Reference: Debtor
American
One under obligations, whether pecuniary or moral, Mt 23:16; Ro 1:14; Ga 5:3. If the house, cattle, or goods of a Hebrew would not meet his debts, his land might be appropriate for this purpose until the year of Jubilee, or his person might be reduced into servitude till he had paid his debt by his labor, or till the year of Jubilee, which terminated Hebrew bondage in all cases, Le 25:29-41; 2Ki 4:1; Ne 5:3-5.
See Verses Found in Dictionary
"'If a man sell a dwelling house in a walled city, he may buy it out again any time within a whole year after it is sold: and that shall be the space in which he may redeem it again. But and if it be not bought out again within the space of a full year, then the house in the walled city shall be established forever unto him that bought it and to his successors after him and shall not go out in the trumpet year. read more. But the houses in villages which have no walls round about them, shall be counted like unto the fields of the country, and may be bought out again at any season, and shall go out free in the trumpet year. Notwithstanding, the cities of the Levites and the houses in the cities of their possessions the Levites may redeem at all seasons. And if a man purchase ought of the Levites: whether it be house or city that they possess, the bargain shall go out in the trumpet year for the houses of the cities of the Levites, are their possessions among the children of Israel. But the fields that lie round about their cities, shall not be bought: for they are their possessions forever. "'If thy brother be waxed poor and fallen in decay with thee, receive him as a stranger or a sojourner, and let him live by thee. And thou shalt take none usury of him, nor yet vantage. But shalt fear thy God, that thy brother may live with thee. Thou shalt not lend him thy money upon usury, nor lend him of thy food to have advantage by it; for I am the LORD your God which brought you out of the land of Egypt, to give you the land of Canaan and to be your God. "'If thy brother that dwelleth by thee wax poor and sell himself unto thee, thou shalt not let him labour as a bondservant doeth: but as a hired servant and as a sojourner he shall be with thee, and shall serve thee unto the trumpet year, and then shall he depart from thee: both he and his children with him, and shall return unto his own kindred again and unto the possessions of his fathers;
Some said, "Let us set our lands, vineyards, and houses, to pledge, and take up corn in the dearth." But some said, "Let us borrow money of the king's tribute for our lands and vineyards. read more. Now are our brethrens' bodies as our own bodies and their children as our children: else should we subdue our sons and daughters into bondage, and some of our daughters are subdued already, and no strength is there in our hands, and other men shall have our lands and vineyards."
Woe be unto you, blind guides, for ye which say, 'Whosoever swear by the temple, it is nothing: but whosoever swear by the gold of the temple, he offendeth.'
For I am debtor both to the Greeks, and to them which are no Greeks, unto the learned and also unto the unlearned.
I testify again to every man which is circumcised that he is bound to keep the whole law.
Easton
Various regulations as to the relation between debtor and creditor are laid down in the Scriptures.
(1.) The debtor was to deliver up as a pledge to the creditor what he could most easily dispense with (De 24:10-11).
(2.) A mill, or millstone, or upper garment, when given as a pledge, could not be kept over night (Ex 22:26-27).
(3.) A debt could not be exacted during the Sabbatic year (De 15:1-15).
For other laws bearing on this relation see Le 25:14,32,39; Mt 18:25,34.
(4.) A surety was liable in the same way as the original debtor (Pr 11:15; 17:18).
See Verses Found in Dictionary
If thou take thy neighbor's raiment to pledge, see that thou deliver it unto him again by that the sun go down. For that is his coverlet only: even the raiment for his skin wherein he sleepeth: or else he will cry unto me and I will hear him, for I am merciful.
"'When thou sellest ought unto thy neighbour or buyest of thy neighbour's hand, ye shall not oppress one another:
Notwithstanding, the cities of the Levites and the houses in the cities of their possessions the Levites may redeem at all seasons.
"'If thy brother that dwelleth by thee wax poor and sell himself unto thee, thou shalt not let him labour as a bondservant doeth:
At the end of seven years thou shalt make a free year. And this is the manner of the free year: whosoever lendeth ought with his hand unto his neighbour, may not ask again that which he hath lent, of his neighbour or of his brother: because it is called the LORD's free year, read more. yet of a stranger thou mayest call it home again. But that which thou hast with thy brother thine hand shall remit, and that in any wise, that there be no beggar among you. For the LORD shall bless the land which the LORD thy God giveth thee, an inheritance, to possess it: so that thou hearken unto the voice of the LORD thy God, to observe and do all these commandments which I command you this day. Yea, and then the LORD thy God shall bless thee as he hath promised thee, and thou shalt lend unto many nations, and shalt borrow of no man, and shalt reign over many nations, but none shall reign over thee. When one of thy brethren among you is waxed poor in any of thy cities within thy land which the LORD thy God giveth thee, see that thou harden not thine heart nor shut to thine hand from thy poor brother: But open thine hand unto him and lend him sufficient for his need which he hath. And beware that there be not a point of Belial in thine heart, that thou wouldest say, 'The seventh year, the year of freedom is at hand,' and therefore it grieve thee to look on thy poor brother and givest him nought and he then cry unto the LORD against thee and it be sin unto thee. But give him, and let it not grieve thine heart to give. Because that for that thing, the LORD thy God shall bless thee in all thy works and in all that thou puttest thine hand to. For the land shall never be without poor. Wherefore I command thee, saying, 'Open thine hand unto thy brother that is needy and poor in thy land.' If thy brother, an Hebrew, sell himself to thee, or an Hebrewess, he shall serve thee six years and the seventh year thou shalt let him go free from thee. And when thou sendest him out free from thee, thou shalt not let him go away empty: but shalt give him of thy sheep and of thy corn and of thy wine, and give him of that wherewith the LORD thy God hath blessed thee. And remember that thou wast a servant in the land of Egypt, and the LORD thy God delivered thee thence: wherefore I command thee this thing today.
If thou lend thy brother any manner succour, thou shalt not go into his house to fetch a pledge: but shalt stand without and the man to whom thou lendest, shall bring thee the pledge out at the door.
He that is surety for a stranger, hurteth himself; but he that meddleth not with suretyship, is sure.
Whoso promiseth by the hand, and is surety for another; he is a fool.
Whom, because he had nought to pay, his Master commanded him to be sold: and his wife, and his children, and all that he had; and payment to be made.
And his Lord was wroth, and delivered him to the jailers, till he should pay all that was due to him.
Smith
Debtor.
[LOAN]
See Loan