Plucking Grain On The Sabbath
1 Now it came about that on the Sabbath he was going through the fields of grain, and his disciples took the heads of the grain for food, crushing them in their hands.
1 And it came to pass on the second sabbath after the first, that he went through the corn fields; and his disciples plucked the ears of corn, and did eat, rubbing them in their hands.
1 (A)Now it happened that He was passing through some grainfields on a Sabbath; and His disciples (B)were picking the heads of grain, rubbing them in their hands, and eating the grain.
1 On a Sabbath,(a) He passed through the grainfields.(A) His disciples were picking heads of grain, rubbing them in their hands, and eating them.
1 One time Jesus was walking through some grain fields on a Sabbath. His disciples were picking the heads of grain, rubbing them in their hands, and eating them.
2 But some of the Pharisees said, Why do you do what it is not right to do on the Sabbath?
2 And certain of the Pharisees said unto them, Why do ye that which is not lawful to do on the sabbath days?
2 But some of the Pharisees said, “Why are you doing what is not lawful on the Sabbath?”
2 Some of the Pharisees asked, "Why are you doing what isn't lawful on Sabbath days?"
3 And Jesus said, Have you not seen in the Writings what David did when he was in need of food, he, and those who were with him;
3 And Jesus answering them said, Have ye not read so much as this, what David did, when himself was an hungred, and they which were with him;
3 And Jesus answering them said, “Have you not even read (D)what David did when he was hungry, he and those who were with him,
3 Jesus answered them, “Haven’t you read what David and those who were with him did when he was hungry—
3 Jesus answered them, "Haven't you read what David did when he and his companions became hungry?
4 How he went into the house of God and took for food the holy bread, which only the priests may take, and gave it to those who were with him?
4 How he went into the house of God, and did take and eat the shewbread, and gave also to them that were with him; which it is not lawful to eat but for the priests alone?
4 how he entered the house of God, and took and ate the (a)consecrated bread which (E)is not lawful for any to eat except the priests alone, and gave it to his companions?”
4 how he entered the house of God, and took and ate the sacred bread, which is not lawful for any but the priests to eat?(B) He even gave some to those who were with him.”(C)
4 How was it that he went into the house of God, took the Bread of the Presence and ate it, which was not lawful for anyone but the priests to eat, and then gave some of it to his companions?"
5 And he said, The Son of man is lord even of the Sabbath.
5 And he said unto them, That the Son of man is Lord also of the sabbath.
5 And He was saying to them, “The Son of Man is Lord of the Sabbath.”
5 Then He told them, “The Son of Man is Lord of the Sabbath.”
5 Then he told them, "The Son of Man is Lord of the Sabbath."
A Man With A Withered Hand Healed
6 And it came about, on another Sabbath, that he went into the Synagogue and was teaching there. And a man was there whose right hand was dead.
6 And it came to pass also on another sabbath, that he entered into the synagogue and taught: and there was a man whose right hand was withered.
6 (F)On another Sabbath He entered (G)the synagogue and was teaching; and there was a man there (b)whose right hand was withered.
6 On another Sabbath(D) He entered the synagogue and was teaching. A man was there whose right hand was paralyzed.
6 Once, on another Sabbath, Jesus went into a synagogue and began teaching. A man whose right hand was paralyzed was there.
7 And the scribes and Pharisees were watching him to see if he would make him well on the Sabbath, so that they might be able to say something against him.
7 And the scribes and Pharisees watched him, whether he would heal on the sabbath day; that they might find an accusation against him.
7 The scribes and the Pharisees (H)were watching Him closely to see if He healed on the Sabbath, so that they might find reason to accuse Him.
7 The scribes and Pharisees were watching Him closely,(E) to see if He would heal on the Sabbath, so that they could find a charge against Him.(F)
7 The scribes and the Pharisees were watching Jesus closely to see whether he would heal on the Sabbath, in order to find a way of accusing him of doing something wrong.
