Reference: Queen
Easton
No explicit mention of queens is made till we read of the "queen of Sheba." The wives of the kings of Israel are not so designated. In Ps 45:9, the Hebrew for "queen" is not malkah, one actually ruling like the Queen of Sheba, but shegal, which simply means the king's wife. In 1Ki 11:19, Pharaoh's wife is called "the queen," but the Hebrew word so rendered (g'birah) is simply a title of honour, denoting a royal lady, used sometimes for "queen-mother" (1Ki 15:13; 2Ch 15:16). In Song 6:8-9, the king's wives are styled "queens" (Heb melakhoth).
In the New Testament we read of the "queen of the south", i.e., Southern Arabia, Sheba (Mt 12:42; Lu 11:31) and the "queen of the Ethiopians" (Ac 8:27), Candace.
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And Hadad found great favour in the eyes of Pharaoh, - so that he gave him to wife, the sister of his own wife, the sister of Tahpenes the queen.
Moreover also, even Maachah his mother, he removed from being queen, because she had made a monstrous thing to the Sacred Stem, - and Asa cut down her monstrous thing and burned it in the Kidron ravine.
Daughters of kings, are among thine honourable women, Stationed is the bride at thy right hand, in gold of Ophir.
Threescore, are the queens, and, fourscore, are the concubines, - and, virgins, there are, without number. One alone, is my dove, my perfect one, one alone, was she to her mother, Pure, was she to her that bare her, - The daughters, have seen her, and pronounced her happy, Queens and concubines, and they have praised her.
The queen of the south, will arise in the judgment with this generation and will condemn it - because she came out of the ends of the earth, to hear the wisdom of Solomon; and lo! something greater than Solomon, here.
The queen of the south, will rise up, in the judgment, with the men of this generation, and will condemn them; because she came out of the ends of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon, - and lo! something more than Solomon, here.
And, arising, he journeyed. And lo! a man of Ethiopia, a eunuch, one in power under Candace queen of the Ethiopians, who was over all her treasure whohad come to worship in Jerusalem;
Fausets
malkah "queen regnant" (1Ki 10:1; Da 5:10; Es 1:9); sheegal "the queen consort" (Ps 45:9; Da 5:2-3); gebirah "powerful mistress," "the queen mother." Polygamy, lessened the influence of the kings wives, whose hold on his affections was shared by others and was at best precarious; but the queen mother enjoyed a fixed position of dignity. So Bathsheba (1Ki 2:19, etc.); Maachah (1Ki 15:13); 2Ki 10:13, Jezebel; Jehoiachin's mother (2Ki 24:12; Jer 13:18; 29:2).
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So Bath-sheba went in unto King Solomon, to speak to him for Adonijah, - and the king rose up to meet her, and bowed himself down to her, and sat down upon his throne, and caused a throne to be set for the mother of the king, and she sat on his right hand.
And, when, the queen of Sheba, heard the report of Solomon, as pertaining to the Name of Yahweh, she came to prove him, with abstruse questions.
Moreover also, even Maachah his mother, he removed from being queen, because she had made a monstrous thing to the Sacred Stem, - and Asa cut down her monstrous thing and burned it in the Kidron ravine.
so, Jehu, lighted upon the brethren of Ahaziah king of Judah, and said, Who are, ye? And they said - Brethren of Ahaziah, are, we; so we came down to salute the sons of the king, and the sons of the queen.
Then came out Jehoiachin king of Judah, unto the king of Babylon, he and his mother, and his servants, and his generals, and his courtiers, - and the king of Babylon took him, in the eighth year of his reign.
Also Vashti the queen, made a banquet for the women, - in the royal house which belonged to King Ahasuerus.
Daughters of kings, are among thine honourable women, Stationed is the bride at thy right hand, in gold of Ophir.
Say thou to the king and to the queen-mother, Abase yourselves - Sit down, - For descended have your Head-tires, your Crown of adornment.
after that Jeconiah the king and the queen-mother and the eunuchs the princes of Judah and Jerusalem and the craftsmen and the smiths, had gone forth from Jerusalem; -
Belshazzar, gave word, at the flavour of the wine, to bring the vessels of gold and silver, which Nebuchadnezzar his father, had brought forth, out of the temple which was in Jerusalem, - that the king and his nobles, his wives and his concubines, might drink therein. Then brought they the vessels of gold which had been taken out of the temple of the house of God, which was in Jerusalem, - and the king and his nobles, his wives and, his concubines, drank therein:
The queen, by reason of the words of the king and his nobles, into the house of banqueting, entered, - the queen spake and said, O king! for ages, live! Let not thy thoughts, terrify thee, and, as for thy bright looks, let them not be changed.
