Reference: Silver
American
One of the precious metals and the one most commonly used as coin among all nations. It is first mentioned in Scripture in the history of Abraham, Ge 13:2; 20:16; 23:16, and was used in constricting the tabernacle, Ex 26:19,32, and afterwards the temple, 1Ch 29:4. In employing it as a medium of trade, the ancient Hebrews weighed it out, instead of having coins. In the times of the New Testament there were coins. See SHEKEL, and MONEY.
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Now, Abram, was very rich, - in cattle, in silver and in gold.
And to Sarah, he said, Lo! I have given a thousand of silver unto thy brother: Lo! that is for thee as a covering of eyes, to all who are with thee, - And so in every way, hath right been done.
And Abraham hearkened unto Ephron, and Abraham weighed out to Ephron the silver of which he had spoken in the ears of the sons of Heth, - four hundred shekels of silver, current with the merchant,
And forty sockets of silver, shalt thou make under the twenty boards, - two sockets under the one board for its two tenons, and two sockets, under the next board, for its two tenons.
and thou shalt hang it upon four pillars of acacia overlaid with gold, with their hooks of gold, - upon four sockets of silver,
three thousand talents of gold, of the gold of Ophir, - and seven thousand talents of refined silver, for overlaying the walls of the recesses.
Easton
used for a great variety of purposes, as may be judged from the frequent references to it in Scripture. It first appears in commerce in Ge 13:2; 23:15-16. It was largely employed for making vessels for the sanctuary in the wilderness (Ex 26:19; 27:17; Nu 7:13,19; 10:2). There is no record of its having been found in Syria or Palestine. It was brought in large quantities by foreign merchants from abroad, from Spain and India and other countries probably.
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Now, Abram, was very rich, - in cattle, in silver and in gold.
My lord, hear me, - Land worth four hundred shekels of silver - betwixt me and thee, what is that? And thy dead., bur. thou. And Abraham hearkened unto Ephron, and Abraham weighed out to Ephron the silver of which he had spoken in the ears of the sons of Heth, - four hundred shekels of silver, current with the merchant,
And forty sockets of silver, shalt thou make under the twenty boards, - two sockets under the one board for its two tenons, and two sockets, under the next board, for its two tenons.
All the pillars of the court round about, to be joined with cross-rods of silver, and their hooks of silver, - and their sockets of bronze,
and his offering, was - one charger of silver, a hundred and thirty shekels, the weight thereof, one tossing bowl of silver, seventy shekels by the shekel of the sanctuary, - both of them, full of fine meal overflowed with oil for a meal-offering;
He offered as his oblation - one charger of silver, a hundred and thirty shekels, the weight thereof, one tossing bowl of silver, seventy shekels by the shekel of the sanctuary, - both of them, full of fine meal overflowed with oil as a meal-offering;
Make thee two trumpets of silver, of beaten work, shalt thou make them, - and they shall be unto thee for calling the assembly, and for setting forward the camps.
Fausets
Hebrew keceph, Greek arguros. The only one of the four metals, gold, silver, brass, and iron, not mentioned until after the deluge. Abraham paid Ephron for the cave of Machpelah "400 shekels of silver, current money with the merchant" (Ge 23:16). By this time it had become a recognized standard of value and medium of exchange. It probably was not coined, but bars of silver were probably formed in conventional shapes and marked with some sign to note their weight. The thousand ("pieces" is not in the Hebrew) of silver given by Abimelech to Abraham probably indicate the value of the "sheep and oxen," etc., which he gave (Ge 20:14-16). (See MONEY.) Silver was brought to Solomon in lavish abundance from Arabia and Tarshish (in plates like the Cingalese sacred writing tablets). 2Ch 9:14,21; 1Ki 10:21-27. Idols were generally wood inside, plated over with silver (Jer 10:9; Isa 30:22; 40:19; Ho 13:2; Hab 2:19).
It was used for women's ornaments, Ge 24:53; cups, Ge 44:2; sockets and chapiters of the pillars of the tabernacle, Ex 26:19; 27:10; 38:17; the two trumpets, Nu 10:2; the temple candlesticks, etc., 1Ch 28:15-17; the model shrines of Diana, Ac 19:24. There being mines ("vein") of silver and "dust of gold" is accurately noted in Job 28:1 (See METALS.) The Lord, with perfect wisdom and love, leaves His people in affliction till, their dross being purified, He sees them reflecting His holy image; just as a "refiner of silver" sits watching the melting silver until he sees his own image reflected, when he knows the silver has been long enough in the furnace and withdraws it (Mal 3:3). (See MINES; LEAD.) Captain Burton's discovery of silver and gold and other metals in great abundance in the land of Midian, as well as the remains of ancient mine workings, remarkably confirms the Scripture account of Midian's wealth in the metals (Nu 31:9,22,50-54; Jg 8:24-26). A forger would never have ascribed this kind of wealth to a nomadic people. (See MIDIAN; PARAN.)
