Reference: Custom
Easton
a tax imposed by the Romans. The tax-gatherers were termed publicans (q.v.), who had their stations at the gates of cities, and in the public highways, and at the place set apart for that purpose, called the "receipt of custom" (Mt 9:9; Mr 2:14), where they collected the money that was to be paid on certain goods (Mt 17:25). These publicans were tempted to exact more from the people than was lawful, and were, in consequence of their extortions, objects of great hatred. The Pharisees would have no intercourse with them (Mt 5:46-47; 9:10-11).
A tax or tribute (q.v.) of half a shekel was annually paid by every adult Jew for the temple. It had to be paid in Jewish coin (Mt 22:17-19; Mr 12:14-15). Money-changers (q.v.) were necessary, to enable the Jews who came up to Jerusalem at the feasts to exchange their foreign coin for Jewish money; but as it was forbidden by the law to carry on such a traffic for emolument (De 23:19-20), our Lord drove them from the temple (Mt 21:12; Mr 11:15).
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Do not charge interest to your brothers, interest on money, food, anything that may be loaned at interest. You may charge interest to a foreigner, but to your brother (countrymen) you shall not charge interest. That way Jehovah your God will bless you in all that you undertake in the land you are about to possess.
What good is there, when you love only those who love you? Even [corrupt] tax collectors do that! When you are kind only to your friends [and brothers] what makes you different from anyone else? Even people of the nations do that.
Jesus moved on. He then saw Matthew seated at his work collecting taxes. He said to him: Follow me. He rose and followed him. Jesus was a dinner guest at Matthew's house. Many tax collectors and sinners came and sat down with him and his disciples. read more. When the Pharisees saw it, they asked his disciples: Why does your Teacher eat with the tax collectors and sinners?
He said: Yes. When he entered the house, Jesus said to him: What is your opinion, Simon? Who pays the tax assessed by the kings of the earth? Is it from their sons or from other people?
Jesus went into the Temple and drove out all who were trading there. He overturned the tables of the moneychangers and the seats of those trading in doves.
Tell us what you think? Is it lawful to pay the poll tax to Caesar, or not? Jesus perceived their wickedness. He said: Why do you test me, you hypocrites? read more. Show me the tribute money. They brought a penny (denarius) to him.
He saw Levi, the son of Alphaeus, seated at the place where taxes were collected. He said to him: Come with me. And he got up and went with him.
When in Jerusalem he entered the temple and turned over the tables of the moneychangers and the seats of the people who sold doves.
Teacher, they said, we know that you are truthful, and not concerned about what other people think. You truthfully teach the way of God. Is it lawful to pay taxes to Caesar, or not? Should we pay or should we not pay? Knowing their hypocrisy he said to them: Why do you test me? Show me a denarius.
Hastings
This is to be carefully distinguished from 'tribute' (wh. see). The customs were paid on the value of goods, in Galilee and Per
Morish
The words halak, ?????, apparently allude to the duty paid on merchandise or produce, and should be distinguished from 'tribute.' Ezr 4:13,20; 7:24; Mt 17:25; Ro 13:7.
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The king may be certain that when the town and its wall are completely rebuilt they will pay no tax or payment in goods or forced payments, and in the end it will be a cause of loss to the kings.
Further, there have been great kings in Jerusalem. They ruled over all the country across the river. Taxes and tribute was paid to them.
In addition, we make it clear to you, that it will be against the law to put any tax or payment in goods or forced payment on any of the priests or Levites, the music-makers, doorkeepers, Nethinim, or any servants of this house of God.
He said: Yes. When he entered the house, Jesus said to him: What is your opinion, Simon? Who pays the tax assessed by the kings of the earth? Is it from their sons or from other people?
Render therefore to all their due. Provide tribute to whom tribute is due. Give custom to whom custom is owed. Render fear to whom fear is owed and offer honor to whom honor is deserved.