Reference: South
Easton
Heb Negeb, that arid district to the south of Palestine through which lay the caravan route from Central Palestine to Egypt (Ge 12:9; 3/1/type/j2000'>13:1,3; 46:1-6). "The Negeb comprised a considerable but irregularly-shaped tract of country, its main portion stretching from the mountains and lowlands of Judah in the north to the mountains of Azazemeh in the south, and from the Dead Sea and southern Ghoron the east to the Mediterranean on the west." In Eze 20:46 (21:1 in Heb) three different Hebrew words are all rendered "south." (1) "Set thy face toward the south" (Teman, the region on the right, 1Sa 31:13); (2) "Drop thy word toward the south" (Negeb, the region of dryness, Jos 15:4); (3) "Prophesy against the forest of the south field" (Darom, the region of brightness, De 33:23). In Job 37:9 the word "south" is literally "chamber," used here in the sense of treasury (comp. Job 38:22; Ps 135:7). This verse is rendered in the Revised Version "out of the chamber of the south."
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And Abram journeyed, going on still toward the Negev (south desert).
Thus Abram went up out of Egypt, he and his wife and all that he had and Lot with him into the Negev.
And he retraced his journeys from the side of the Negev even to Bethel, unto the place where his tent had been at the beginning, between Bethel and Hai,
And Israel took his journey with all that he had and came to Beersheba and offered sacrifices unto the God of his father Isaac. And God spoke unto Israel in visions of the night and said, Jacob, Jacob. And he said, Here am I. read more. And he said, I am the God, the God of thy father; fear not to go down into Egypt; for there I will make of thee a great people. I will go down with thee into Egypt; and I will also surely bring thee up again; and Joseph shall put his hand upon thine eyes. And Jacob rose up from Beersheba, and the sons of Israel took Jacob their father and their little ones and their wives in the wagons which Pharaoh had sent to carry him. And they took their cattle and their goods which they had gotten in the land of Canaan and came into Egypt, Jacob and all his seed with him,
And to Naphtali he said, Naphtali, filled with grace and full of the blessing of the LORD, shall inherit the west and the Negev.
from there it passed toward Azmon and went out unto the river of Egypt, and this border goes out to the western sea. This shall be your border of the Negev.
And they took their bones and buried them under a tree at Jabesh and fasted seven days.
Out of the south comes the whirlwind and cold out of the north wind.
Hast thou entered into the treasures of the snow, and hast thou seen the treasures of the hail,
He who causes the clouds to ascend from the ends of the earth, made the lightnings in the rain; he who brings the winds out of his treasuries.
Son of man, set thy face toward the south and drop thy word toward the south, and prophesy against the forest of the south field;
Fausets
The designation of a large district of Judah; the Negeb. (See JUDAH; PALESTINE.) Palmer (Desert of Exodus) notices how accurately Jer 13:19 has been fulfilled, "the cities of the South shall be shut up, and none shall open them." Walls of solid masonry remain; fields and gardens surrounded with goodly walls, every sign of human industry, remains of wells, aqueducts, reservoirs; mountain forts to resist forays of the sons of the desert; desolated gardens, terraced hill sides, and wadies dammed to resist the torrent; ancient towns still called by their names, but no living being, except the lizard and screech owl, amidst the crumbling walls. In Jg 1:16 it is called "the wilderness of Judah South of Arad"; a strip of hilly country, running from the Dead Sea westward across Palestine, obliquely to the S.W. This tract is separated from the hills of Judaea or the mountains of Hebron by the broad plain of Beersheba (wady el Malih, "the valley of Salt") extending from the Dead Sea westward or S.W. to the land of Gerar.
The cities were 29 (Jos 15:21-32); some of the names are not of distinct cities, but compound names. The land is now at rest, enjoying its Sabbath, because it did not rest in the Jews' Sabbaths (Le 26:34-35,43). Besides the application of "the Negeb" to the whole district there are ethnological and geographical subdivisions; the Negeb of the Cherethites, the Negeb of the Kenites, the Negeb of Judah the Negeb of Arad, the Negeb of Jerahmeel. The Negeb of Caleb was a subdivision of, or identical with, the Negeb of Judah, as appears from 1Sa 30:14,16; 25:2-3; compare with Jos 21:11-12).
