Reference: Pledge
American
The Jewish law protected the poor who were obliged to give security for a loan or the fulfillment of a contract. If a man pawned his rove, the usual covering of the cool nights, it must be returned on the same day, Ex 22:26-27. The creditor could not enter a house and take what he pleased; and the millstone being a necessary of life, could not be taken, De 24:6,10-11. Compare Job 22:6; 24:3,7. Idolaters sometimes disregarded these prohibitions, Am 2:6-8. See LOANS. Pledges are necessary from the vicious, who cannot be trusted, Pr 20:16.
See Verses Found in Dictionary
"If you ever take your neighbor's cloak as a pledge, you are to return it to him before the sun sets, for that is his only covering; it is his cloak for his body. What else shall he sleep in? And it shall come about that when he cries out to Me, I will hear him, for I am gracious.
"No one shall take a handmill or an upper millstone in pledge, for he would be taking a life in pledge.
"When you make your neighbor a loan of any sort, you shall not enter his house to take his pledge. "You shall remain outside, and the man to whom you make the loan shall bring the pledge out to you.
"For you have taken pledges of your brothers without cause, And stripped men naked.
"They drive away the donkeys of the orphans; They take the widow's ox for a pledge.
"They spend the night naked, without clothing, And have no covering against the cold.
Take his garment when he becomes surety for a stranger; And for foreigners, hold him in pledge.
Thus says the LORD, "For three transgressions of Israel and for four I will not revoke its punishment, Because they sell the righteous for money And the needy for a pair of sandals. "These who pant after the very dust of the earth on the head of the helpless Also turn aside the way of the humble; And a man and his father resort to the same girl In order to profane My holy name. read more. "On garments taken as pledges they stretch out beside every altar, And in the house of their God they drink the wine of those who have been fined.
Easton
See Loan.
Hastings
The taking of a pledge for the re-payment of a loan was sanctioned by the Law, but a humanitarian provision was introduced to the effect that, when this pledge consisted of the large square outer garment or cioak called simlah, it must be returned before nightfali, since this garment often formed the only covering of the poor at night (Ex 22:26 f., De 24:12 f.; cf. Am 2:8; Job 22:6; 24:9; Eze 18:7,12,16; 33:15). It was forbidden also to take the mill or the upper millstone as a pledge (De 24:6). In Isa 36:8 the reference is to a pledge to be forfeited if a wager is lost (cf. Revised Version margin). In I S17:18 'take their pledge' probably means 'bring back a token of their welfare' (Driver).
See Verses Found in Dictionary
"If you ever take your neighbor's cloak as a pledge, you are to return it to him before the sun sets,
"No one shall take a handmill or an upper millstone in pledge, for he would be taking a life in pledge.
"For you have taken pledges of your brothers without cause, And stripped men naked.
"Others snatch the orphan from the breast, And against the poor they take a pledge.
"Now therefore, come make a bargain with my master the king of Assyria, and I will give you two thousand horses, if you are able on your part to set riders on them.
if a man does not oppress anyone, but restores to the debtor his pledge, does not commit robbery, but gives his bread to the hungry and covers the naked with clothing,
oppresses the poor and needy, commits robbery, does not restore a pledge, but lifts up his eyes to the idols and commits abomination,
or oppress anyone, or retain a pledge, or commit robbery, but he gives his bread to the hungry and covers the naked with clothing,
if a wicked man restores a pledge, pays back what he has taken by robbery, walks by the statutes which ensure life without committing iniquity, he shall surely live; he shall not die.
"On garments taken as pledges they stretch out beside every altar, And in the house of their God they drink the wine of those who have been fined.
Morish
The taking of articles as security for loans, etc. was very early practised, and restrictions were given in the law that no unfair advantage should be taken thereby. Ex 22:26; De 24:10-17; Job 22:6; 24:3,9; Am 2:8. In 2Ki 18:23 and Isa 36:8 the sense is 'to make an engagement or treaty.'
See Verses Found in Dictionary
"If you ever take your neighbor's cloak as a pledge, you are to return it to him before the sun sets,
"When you make your neighbor a loan of any sort, you shall not enter his house to take his pledge. "You shall remain outside, and the man to whom you make the loan shall bring the pledge out to you. read more. "If he is a poor man, you shall not sleep with his pledge. "When the sun goes down you shall surely return the pledge to him, that he may sleep in his cloak and bless you; and it will be righteousness for you before the LORD your God. "You shall not oppress a hired servant who is poor and needy, whether he is one of your countrymen or one of your aliens who is in your land in your towns. "You shall give him his wages on his day before the sun sets, for he is poor and sets his heart on it; so that he will not cry against you to the LORD and it become sin in you. "Fathers shall not be put to death for their sons, nor shall sons be put to death for their fathers; everyone shall be put to death for his own sin. "You shall not pervert the justice due an alien or an orphan, nor take a widow's garment in pledge.
"Now therefore, come, make a bargain with my master the king of Assyria, and I will give you two thousand horses, if you are able on your part to set riders on them.
"For you have taken pledges of your brothers without cause, And stripped men naked.
"They drive away the donkeys of the orphans; They take the widow's ox for a pledge.
"Others snatch the orphan from the breast, And against the poor they take a pledge.
"Now therefore, come make a bargain with my master the king of Assyria, and I will give you two thousand horses, if you are able on your part to set riders on them.
"On garments taken as pledges they stretch out beside every altar, And in the house of their God they drink the wine of those who have been fined.
Smith
Pledge.
[LOAN]
See Loan