Reference: Oaths
Hastings
How the need of oaths must first have arisen can be seen in such a passage as Ex 22:10-11 : 'If a man deliver unto his neighbour an ass, or an ox, or a sheep, or a beast, to keep; and it die, or be hurt, or driven away, no man seeing It: the oath of the Lord shall be between them both, whether he hath not put his hand unto his neighbour's goods; and the owner thereof shall accept it, and he shall not make restitution.' As there is no witness to substantiate the innocence or prove the guilt of the suspected person
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And Abraham took sheep and oxen and gave them unto Abimelech. And they made both of them a bond together. And Abraham set seven lambs by themselves. read more. And Abimelech said unto Abraham, "What mean these seven lambs which thou hast set by themselves?" And he answered, "Seven lambs shalt thou take of my hand, that it may be a witness unto me, that I have digged this well." Wherefore the place is called Beersheba, because they sware both of them.
And the angel of the LORD cried unto Abraham from heaven the second time,
And he said unto his eldest servant of his house which had the rule over all that he had, "Put thy hand under my thigh
Then said they, "We saw that the LORD was with thee, and therefore we said that there should be an oath betwixt us and thee, and that we would make a bond with thee:
that thou shalt not vex my daughters neither shalt take other wives unto them. Here is no man with us: behold, God is witness betwixt thee and me."
The God of Abraham, the God of Nahor, and the God of their fathers, be judge betwixt us." And Jacob sware by him that his father Isaac feared.
The God of Abraham, the God of Nahor, and the God of their fathers, be judge betwixt us." And Jacob sware by him that his father Isaac feared.
When the time drew nigh that Israel must die, he sent for his son Joseph and said unto him, "If I have found grace in thy sight, put thy hand under my thigh and deal mercifully and truly with me, that thou bury me not in Egypt:
And I will bring you unto the land over the which I did lift up my hand to give it unto Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, and will give it unto you for a possession: even I the LORD.'"
If a man deliver unto his neighbor to keep ass, ox, sheep or whatsoever beast it be and it die, or be hurt or driven away, and no man see it: then shall an oath of the LORD go between them, whether he have put his hand unto his neighbor's good, and the owner of it shall take the oath, and the other shall not make it good.
And the LORD talked with Moses, saying, "When a soul sinneth and trespasseth against the LORD, and denied unto his neighbour that which was taken him to keep, or that was put under his hand, or that which he hath violently taken away, or that which he hath deceived his neighbour of with subtlety, read more. or hath found that which was lost and denieth it, and sweareth falsely, in whatsoever thing it be that a man doth and sinneth therein; Then when he hath sinned or trespassed, he shall restore again that he took violently away, or the wrong which he did, or that which was delivered him to keep, or the lost thing which he found, or whatsoever it be about which he hath sworn falsely, he shall restore it again in the whole sum, and shall add the fifth part more thereto and give it unto him to whom it pertaineth, the same day that he offereth for his trespass, and shall bring for his trespass offering unto the LORD: a ram without blemish out of the flock, that is esteemed worth a trespass offering unto the priest. And the priest shall make an atonement for him before the LORD, and it shall be forgiven him in whatsoever thing it be that a man doth and trespasseth therein."
and let the priest conjure her with the conjuration of the curse, and say unto her: the LORD make thee a curse and a conjuration among thy people: so that the LORD make thy thigh rot, and thy womb to burst,
come in to the land over which I lifted mine hand to make you dwell therein - save Caleb the son of Jephunneh, and Joshua the son of Nun.
But fear the LORD thy God and serve him, and swear by his name,
For I will lift up my hand to heaven, and will say: I live ever.
And Joshua made peace with them, and made a covenant with them, to save their lives: and the lords of the congregation sware unto them.
And he said, "They were my brethren, even my mother's children. And as truly as the LORD liveth, if ye had saved their lives, I would not slay you."
And David sware again and said, "Thy father knoweth that I have found grace in thine eyes and therefore he thinketh, 'Jonathan shall not know it, lest he be sorry.' For in very deed even as truly as the LORD liveth, and as truly as thy soul liveth, there is but a step between me and death."
And Ittai answered the king and said, "As surely as the LORD liveth, and as surely as my lord the king liveth: in what place my lord the king shall be, whether in death or life, even there will thy servant be."
Then king Solomon sware by the LORD, saying, "God do so to me and so thereto if Adonijah have not spoken this word against himself.
Hear this, O thou house of Jacob; ye that are called by the name of Israel, and are come out of one stock with Judah; which swear by the name of the LORD, and bear witness by the God of Israel - but not with truth and right.
Your name shall not be sworn by among my chosen, for God the LORD shall slay you, and call his servants by another name.
And if they, namely that trouble my people, will learn the ways of them, to swear by my name, 'The LORD liveth' - like as they learned my people to swear by Baal - then shall they be reckoned among my people.
And all the prisoners of Judah that are in Babylon, shall take upon them this term of cursing, and say, 'Now God do unto thee, as he did unto Zedekiah and Ahab, whom the king of Babylon roasted in the fire;
And they said to Jeremiah, "The LORD of truth and faithfulness be our record, that we will do all that the LORD thy God commandeth us;
Then heard I the man with the linen clothes, which stood above upon the waters of the flood: when he held up his right and left hand unto heaven, and sware by him which liveth forever, that, "It shall tarry for a time, two times and half a time: when the power of the holy people is clean scattered abroad, then shall all these things be fulfilled."
And it shall come to pass, that like as ye were a curse among the Heathen, O ye house of Judah and ye house of Israel: Even so will I deliver you, that ye shall be a blessing. Fear not, but let your hands be strong.
And again he denied with an oath that he knew the man.