Reference: Pledge
American
The Jewish law protected the poor who were obliged to give security for a loan or the fulfillment of a contract. If a man pawned his rove, the usual covering of the cool nights, it must be returned on the same day, Ex 22:26-27. The creditor could not enter a house and take what he pleased; and the millstone being a necessary of life, could not be taken, De 24:6,10-11. Compare Job 22:6; 24:3,7. Idolaters sometimes disregarded these prohibitions, Am 2:6-8. See LOANS. Pledges are necessary from the vicious, who cannot be trusted, Pr 20:16.
See Verses Found in Dictionary
If thou at all take thy neighbour's clothing as a pledge, thou shalt deliver it unto him before the sun goes down; for only that is his covering, it is his clothing to cover his flesh, in which he must sleep; and it shall come to pass, when he cries unto me, that I will hear, for I am merciful.
No man shall take the lower or the upper millstone for a pledge, for he takes a man's life to pledge.
When thou dost lend thy brother any thing, thou shalt not go into his house to take his pledge. Thou shalt stand outside, and the man to whom thou dost lend shall bring the pledge out unto thee.
For thou didst take a pledge from thy brother without cause and stripped the naked of their clothing.
They drive away the ass of the fatherless; they take the widow's ox for a pledge.
They cause the naked to lodge without clothing, that they have no covering in the cold.
Take his garment that is surety for a stranger, and take a pledge of him that is surety for a strange woman.
Thus hath the LORD said: For three transgressions of Israel and for the fourth, I will not convert her because they sold the righteous for silver and the poor for a pair of shoes, desiring that there be dust of the earth upon the head of the poor, and to twist the way of the humble: and the man and his father have gone in unto the same maid, profaning my holy name: read more. and they lay themselves down upon clothes laid to pledge by any altar, and they drink the wine of the condemned in the house of their god.
Easton
See Loan.
Hastings
The taking of a pledge for the re-payment of a loan was sanctioned by the Law, but a humanitarian provision was introduced to the effect that, when this pledge consisted of the large square outer garment or cioak called simlah, it must be returned before nightfali, since this garment often formed the only covering of the poor at night (Ex 22:26 f., De 24:12 f.; cf. Am 2:8; Job 22:6; 24:9; Eze 18:7,12,16; 33:15). It was forbidden also to take the mill or the upper millstone as a pledge (De 24:6). In Isa 36:8 the reference is to a pledge to be forfeited if a wager is lost (cf. Revised Version margin). In I S17:18 'take their pledge' probably means 'bring back a token of their welfare' (Driver).
See Verses Found in Dictionary
If thou at all take thy neighbour's clothing as a pledge, thou shalt deliver it unto him before the sun goes down;
No man shall take the lower or the upper millstone for a pledge, for he takes a man's life to pledge.
For thou didst take a pledge from thy brother without cause and stripped the naked of their clothing.
They pluck the fatherless from the breast and take a pledge of the poor.
Now therefore give pledges, I pray thee, to my master the king of Assyria, and I will give thee two thousand horses, if thou art able on thy part to set riders upon them.
neither oppress any, but restores to the debtor his pledge, does not commit robbery, gives his bread to the hungry, and covers the naked with a garment,
oppresses the poor and needy, commits robbery, does not restore the pledge, or lifts up his eyes to the idols, or makes an abomination,
neither oppresses any, nor withholds the pledge, neither commits robbery, but gives his bread to the hungry, and covers the naked with a garment,
if the wicked restores the pledge, returns that which he had robbed, walks in the statutes of life, without committing iniquity he shall surely live; he shall not die.
and they lay themselves down upon clothes laid to pledge by any altar, and they drink the wine of the condemned in the house of their god.
Morish
The taking of articles as security for loans, etc. was very early practised, and restrictions were given in the law that no unfair advantage should be taken thereby. Ex 22:26; De 24:10-17; Job 22:6; 24:3,9; Am 2:8. In 2Ki 18:23 and Isa 36:8 the sense is 'to make an engagement or treaty.'
See Verses Found in Dictionary
If thou at all take thy neighbour's clothing as a pledge, thou shalt deliver it unto him before the sun goes down;
When thou dost lend thy brother any thing, thou shalt not go into his house to take his pledge. Thou shalt stand outside, and the man to whom thou dost lend shall bring the pledge out unto thee. read more. And if the man is poor, thou shalt not sleep with his pledge. Without fail thou shalt deliver him the pledge again when the sun goes down that he may sleep in his own clothing and bless thee, and it shall be righteousness unto thee before the LORD thy God. Thou shalt not do violence unto a hired servant that is poor and needy, whether he is of thy brethren or of thy strangers that are in thy land within thy gates. In his day thou shalt give him his hire, neither shall the sun go down upon it; for he is poor and with it sustains his life, lest he cry against thee unto the LORD, and it be sin unto thee. The fathers shall not be put to death for the children, neither shall the children be put to death for the fathers; each one shall be put to death for his own sin. Thou shalt not twist the rights of the stranger nor of the fatherless nor take a widow's clothing for a pledge,
Now therefore, I pray thee, give hostages unto my lord, the king of Assyria, and I will deliver thee two thousand horses, if thou art able on thy part to set riders upon them.
For thou didst take a pledge from thy brother without cause and stripped the naked of their clothing.
They drive away the ass of the fatherless; they take the widow's ox for a pledge.
They pluck the fatherless from the breast and take a pledge of the poor.
Now therefore give pledges, I pray thee, to my master the king of Assyria, and I will give thee two thousand horses, if thou art able on thy part to set riders upon them.
and they lay themselves down upon clothes laid to pledge by any altar, and they drink the wine of the condemned in the house of their god.
Smith
Pledge.
[LOAN]
See Loan