The low country N. and W. of Beersheba was the Negeb of the Cherethites. The Negeb of Judah was South of Hebron in the outposts of Judah's hills; Tel Zif, Main, and Kurmul (Carmel), ruined cities, mark the Negeb of Caleb. Tel Arad marks the Negeb of the Kenites reaching to the S.W. of the Dead Sea. The Negeb of Jerahmeel lay between wady Rukhmeh (corruption of Jerahmeel) in the N., and wadies el Abaydh, Marreh, and Madarah, in the South. The Amalekites (in Nu 14:25) dwelt in the valley and yet "in the hill," for their land was a plateau, the sense of sadeh "country" in Ge 14:7; compare 1Sa 27:8. Some lived in the hills, others in the fertile lower level to which the wadies debouch; so now the Azazimeh.
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And they returned and came to Enmishpat, which is Kadesh, and smote all the works of the Amalekites and also the Amorites that dwelt in Hazezontamar.
Then shall the land rest for her sabbaths all the days that it lies desolate, while you are in your enemies' land; even then shall the land rest and enjoy her sabbaths. All the time that it shall be desolate, it shall rest that which it did not rest in your sabbaths when ye dwelt upon it.
That the land shall be without them and shall rest her sabbaths, being desolate because of them; and they shall plead because of their iniquity because they despised my rights and their soul abhorred my statutes.
and even the Amalekite and the Canaanite who dwell in the valley. Turn around tomorrow and go into the wilderness by the way of the Red sea.
And these were the cities in the border of the tribe of the sons of Judah towards the border of Edom towards the Negev: Kabzeel, Eder, Jagur, Kinah, Dimonah, Adadah, read more. Kedesh, Hazor, Ithnan, Ziph, Telem, Bealoth, Hazorhadattah, Keriothhezron, which is Hazor, Amam, Shema, Moladah, Hazargaddah, Heshmon, Bethpalet, Hazarshual, Beersheba, Bizjothjah, Baalah, Iim, Azem, Eltolad, Chesil, Hormah, Ziklag, Madmannah, Sansannah, Lebaoth, Shilhim, Ain, Rimmon: twenty-nine cities in all, with their villages.
and they gave them the city of Arba of the father of Anak, which is Hebron, in the mountain of Judah, with its suburbs round about. But the fields of the city and the villages thereof, they gave to Caleb the son of Jephunneh for his possession.
And the sons of the Kenite, Moses' father-in-law, went up out of the city of palm trees with the sons of Judah into the wilderness of Judah which is towards the Negev of Arad; and they went and dwelt among the people.
And there was a man in Maon whose possessions were in Carmel, and the man was very great, and he had three thousand sheep and a thousand goats, and he was shearing his sheep in Carmel. Now the name of the man was Nabal; and the name of his wife Abigail. And she was a woman of good understanding and of a beautiful countenance, but the man was hard and evil in his doings, and he was of the lineage of Caleb.
And David and his men went up and invaded the Geshurites and the Gezrites and the Amalekites, for these had inhabited the land for a long time, from as thou goest unto Shur even unto the land of Egypt.
We made an invasion upon towards the Negev from the Chereth and upon Judah and towards the Negev from Caleb, and we burned Ziklag with fire.
And so he brought him down, and behold, they were spread abroad upon all the earth, eating and drinking, and holding a feast because of all the great spoil that they had taken out of the land of the Philistines and out of the land of Judah.
The cities of the south were shut up, and no one could open them: Judah was carried away captive; all of it, it was completely carried away captive.
Hastings
Morish
In the Bible, as we might expect, the points of the compass are spoken of as they refer to the land of Palestine. The south would therefore indicate the part of the land which contained Judah's and Simeon's portions, or to the district still further south, a country little known. Ge 12:9. It is called negeb in the Hebrew. Two other words are yamin and teman, signifying 'the right hand,' and are translated 'south' because the Israelites considered themselves as looking toward the East when speaking of the points of the compass. 1Sa 23:19,24; Ps 89:12; Jos 12:3; 13:4; Ps 78:26; Isa 43:6. Another word is darom, 'bright, sunny region,' hence 'the south.' De 33:23; Job 37:17; Eze 40:24-45. In the N.T., except in Ac 8:26 (where the word is ?????????, 'mid-day,' because the sun is then in the south: as the Latin meridies, 'mid-day,' also signifies 'south'), the word is ?????, 'the south.' Mt 12:42; etc.