Hastings
The functions of a queen reigning in her own right would be identical with those of a king (wh. see). The queen as the wife of a monarch in Israel held a position of comparatively little importance, whereas that of a dowager-queen ('queen-mother') commanded great influence (cf. the cases of Bathsheba, Jezebel, Athaliah).
Morish
This is applied, as now, to one reigning in her own right, as the queen of Sheba, 2Ch 9:1-12; and Candace, queen of the Ethiopians, Ac 8:27. The title was also given to the consort of a reigning sovereign, as queen Esther; and to the queen-mother, who often had great influence at court, as Bathsheba, Jezebel, etc.
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And, the queen of Sheba, heard the report of Solomon, so she came to prove Solomon with abstruse questions, in Jerusalem, with a very great train, and camels bearing spices, and gold in abundance, and precious stones, - and, when she was come to Solomon, she spake with him, as to all that was near her heart. And Solomon answered her all her questions, - and there was nothing hidden from Solomon, which he told her not. read more. And, when the queen of Sheba had seen the wisdom of Solomon, and the house which he had built; and the food of his table, and the seats of his servants, and the standing of his attendants, with their apparel, and his cupbearers, and their apparel, and his ascent whereby he used to ascend the house of Yahweh, then was there in her no more spirit. And she said unto the king, True was the word, which I heard in my own land, - concerning thine affairs, and concerning thy wisdom. Howbeit I believed not their words, until I had come and mine own eyes had seen, when lo! there had not been told me, the half of the fulness of thy wisdom, - thou dost exceed the report which I heard. How happy! are thy men, and how happy! are these thy servants, - who are standing before thee continually, and hearing thy wisdom. Yahweh thy God be blessed, who hath delighted in thee, to set thee upon his throne as king unto Yahweh thy God. Because of the love of thy God unto Israel, to establish them unto times age-abiding, therefore hath he set thee over them, as king, to execute justice and righteousness. And she gave unto the king, a hundred and twenty talents of gold, and spices in great abundance and precious stones, - and there was none like that spice, which the queen of Sheba gave unto King Solomon. Moreover also, the servants of Huram, and the servants of Solomon, who brought gold from Ophir, brought sandal-wood and precious stones. And the king made of the sandal-wood, stairs unto the house of Yahweh, and unto the house of the king, also lyres and harps, for the singers, - and there were none seen like them before, in the land of Judah. And, King Solomon, gave to the queen of Sheba all her desire, whatsoever she asked, besides a return for that which she had brought unto the king, - so she turned, and went away to her own land, she, and her servants.
And, arising, he journeyed. And lo! a man of Ethiopia, a eunuch, one in power under Candace queen of the Ethiopians, who was over all her treasure whohad come to worship in Jerusalem;
Smith
Queen.
This title is properly applied to the queen-mother, since in an Oriental household it is not the wife but the mother of the master who exercises the highest authority. Strange as such an arrangement at sight appears, it is one of the inevitable results of polygamy. An illustration of the queen-mother's influence is given in
ff. The term is applied to Maachah,
and to Jezetiel,
and to the mother of Jehoiachin or Jeconiah,
compare 2Kin 24:12; Jere 29:2
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So Bath-sheba went in unto King Solomon, to speak to him for Adonijah, - and the king rose up to meet her, and bowed himself down to her, and sat down upon his throne, and caused a throne to be set for the mother of the king, and she sat on his right hand.
Moreover also, even Maachah his mother, he removed from being queen, because she had made a monstrous thing to the Sacred Stem, - and Asa cut down her monstrous thing and burned it in the Kidron ravine.
so, Jehu, lighted upon the brethren of Ahaziah king of Judah, and said, Who are, ye? And they said - Brethren of Ahaziah, are, we; so we came down to salute the sons of the king, and the sons of the queen.
Then came out Jehoiachin king of Judah, unto the king of Babylon, he and his mother, and his servants, and his generals, and his courtiers, - and the king of Babylon took him, in the eighth year of his reign.
Say thou to the king and to the queen-mother, Abase yourselves - Sit down, - For descended have your Head-tires, your Crown of adornment.