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Then took Abimelech sheep and oxen and men - servants and maid-servants, and gave to Abraham, - and restored to him Sarah his wife. And Abimelech, said, Lo! my land is before thee, - wherever it may seem good in thine eyes, dwell. read more. And to Sarah, he said, Lo! I have given a thousand of silver unto thy brother: Lo! that is for thee as a covering of eyes, to all who are with thee, - And so in every way, hath right been done.
And Abraham hearkened unto Ephron, and Abraham weighed out to Ephron the silver of which he had spoken in the ears of the sons of Heth, - four hundred shekels of silver, current with the merchant,
Then the servant brought forth jewels of silver and jewels of gold and raiment, and gave unto Rebekah, - and precious things, gave he to her brother and to her mother.
and my cup - the cup of silver, shalt thou put in the mouth of the sack of the youngest, with his corn-silver. So he did, according to the word of Joseph, which he had spoken.
And forty sockets of silver, shalt thou make under the twenty boards, - two sockets under the one board for its two tenons, and two sockets, under the next board, for its two tenons.
and the pillars thereof twenty, with their sockets twenty, of bronze, - and the hooks of the pillars and their cross-rods of silver.
And, the sockets for the pillars, were of bronze, the hooks of the pillars and their connecting-rods of silver, - and the overlaying of their capitals, was silver, - and, they themselves, were filleted with silver, even all the pillars of the court,
Make thee two trumpets of silver, of beaten work, shalt thou make them, - and they shall be unto thee for calling the assembly, and for setting forward the camps.
And the sons of Israel took captive the women of Midian and their little ones, - all their cattle also and all their flocks and all their substance, carried they off as a prey;
Therefore have we brought near an offering unto Yahweh, what, each man, hath found - articles of gold, ankle chains and bracelets, rings earrings and buckles, - to put a propitiatory-covering over our souls before Yahweh. So Moses, and Eleazar the priest took the gold of them, - all the wrought articles. read more. And all the gold of the heave-offering which they offered up unto Yahweh, was - sixteen thousand seven hundred and fifty shekels, - of the princes of thousands, and of the princes of hundreds. The men of the host, had taken prey, each man for himself. So then Moses and Eleazar the priest took the gold of the princes of thousands, and hundreds, - and brought it into the tent of meeting, as a memorial for the sons of Israel before Yahweh.
And Gideon said unto them - I would make to you a request, Give me, then, every man the nose-ring of his spoil. For they had, nose-rings of gold, for, Ishmaelites, they were. And they said, We will, freely give. So they spread out a mantle, and cast therein, every man the nose-ring of his spoil. read more. And so it was, that the weight of the nose-rings of gold which he requested, was a thousand and seven hundred shekels of gold, - besides the crescents, and the pendants, and the raiment of purple that were upon the kings of Midian, and besides the ornaments that were on the necks of their camels.
and a weight, for the lampstands of gold, and their lamps of gold, by the weight of each several lampstand, and the lamps thereof, - and for the lampstands of silver by weight, for each lampstand and the lamps thereof, according to the service of each several lampstand. And the gold gave he by weight for the tables for setting in array, for each several table, - and silver, for the tables of silver; read more. and the fleshhooks and the bowls and the cups, pure gold, - and for the goblets of gold, by weight for each several goblet, and for the goblets of silver, by weight for each several goblet;
besides what came in from the subjugated, and what the travelling merchants were bringing in, - and, all the kings of Arabia and the pashas of the land, were bringing gold and silver, unto Solomon.
For, the ships of the king, used to go to Tarshish, with the servants of Huram, - once in three years, came in the ships of Tarshish, bearing gold and silver, ivory and apes, and peacocks.
Though there is, for silver, a vein, and a place for the gold they refine;
Then will ye defile - The overlaying of thy graven images of silver, And the coating of thy molten image, of gold, - Thou wilt cash them away, as a woman the token of her sickness, Begone! shalt thou say thereto,
The image, hath been cast by an artificer, And a goldsmith, with gold, overlayeth it, - And, chains of silver, he worketh.
Silver spread into plates, from Tarshish is brought, And gold, from Uphaz, Work for the craftsman and for the hands of the smith, - Blue and purple, is their clothing, Work for the skilled, are they all.
Now, therefore they go on to sin, and have made them a Molten Thing out of their silver, after the notion of idols, the workmanship of craftsmen, all of it! Of them, are they saying - Ye sacrificers of men! The Great Calf, shall ye surely kiss!
Alas! for him who saith to wood, Awake, bestir thee! to a silent stone, he, shall teach! Though he is overlaid with gold and silver, yet, no spirit whatsoever, is in him!