8 But he had knowledge of their thoughts; and he said to the man whose hand was dead, Get up and come into the middle. And he got up and came forward.
8 But he knew their thoughts, and said to the man which had the withered hand, Rise up, and stand forth in the midst. And he arose and stood forth.
8 But He (I)knew (c)what they were thinking, and He said to the man with the withered hand, “Get up and (d)come forward!” And he got up and (e)came forward.
8 But He knew their thoughts(G) and told the man with the paralyzed hand, “Get up and stand here.”(b) So he got up and stood there.
8 But Jesus knew what they were thinking. So he told the man with the paralyzed hand, "Get up, and stand in the middle of the synagogue." So he got up and stood there.
9 And Jesus said, I put the question to you, Is it right to do good on the Sabbath or to do evil? to give life or to take it away?
9 Then said Jesus unto them, I will ask you one thing; Is it lawful on the sabbath days to do good, or to do evil? to save life, or to destroy it?
9 And Jesus said to them, “I ask you, is it lawful to do good or to do harm on the Sabbath, to save a life or to destroy it?”
9 Then Jesus said to them, “I ask you: Is it lawful on the Sabbath to do what is good or to do what is evil, to save life or to destroy it?”(H)
9 Then Jesus asked them, "I ask you, is it lawful to do good or to do evil on the Sabbath, to save a life or to destroy it?"
10 And looking round on all of them, he said to him, Put out your hand. And he did so: and his hand was made well.
10 And looking round about upon them all, he said unto the man, Stretch forth thy hand. And he did so: and his hand was restored whole as the other.
10 After (J)looking around at them all, He said to him, “Stretch out your hand!” And he did so; and his hand was restored.
10 After looking around at them all,(I) He told him, “Stretch out your hand.”(J) He did so, and his hand was restored.(c)
10 He looked around at all of them and then told the man, "Hold out your hand." The man did so, and his hand was restored to health.
11 But they were full of wrath, and were talking together about what they might do to Jesus.
11 And they were filled with madness; and communed one with another what they might do to Jesus.
11 But they themselves were filled with (f)rage, and discussed together what they might do to Jesus.
11 They, however, were filled with rage and started discussing with one another what they might do to Jesus.
11 The others were furious and began to discuss with each other what they could do to Jesus.
The Selection Of The Twelve Apostles
12 And it came about in those days that he went out to the mountain for prayer; and he was all night in prayer to God.
12 And it came to pass in those days, that he went out into a mountain to pray, and continued all night in prayer to God.
12 It was (g)at this time that He went off to (K)the mountain to (L)pray, and He spent the whole night in prayer to God.
12 Now it was in those days that Jesus went to a mountain to pray, and he spent the whole night in prayer to God.
13 And the day came and, turning to his disciples, he made a selection from among them of twelve, to whom he gave the name of Apostles;
