Reference: South
Easton
Heb Negeb, that arid district to the south of Palestine through which lay the caravan route from Central Palestine to Egypt (Ge 12:9; 3/1/type/juliasmith'>13:1,3; 46:1-6). "The Negeb comprised a considerable but irregularly-shaped tract of country, its main portion stretching from the mountains and lowlands of Judah in the north to the mountains of Azazemeh in the south, and from the Dead Sea and southern Ghoron the east to the Mediterranean on the west." In Eze 20:46 (21:1 in Heb) three different Hebrew words are all rendered "south." (1) "Set thy face toward the south" (Teman, the region on the right, 1Sa 31:13); (2) "Drop thy word toward the south" (Negeb, the region of dryness, Jos 15:4); (3) "Prophesy against the forest of the south field" (Darom, the region of brightness, De 33:23). In Job 37:9 the word "south" is literally "chamber," used here in the sense of treasury (comp. Job 38:22; Ps 135:7). This verse is rendered in the Revised Version "out of the chamber of the south."
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And Abram will remove, going and removing to the desert
And Abram shall go up from Egypt, he, and his wife, and all that is to him, and Lot with him, to the desert
And Abram shall go his journey from the desert to the house of God to the place which was there his tent in the beginning, between Bethel and between Hai;
And Israel will remove and all which is to him, and he will come to the well of the oath, and he will sacrifice sacrifices to the God of his father Isaak. And God will speak to Israel in a vision of the night, and he will say, Jacob! Jacob! and he will say, Behold me. read more. And he will say, I am God, the God of thy father: thou shalt not fear going down to Egypt; for I will there make thee into a great nation. I will go down with thee to Egypt, and I will raise thee up; and Joseph shall put his hand upon thine eyes And Jacob will rise up from the well of the oath: and the sons of Israel will take up Jacob their father, and their little ones, and their wives, in the wagons which Pharaoh sent to take him. And they will take their cattle and their goods which they acquired in the land of Canaan, and they will come to Egypt, Jacob, and all his seed with him;
And to Naphtali he said, Naphtali satisfied with acceptance, and filled with the blessing of Jehovah, he shall possess the sea and the south.
And it passed through Azmon, and it went out to the torrent of Egypt; and the going forth of the bound was to the sea: this shall be to you the south bound.
And they will take their bones and bury under the tamarisk tree at Jabesh, and they will fast seven days.
From the chamber shall come forth the whirlwind, and cold from the scatterings.
Didst thou come into the treasures of snow? and shalt thou see the treasures of hail,
Causing the liftings up to ascend from the ends of the earth; he made lightnings for the rain; bringing forth the wind from his treasures.
Son of man, set thy face the way of the south, and drop to the south, and prophesy against the forest of the south field.
Fausets
The designation of a large district of Judah; the Negeb. (See JUDAH; PALESTINE.) Palmer (Desert of Exodus) notices how accurately Jer 13:19 has been fulfilled, "the cities of the South shall be shut up, and none shall open them." Walls of solid masonry remain; fields and gardens surrounded with goodly walls, every sign of human industry, remains of wells, aqueducts, reservoirs; mountain forts to resist forays of the sons of the desert; desolated gardens, terraced hill sides, and wadies dammed to resist the torrent; ancient towns still called by their names, but no living being, except the lizard and screech owl, amidst the crumbling walls. In Jg 1:16 it is called "the wilderness of Judah South of Arad"; a strip of hilly country, running from the Dead Sea westward across Palestine, obliquely to the S.W. This tract is separated from the hills of Judaea or the mountains of Hebron by the broad plain of Beersheba (wady el Malih, "the valley of Salt") extending from the Dead Sea westward or S.W. to the land of Gerar.
The cities were 29 (Jos 15:21-32); some of the names are not of distinct cities, but compound names. The land is now at rest, enjoying its Sabbath, because it did not rest in the Jews' Sabbaths (Le 26:34-35,43). Besides the application of "the Negeb" to the whole district there are ethnological and geographical subdivisions; the Negeb of the Cherethites, the Negeb of the Kenites, the Negeb of Judah the Negeb of Arad, the Negeb of Jerahmeel. The Negeb of Caleb was a subdivision of, or identical with, the Negeb of Judah, as appears from 1Sa 30:14,16; 25:2-3; compare with Jos 21:11-12).