Therefore will he sit as a refiner and purifier of silver, and will purify the sons of Levi, and will smelt them, as gold and as silver; so shall they belong to Yahweh, offering a gift in righteousness.
For, one Demetrius by name, a silversmith, making silvershrines, of Diana, used to bring unto the craftsmen no little business;
Hastings
Morish
This was a source of wealth from early days. Abraham was rich in silver, Ge 13:2; but with Solomon gold was so plentiful that silver was 'nothing accounted of.' 1Ki 10:21. The silver and gold which he had amassed were, alas, afterwards carried away to enrich their enemies because of the sins of Israel. 2Ch 12:9. Silver was also the common specie of commerce, 'pieces of silver' being weighed long before money was coined. Ge 23:16. Silver was used for the sockets, hooks, etc., in the tabernacle, the money paid for the redemption of the Israelites being applied to this purpose. Ex 30:11-16; 38:25-28. The house of God is founded on redemption. Ex 36:24-36; 38:10-17.
Silver is found in the earth (Job 28:1), and before it can be compared to 'the words of the Lord' it must be purified seven times. Ps 12:6; Pr 25:4.
THE SILVER CORD in Ec 12:6 seems to refer to 'the thread of life,' which is loosed, or removed, when death ensues.
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Now, Abram, was very rich, - in cattle, in silver and in gold.
And Abraham hearkened unto Ephron, and Abraham weighed out to Ephron the silver of which he had spoken in the ears of the sons of Heth, - four hundred shekels of silver, current with the merchant,
Then spake Yahweh unto Moses, saying - When thou takest the sum of the sons of Israel, by their numberings, then shall they give every man a propitiatory-covering for his soul to Yahweh, when they are numbered, - that there may be among them no plague when they are numbered. read more. This, shall they give - every one that passeth over to them that have been numbered - a half-shekel by the shekel of the sanctuary, - the shekel is twenty gerahs - the half-shekel, shalt be a heave-offering to Yahweh. All who pass over to the numbered, from twenty years old and upwards, shall give the heave-offering of Yahweh. The rich, shall not give more, and the poor, shall not give less, than the half-shekel, - when they give the heave-offering of Yahweh, to put a propitiatory-covering over your souls. So then thou shalt take the silver for the propitiatory-coverings from the sons of Israel, and shalt expend it upon the service of the tent of meeting, - thus shall it be for the sons of Israel as a memorial before Yahweh, to put a propitiatory-covering over your souls.
and, forty sockets of silver, made he, under the twenty boards, two sockets, under the first board, for its two tenons, and, two sockets, under the next board for its two tenons. And for the second side of the habitation to the north quarter, made he twenty boards; read more. and their forty sockets of silver, two sockets, under the first board, and, two sockets, under the next board. And, for the hinder part of the habitation westward, made he six boards; and two boards, made he for the corners of the habitation, - in the hinderpart. Thus were they to be double beneath, and at the same time, should they be entire, at the top thereof, into each ring, thus, did he for them both, for the two corners. Thus were there to be eight boards, and, their sockets of silver, were sixteen sockets, two sockets apiece under each board. And he made bars of acacia wood, - five, for the boards of the first side of the habitation, and five bars, for the boards of the other side of the habitation, and, five bars, for the boards of the habitation at the hinderpart westward. And he made the middle bar, - to run along in the midst of the boards, from end to end. And the boards, overlaid he with gold and their rings, made he of gold, as receptacles for the bars, and he overlaid the bars with gold. And he made the veil, of blue and purple and crimson and fine-twined linen, - of the work of a skilful weaver, made he it, with cherubim. And he made for it four pillars of acacia, and overlaid them with gold their hooks of gold, and cast for them, four sockets of silver.
their pillars, twenty, and their sockets twenty, of bronze, - the hooks of the pillars and their connecting-rods, of silver: and, on the north side, a hundred cubits, their pillars, twenty, and, their sockets twenty, of bronze, - the hooks of the pillars and their connecting-rods, of silver. read more. And on the west side, hangings, fifty cubits, their pillars, ten, and, their sockets, ten, - and, the hooks of the pillars and their connecting-rods, of silver. And on the east side towards the dawn, fifty cubits: hangings, fifteen cubits, for the side-piece, - their pillars, three, and, their sockets three; and, for the second sidepiece on this side and on that of the gate of the court, hangings, fifteen cubits, - their pillars three, and their sockets, three. All the hangings of the court round about were of fine twined linen. And, the sockets for the pillars, were of bronze, the hooks of the pillars and their connecting-rods of silver, - and the overlaying of their capitals, was silver, - and, they themselves, were filleted with silver, even all the pillars of the court,
And, the silver of them who were numbered of the assembly, was one hundred talents, - and one thousand, seven hundred and seventy-five shekels by the shekel of the sanctuary; a bekah per head, that is a half shekel, by the shekel of the sanctuary, for all that passed over to them who had been numbered, from twenty years old and upwards, for six hundred and three thousand, and five hundred and fifty. read more. And it came to pass that the hundred talents of silver were used for casting the sockets of the sanctuary, and the sockets of the veil, - one hundred sockets with the hundred talents a talent for a socket. And with the thousand, seven hundred and seventy-five, made the hooks for the pillars, - and overlaid their capitals and united them with connecting-rods.