13 And when it was day, he called unto him his disciples: and of them he chose twelve, whom also he named apostles;
13 And when day came, (M)He called His disciples to Him and chose twelve of them, whom He also named as (N)apostles:
13 When daylight came, He summoned His disciples,(L) and He chose 12 of them—He also named them apostles:(M)
13 When daylight came, he called his disciples and chose twelve of them, whom he also called apostles:
14 Simon, to whom he gave the name of Peter, and Andrew, his brother, and James and John and Philip and Bartholomew
14 Simon, (whom he also named Peter,) and Andrew his brother, James and John, Philip and Bartholomew,
14 Simon, whom He also named Peter, and Andrew his brother; and (h)James and John; and Philip and Bartholomew;
14 Simon, whom He also named Peter,and Andrew his brother;James and John;Philip and Bartholomew;
14 Simon (whom he named Peter), his brother Andrew, James, John, Philip, Bartholomew,
16 And Judas, the son of James, and Judas Iscariot, he who was false to him.
16 And Judas the brother of James, and Judas Iscariot, which also was the traitor.
16 Judas the son of James, and Judas Iscariot, who became a traitor.
16 Judas the son of James,and Judas Iscariot, who became a traitor.
16 Judas (the son of James), and Judas Iscariot (who became a traitor).
The Sermon On The Plain: The Beatitudes
17 And he came down with them to a level place, and a great band of his disciples, and a very great number of people from all Judaea and Jerusalem and from the parts of Tyre and Sidon by the sea, came to give hearing to him, and to be made well from their diseases;
17 And he came down with them, and stood in the plain, and the company of his disciples, and a great multitude of people out of all Judaea and Jerusalem, and from the sea coast of Tyre and Sidon, which came to hear him, and to be healed of their diseases;
17 Jesus (P)came down with them and stood on a level place; and there was (Q)a large crowd of His disciples, and a great throng of people from all Judea and Jerusalem and the coastal region of (R)Tyre and Sidon,
17 After coming down with them, He stood on a level place with a large crowd of His disciples and a great number of people from all Judea and Jerusalem and from the seacoast of Tyre and Sidon.(O)
17 Then Jesus came down with them and stood on a level place, along with many of his disciples and a large gathering of people from all over Judea, Jerusalem, and the seacoast of Tyre and Sidon.
18 And those who were troubled with unclean spirits were made well.
18 And they that were vexed with unclean spirits: and they were healed.
18 who had come to hear Him and to be healed of their diseases; and those who were troubled with unclean spirits were being cured.
18 They came to hear Him and to be healed of their diseases; and those tormented by unclean spirits were made well.
18 They had come to hear him and to be healed of their diseases. Even those who were being tormented by unclean spirits were being healed.
19 And all the people were desiring to be touched by him, for power came from him and made them all well.
19 And the whole multitude sought to touch him: for there went virtue out of him, and healed them all.
19 And all the (i)people were trying to (S)touch Him, for (T)power was coming from Him and healing them all.
19 The whole crowd was trying to touch Him,(P) because power was coming out from Him and healing them all.(Q)
19 The entire crowd was trying to touch him, because power was coming out from him and healing all of them.
Happiness And Sorrow
20 And turning his eyes to his disciples he said, Happy are you who are poor: for the kingdom of God is yours.
20 And he lifted up his eyes on his disciples, and said, Blessed be ye poor: for yours is the kingdom of God.
20 And turning His gaze toward His disciples, He began to say, “(U)Blessed are (j)you who are poor, for (V)yours is the kingdom of God.
20 Then looking up at(d) His disciples, He said:(R)You who are poor are blessed,because the kingdom of God is yours.
20 Then Jesus looked at his disciples and said, "How blessed are you who are destitute, because the kingdom of God is yours!
21 Happy are you who are in need of food now: for you will be made full. Happy are you who are weeping now; for you will be glad.
21 Blessed are ye that hunger now: for ye shall be filled. Blessed are ye that weep now: for ye shall laugh.
21 Blessed are (k)you who hunger now, for you shall be satisfied. Blessed are you who weep now, for you shall laugh.
21 You who are now hungry are blessed,because you will be filled.You who now weep are blessed,because you will laugh.
21 How blessed are you who are hungry now, because you will be satisfied! How blessed are you who are crying now, because you will laugh!
22 Happy are you, when men have hate for you, and put you away from among them and say angry words to you, turning away in disgust at your name, because of the Son of man.
22 Blessed are ye, when men shall hate you, and when they shall separate you from their company, and shall reproach you, and cast out your name as evil, for the Son of man's sake.
22 (W)Blessed are you when men hate you, and (X)ostracize you, and insult you, and scorn your name as evil, for the sake of the Son of Man.
22 You are blessed when people hate you,when they exclude you,(S) insult you,and slander your name as evil(T)because of the Son of Man.(U)
22 "How blessed are you whenever people hate you, avoid you, insult you, and slander you because of the Son of Man!
23 Be glad in that day, and be lifted up for joy, for your reward in heaven will be great: for their fathers did these same things to the prophets.