The low country N. and W. of Beersheba was the Negeb of the Cherethites. The Negeb of Judah was South of Hebron in the outposts of Judah's hills; Tel Zif, Main, and Kurmul (Carmel), ruined cities, mark the Negeb of Caleb. Tel Arad marks the Negeb of the Kenites reaching to the S.W. of the Dead Sea. The Negeb of Jerahmeel lay between wady Rukhmeh (corruption of Jerahmeel) in the N., and wadies el Abaydh, Marreh, and Madarah, in the South. The Amalekites (in Nu 14:25) dwelt in the valley and yet "in the hill," for their land was a plateau, the sense of sadeh "country" in Ge 14:7; compare 1Sa 27:8. Some lived in the hills, others in the fertile lower level to which the wadies debouch; so now the Azazimeh.
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And they shall turn back and shall come to En-Mishpat; this is Kadesh; and they shall smite all the field of the Amalekites and also of the Amorites dwelling in Hazezon Tamar.
Then shall the land delight with its Sabbaths, all the days of its desolation, and ye in the land of your enemies: then shall the land rest and delight with its Sabbaths. All the days of its desolation shall it rest, which it did not rest in your Sabbaths, in your dwelling upon it
And the land shall be left of them, and shall delight with its Sabbaths in its desolation from them: and they shall be satisfied because of their iniquity, and because they rejected my judgments, and my laws their soul abhorred.
And the Amalekites and the Canaanites will dwell in the valley. Tomorrow turn ye; they shall remove for you into the desert the way of the sea of sedge.
And the cities from the extremity to the tribe of the sons of Judah, to the bound of Edom in the south, will be Kabzeel and Eder, and Jagur, And Kinah and Dinonah and Adadah, read more. And Kedesh and Hazor and Ithnan, Ziph and Telem and Bealoth, And Hazor, Hadattah, and the city of Hezron (this is Hazor), Amam and Shema and Moladah, And Hazor-Gaddah, and Heshmon and the House of Escape, And Hazor-Shual and the Well of the Oath, and Bizjothjah, And Baalah and Iim and Azem, And Eltolad and Chesil and Hormah, And Ziklag and Madmannah, and Sansannah, And Lebaoth and Shilhim and Ain and Rimmon: all the cities twenty and nine and their enclosures:
And they will give to them the fourth city, the father of Anak (it is Hebron) in mount Judah, and the area round about it And the field of the city and its enclosure they gave to Caleb, son of Jephunneh, for his possession.
And the sons of the Kenite, father-in-law of Moses, went up from the city of palm-trees with the sons of Judah to the desert of Judah, which is in the south of Arad; and he went up and dwelt with the people:
And a man in Maon and his work in Carmel; and the man very great, and to him three thousand sheep and a thousand goats: and he will be in shearing his sheep in Carmel. And the name of the man Nabal; and his wife's name Abigail: and the woman good of understanding, and beautiful of form: and the man hard and evil of works; and he as his dog.
And David will go up, and his men, and will plunder against the Geshurites and the Gezrites, and the Amalekites: and behold, the inhabitants of the land which were of old thy going to Shur, and even to the land of Egypt.
We plundered the south of the Cherethite, and upon that to Judah, and upon the south of Caleb; and Ziklag we burnt with fire.
And he will bring him down, and behold them spread out upon the face of all the earth, eating and drinking and keeping a festival, for all the great spoil which they took from the land of the rovers, and from the land of Judah.
The cities of the south were shut up and none opened: Judah was carried away captive, it was all carried away captive, the whole of them.
Hastings
Morish
In the Bible, as we might expect, the points of the compass are spoken of as they refer to the land of Palestine. The south would therefore indicate the part of the land which contained Judah's and Simeon's portions, or to the district still further south, a country little known. Ge 12:9. It is called negeb in the Hebrew. Two other words are yamin and teman, signifying 'the right hand,' and are translated 'south' because the Israelites considered themselves as looking toward the East when speaking of the points of the compass. 1Sa 23:19,24; Ps 89:12; Jos 12:3; 13:4; Ps 78:26; Isa 43:6. Another word is darom, 'bright, sunny region,' hence 'the south.' De 33:23; Job 37:17; Eze 40:24-45. In the N.T., except in Ac 8:26 (where the word is ?????????, 'mid-day,' because the sun is then in the south: as the Latin meridies, 'mid-day,' also signifies 'south'), the word is ?????, 'the south.' Mt 12:42; etc.
