Reference: Guard
Easton
(1.) Heb tabbah (properly a "cook," and in a secondary sense "executioner," because this office fell to the lot of the cook in Eastern countries), the bodyguard of the kings of Egypt (Ge 37:36) and Babylon (2Ki 25:8; Jer 40:1; Da 2:14).
(2.) Heb rats, properly a "courier," one whose office was to run before the king's chariot (2Sa 15:1; 1Ki 1:5). The couriers were also military guards (1Sa 22:17; 2Ki 10:25). They were probably the same who under David were called Pelethites (1Ki 14:27; 2Sa 15:1).
(3.) Heb mishmereth, one who watches (Ne 4:22), or a watch-station (Ne 7:3; 12:9; Job 7:12).
In the New Testament (Mr 6:27) the Authorized Version renders the Greek spekulator by "executioner," earlier English versions by "hangman," the Revised Version by "soldier of his guard." The word properly means a "pikeman" or "halberdier," of whom the bodyguard of kings and princes was composed. In Mt 27:65-66; 28:11, the Authorized Version renders the Greek kustodia by "watch," and the Revised Version by "guard," the Roman guard, which consisted of four soldiers, who were relieved every three hours (Ac 12:4). The "captain of the guard" mentioned Ac 28:16 was the commander of the Praetorian troops, whose duty it was to receive and take charge of all prisoners from the provinces.
See Verses Found in Dictionary
And the Midianites [and Ishmaelites] sold [Joseph] in Egypt to Potiphar, an officer of Pharaoh and the captain and chief executioner of the [royal] guard.
And the king said to the guard that stood about him, Turn and slay the Lord's priests, because their hand also is with David and because they knew that he fled and did not disclose it to me. But the servants of the king would not put forth their hands against the Lord's priests.
King Rehoboam made in their stead bronze shields and committed them to the hands of the captains of the guard who kept the door of the king's house.
On the seventh day of the fifth month of the nineteenth year of King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon, Nebuzaradan, captain of the Babylonian king's guard, came to Jerusalem.
At that time also I said to the people, Let everyone with his servant lodge within Jerusalem, that at night they may be a guard to us and a laborer during the day.
I said to them, Let not the gates of Jerusalem be opened until the sun is hot; and while the watchmen are still on guard, let them shut and bar the doors. Appoint guards from the people of Jerusalem, each to his watch [on the wall] and each opposite his own house.
Am I the sea, or the sea monster, that You set a watch over me?
The word that came to Jeremiah from the Lord after Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard had let him go from Ramah, when he had taken him bound in chains among all who were carried away captive from Jerusalem and Judah, who were taken as exiles to Babylon.
Then Daniel returned an answer which was full of prudence and wisdom to Arioch the captain or executioner of the king's guard, who had gone forth to slay the wise men of Babylon.
Pilate said to them, You have a guard [of soldiers; take them and] go, make it as secure as you can. So they went off and made the tomb secure by sealing the boulder, a guard of soldiers being with them and remaining to watch.
While they were on their way, behold, some of the guards went into the city and reported to the chief priests everything that had occurred.
And immediately the king sent off one [of the soldiers] of his bodyguard and gave him orders to bring [John's] head. He went and beheaded him in the prison
And when he had seized [Peter], he put him in prison and delivered him to four squads of soldiers of four each to guard him, purposing after the Passover to bring him forth to the people.
Fausets
tabbach. The king's executioner, literally, cook (Ge 37:36, margrin; 2Ki 25:8; Da 2:14). Rats ("the runner") who carried dispatches (2Ch 30:6), and also acted as military guard to the Jewish kings (2Sa 15:1). Mishmereth ("watchmen") (Ne 4:9,22).
See Verses Found in Dictionary
And the Midianites [and Ishmaelites] sold [Joseph] in Egypt to Potiphar, an officer of Pharaoh and the captain and chief executioner of the [royal] guard.
On the seventh day of the fifth month of the nineteenth year of King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon, Nebuzaradan, captain of the Babylonian king's guard, came to Jerusalem.
So the posts went with the letters from the king and his princes throughout all Israel and Judah, as the king commanded, saying, O Israelites, return to the Lord, the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, that He may return to those left of you who escaped out of the hands of the kings of Assyria.
But because of them we made our prayer to our God and set a watch against them day and night.
At that time also I said to the people, Let everyone with his servant lodge within Jerusalem, that at night they may be a guard to us and a laborer during the day.
Morish
1. mishmaath, from 'obedience,' a body-guard. 2Sa 23:23; 1Ch 11:25.
2. mishmar, a place where watch was kept. Ne 4:22-23; Eze 38:7.
3. ruts, 'to run,' runners, state couriers, who published edicts in the provinces, some of which would always be with the king. 1Ki 14:27-28; 2Ki 10:25; 11:4-19; 2Ch 12:10-11.
4. tabbach, slaughterer, executioner, attached to the body-guard of the king Ge 37:36; Da 2:14. This Hebrew word occurs in every other passage where the word 'guard' occurs.
See Verses Found in Dictionary
And the Midianites [and Ishmaelites] sold [Joseph] in Egypt to Potiphar, an officer of Pharaoh and the captain and chief executioner of the [royal] guard.
He was more renowned than the Thirty, but he attained not to the [first] Three. David set him over his guard or council.
King Rehoboam made in their stead bronze shields and committed them to the hands of the captains of the guard who kept the door of the king's house. And as often as the king went into the house of the Lord, the guards bore them and brought them back into the guardroom.
At that time also I said to the people, Let everyone with his servant lodge within Jerusalem, that at night they may be a guard to us and a laborer during the day. So none of us -- "I, my kinsmen, my servants, nor the men of the guard who followed me -- "took off our clothes; each kept his weapon [in his hand for days].
You [Gog] be prepared; yes, prepare yourself, you and all your companies that are assembled about you, and you be a guard and a commander for them.