou sacrifice and so eat flesh - according to the blessing of Yahweh thy God which he hath bestowed upon thee, in all thy gates, the unclean and the clean may eat thereof, - as the gazelle and as the hart,
the hart and the gazelle and the roebuck, - and the wild goat and the mountain goat, and the wild ox, and the mountain sheep.
The beauty of Israel! on thy high plumes - slain! How have fallen - the mighty!
BOOK THE SECOND As, the hart, cometh panting up to the channels of water, So my soul, panteth for thee, O God.
Then, shall leap as a hart the lame, Then shall shout the tongue of the dumb, For, there have broken forth - In the desert - waters, And streams, in the waste plain:
Thus hath gone forth from the daughter of Zion, all that adorned her, - Her princes have become like harts that have found no pasture, and have gone strengthless before the pursuer.
Yahweh, My Lord, is my strength, therefore hath he made my feet like hinds, and, upon my high places, will he cause me to march along. To the chief musician, on my double harp.