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And Abram will remove, going and removing to the desert
And to Naphtali he said, Naphtali satisfied with acceptance, and filled with the blessing of Jehovah, he shall possess the sea and the south.
And the desert even to the sea of Cinneroth from the sunrising, and even to the sea of the desert, the salt sea, from the sunrising, the way of the house of Jeshimoth; and from the south under the ravines of Pisgah:
From the south all the land of the Canaanites, and Mearah which is to the Sidonians, even to Aphek, even to the bound of the Amorite:
And the Ziphites will go up to Saul to the hill, saying, Is not David hiding with us in the fastnesses in the thicket, in the hill of Hachilah, which is from the right of the desert?
And they will rise and go to Ziph before Saul: and David and his men in the desert of Maon, in the sterile region to the right of Jeshimon.
That thy garments are warm in quieting the earth from the south?
He will cause the east wind to go forth in the heavens, and by his strength he will lead the south wind.
The north and the south thou didst create them: Tabor and Hermon shall rejoice in thy name.
Say to the north, Thou shalt give, and to the south thou shalt not withhold: bring in my sons from far off, and my daughters from the extremities of the earth;
And he will cause me to go the way of the south, and behold a gate the way of the south: and he measured its post and its porch according to these measures. And windows to it, and to its porch round about, round about, as those windows: fifty cubits the length, and the breadth, five and twenty cubits. read more. And its going up, seven steps, and its porch before them: and palm trees to it, one from hence, and one from thence, to its post And a gate to the inner enclosure the way of the south: and he will measure from gate to gate the way of the south, a hundred cubits. And he will bring me to the inner enclosure by the gate of the south: and he will measure the gate of the south according to these measures. And its chamber and its projection, and its porch, according to these measures: and windows to its porch round about, round about: fifty cubits the length, and the breadth five and twenty cubits. And the porches round about, round about, the lengthfive and twenty cubits, and the breadth five cubits. And its projections to the enclosure without; and palm trees to its post: and its going up, eight steps. And he will bring me to the inner enclosure the way of the east: and he will measure the gate according to these measures. And its chamber, and its post, and its porch, according to these measures: and windows to it and to its porch round about, round about: the length fifty cubits, and the breadth five and twenty cubits. And its porch to the enclosure without; and palm trees to its post from hence and from thence: and its going up, eight steps. And he will bring me to the gate of the north, and he measured according to these measures; Its chamber, its post, and its porch, and windows to it round about, round about: the length fifty cubits, and the breadth five and twenty cubits. And its post to the court-yard without; and palm trees to its post from hence and from thence: and its going up, eight steps. And the cell and its entrance by the posts of the gates, there they will cleanse the burnt-offering. And in the porch of the gate two tables from hence, and two tables from thence, to slaughter upon them the burnt-offering and the sin and the trespass. And upon the Shoulder from without to the going up to the entrance of the gate of the north, two tables; and upon the other shoulder which was at the porch of the gate, two tables. Four tables from hence, and fear tables from thence, to the side of the gate; eight tables they will slaughter upon them. And the four tables for the burnt-offering, of cut stones, the length, one cubit and a half, and the breadth, one cubit and a half, and the height, one cubit: upon them they placed the instruments which they will slaughter the burnt-offering with them, and the sacrifice. And stalls one hand-breadth set up in the house round about, round about: and upon the tables the flesh of the oblation. And from without to the inner gate, cells placed in order in the inner enclosure which was upon the side of the gate of the north; and their faces the way of the south: one at the side of the gate of the east, the face the way of the north. And he will speak to me, This the cell whose face the way of the south, for the priests watching the watches of the house.
The queen of the South shall be raised up in judgment with this generation, and shall condemn it; for she came from the end of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon; and, behold, a greater than Solomon here.
And a messenger of the Lord spake to Philip, saying, Arise, and go at noon in the way going down from Jerusalem to Gaza, (this is desert.)