'Apart' in the Bible

Paul, a slave of Christ Jesus, called [to be] an apostle, set apart for the gospel of God,

But now, apart from the law, the righteousness of God has been revealed, being testified about by the law and the prophets--

For we consider a person to be justified by faith apart from the works of the law.

just as David also speaks about the blessing of the person to whom God credits righteousness apart from works:

But sin, seizing an opportunity through the commandment, produced in me all [kinds of] covetousness. For apart from the law, sin [is] dead.

And I was alive once, apart from the law, but [when] the commandment came, sin sprang to life