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And Abram journeyed, going on still toward the Negev (south desert).
And to Naphtali he said, Naphtali, filled with grace and full of the blessing of the LORD, shall inherit the west and the Negev.
and from the plain to the sea of Chinneroth on the east and unto the sea of the plain, the salt sea on the east, by the way to Bethjeshimoth, and from the Negev, under Ashdothpisgah.
towards the Negev all the land of the Canaanites and Mearah that is beside those of Sidon unto Aphek to the border of the Amorite;
Then those of Ziph came to Saul to Gibeah, saying, Does not David hide himself with us in strong holds in the woods in the hill of Hachilah, which is on the right hand side of the wilderness?
And they arose and went to Ziph before Saul, but David and his men were in the wilderness of Maon in the plain on the right hand side of the wilderness.
How thy garments are warm, when he quiets the earth by the south wind?
He caused an east wind to blow in the heaven, and by his power he brought in the south wind.
Thou hast created the north and the south; Tabor and Hermon shall sing in thy name.
I will say to the north wind, Give up, and to the south, Do not keep back; bring my sons from far and my daughters from the ends of the earth
After that he brought me toward the south, and behold a gate toward the south; and he measured its portals and its arches according to these measures. And there were windows in it and in its arches round about, like those windows; the length was fifty cubits, and the breadth twenty-five cubits. read more. And there were seven steps to go up to it, and its arches were before them; and it had palm trees, one on this side and another on that side, upon the posts thereof. And thus was the gate in the inner court toward the south; and he measured from gate to gate toward the south one hundred cubits. And he brought me to the inner court by the south gate; and he measured the south gate according to these measures; and its chambers, and its posts and its arches according to these measures; and there were windows in it and in its arches round about; it was fifty cubits long and twenty-five cubits broad. And the arches round about were twenty-five cubits long and five cubits broad. And its arches went into the court outside, with palm trees upon each of its posts; and the going up to it had eight steps. And he brought me into the inner court toward the east; and he measured the gate according to these measures. And its chambers and its posts and its arches were according to these measures; and there were windows therein and in its arches round about; it was fifty cubits long and twenty-five cubits broad. And its arches went into the court outside, with palm trees upon each of its posts, on this side and on that side; and the going up to it had eight steps. Then he brought me to the north gate and measured it according to these measures; its chambers, its posts and its arches and the windows to it round about: the length was fifty cubits and the breadth twenty-five cubits. And its posts were toward the outer court; with palm trees upon each of its posts, on this side and on that side: and the going up to it had eight steps. And there was a chamber and its gate with posts of portals, there they shall wash the burnt offering. And in the porch of the gate were two tables on this side and two tables on that side, to slay the burnt offering upon and the sin and the guilt. And to the outside of the steps at the entry of the north gate were two tables; and on the other side, which was at the porch of the gate, were two tables. Four tables were on this side, and four tables on that side, by the side of this gate; eight tables, upon which they slew their sacrifices. And the four tables were of hewn stone for the burnt offering, of a cubit and a half long, and a cubit and a half broad, and one cubit high; upon which they also laid the instruments with which they slew the burnt offering and the sacrifice. And within were hooks, a hand broad, fastened round about; and upon the tables was the flesh of the offering. And outside the inner gate were the chambers of the singers in the inner court, which was at the side of the north gate; and they faced toward the south, one at the side of the east gate facing toward the north. And he said unto me, This chamber facing toward the south shall be for the priests, the keepers of the charge of the house.
The queen of the south shall rise up in the judgment with this generation and shall condemn it, for she came from the uttermost parts of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon; and, behold, a greater than Solomon is here.
And the angel of the Lord spoke unto Philip, saying, Arise and go toward the south unto the way that goes down from Jerusalem unto Gaza, which is desert.