And, all the drinking vessels of King Solomon, were of gold, and, all the vessels of the house of the forest of Lebanon, were of pure gold, - none was of silver, it was accounted in the days of Solomon, as nothing.
So Shishak king of Egypt came up against Jerusalem, and took the treasures of the house of Yahweh, and the treasures of the house of the king, the whole, he took, - and he took the bucklers of gold, which Solomon had made.
Though there is, for silver, a vein, and a place for the gold they refine;
The words of Yahweh, are words, that are pure, silver refined in a crucible of earth, purified seven times!
Remove the dross from the silver, and there cometh forth, to the refiner, a vessel:
Or ever the silver cord be loosed, or the golden bowl be broken, - or the bucket by the fountain be shivered, or the wheel at the well be broken;
Smith
Silver.
In very early times silver was used for ornaments,
and for vessels of various kinds. Images for idolatrous worship were made of silver or overlaid with it,
; Habb 2:19 Bar. 6:39, and the manufacture of silver shrines for Diana was a trade in Ephesus.
But its chief use was as a medium of exchange, and throughout the Old Testament we find "silver" used for money, like the French argent. Silver was brought to Solomon from Arabia,
and from Tarshish,
which supplied the markets of Tyre.
From Tarshish it came int he form of plates,
like those on which the sacred books of the Singhalese are written to this day. Spain appears to have been the chief source whence silver was obtained by the ancients. Possibly the hills of Palestine may have afforded some supply of this metal. Silvers mixed with alloy is referred to in
and a finer kind, either purer in itself or more thoroughly purified, is mentioned in
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Then the servant brought forth jewels of silver and jewels of gold and raiment, and gave unto Rebekah, - and precious things, gave he to her brother and to her mother.
Ye shall not make aught beside me, - neither gods of silver, nor gods of gold, shall ye make to yourselves.
besides what came in from the subjugated, and what the travelling merchants were bringing in, - and, all the kings of Arabia and the pashas of the land, were bringing gold and silver, unto Solomon.
For, the ships of the king, used to go to Tarshish, with the servants of Huram, - once in three years, came in the ships of Tarshish, bearing gold and silver, ivory and apes, and peacocks.
Rejected silver, are they called, For, Yahweh, hath rejected them.
Silver spread into plates, from Tarshish is brought, And gold, from Uphaz, Work for the craftsman and for the hands of the smith, - Blue and purple, is their clothing, Work for the skilled, are they all.
Tarshish was a trader of thine. For the abundance of all wealth, - With silver iron. tin and lead, Took they part in thy traffic:
Now, therefore they go on to sin, and have made them a Molten Thing out of their silver, after the notion of idols, the workmanship of craftsmen, all of it! Of them, are they saying - Ye sacrificers of men! The Great Calf, shall ye surely kiss!
For, one Demetrius by name, a silversmith, making silvershrines, of Diana, used to bring unto the craftsmen no little business;
Watsons
SILVER, ????, Ge 20:16; ????????, 1Pe 1:15; Ac 3:4; 20:33; a well known metal, of a white shining colour; next in value to gold. It does not appear to have been in use before the deluge; at least Moses says nothing of it; he speaks only of the metals brass and iron, Ge 4:26. But in Abraham's time it was become common, and traffic was carried on with it, Ge 23:2,15. Yet it was not then coined, but was only in bars or ingots; and in commerce was always weighed.
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And to Seth - to him also, was born a son, and he called his name Enosh, - then, was a beginning made, to call on the name of Yahweh.
And to Sarah, he said, Lo! I have given a thousand of silver unto thy brother: Lo! that is for thee as a covering of eyes, to all who are with thee, - And so in every way, hath right been done.
And Sarah died in Kiriath-arba, the same, is Hebron in the land of Canaan, - and Abraham went in to wail for Sarah and to weep for her.
My lord, hear me, - Land worth four hundred shekels of silver - betwixt me and thee, what is that? And thy dead., bur. thou.
But Peter looking steadfastly at him - with John - said: Look on us!
The silver or gold or apparel of no one, did I covet:
But, according as he that hath called you is holy, do, ye yourselves, also become, holy in all manner of behaviour, -