23 Rejoice ye in that day, and leap for joy: for, behold, your reward is great in heaven: for in the like manner did their fathers unto the prophets.
23 Be glad in that day and (Y)leap for joy, for behold, your reward is great in heaven. For (Z)in the same way their fathers used to (l)treat the prophets.
23 “Rejoice in that day and leap for joy! Take note—your reward is great in heaven, for this is the way their ancestors used to treat the prophets.(V)
23 Rejoice in that day and leap for joy, because your reward in heaven is great! That's the way their ancestors used to treat the prophets.
The Sermon On The Plain: Woes
24 But unhappy are you who have wealth: for you have been comforted now.
24 But woe unto you that are rich! for ye have received your consolation.
24 But woe to you who are rich,for you have received your comfort.
24 "But how terrible it will be for you who are rich, because you have had your comfort!
25 Unhappy are you who are full of food now: for you will be in need. Unhappy are you who are laughing now: for you will be crying in sorrow.
25 Woe unto you that are full! for ye shall hunger. Woe unto you that laugh now! for ye shall mourn and weep.
25 Woe to you who (m)are well-fed now, for you shall be hungry. Woe to you who laugh now, for you shall mourn and weep.
25 Woe to you who are now full,for you will be hungry.Woe to you(e) who are now laughing,for you will mourn and weep.
25 How terrible it will be for you who are full now, because you will be hungry! How terrible it will be for you who are laughing now, because you will mourn and cry!
26 Unhappy are you when all men give you their approval: for so their fathers did to the false prophets.
26 Woe unto you, when all men shall speak well of you! for so did their fathers to the false prophets.
26 Woe to you when all men speak well of you, for their fathers used to (n)treat the (AC)false prophets in the same way.
26 Woe to you(f)when all people speak well of you,for this is the way their ancestorsused to treat the false prophets.(W)
26 "How terrible it will be for you when everyone says nice things about you, because that's the way their ancestors used to treat the false prophets!"
The Sermon On The Plain: Love For Enemies
27 But I say to you who give ear to me, Have love for those who are against you, do good to those who have hate for you,
27 But I say unto you which hear, Love your enemies, do good to them which hate you,
27 “But I say to you who listen: Love your enemies, do what is good to those who hate you,
27 "But I say to you who are listening: Love your enemies. Do good to those who hate you.
29 If a man gives you a blow on one side of your face, then let the other side be turned to him; from him who takes away your coat, do not keep back your robe.
29 And unto him that smiteth thee on the one cheek offer also the other; and him that taketh away thy cloke forbid not to take thy coat also.
29 (AF)Whoever hits you on the cheek, offer him the other also; and whoever takes away your (p)coat, do not withhold your (q)shirt from him either.
29 If anyone hits you on the cheek,(Y) offer the other also. And if anyone takes away your coat, don’t hold back your shirt either.
29 If someone strikes you on the cheek, offer him the other one as well, and if someone takes your coat, don't keep back your shirt, either.
30 Give to everyone who comes with a request, and if a man takes away your property, make no attempt to get it back again.
30 Give to every man that asketh of thee; and of him that taketh away thy goods ask them not again.
30 Give to everyone who asks of you, and whoever takes away what is yours, do not demand it back.
30 Give to everyone who asks you, and from one who takes your things, don’t ask for them back.
30 Keep on giving to everyone who asks you for something, and if anyone takes what is yours, do not insist on getting it back.
32 If you have love for those who have love for you, what credit is it to you? for even sinners have love for those who have love for them.
32 For if ye love them which love you, what thank have ye? for sinners also love those that love them.
32 (AH)If you love those who love you, what credit is that to you? For even sinners love those who love them.
32 If you love those who love you, what credit is that to you? Even sinners love those who love them.(AA)
32 "If you love those who love you, what thanks do you deserve? Why, even sinners love those who love them.
33 And if you do good to those who do good to you, what credit is it to you? for even sinners do the same.
33 And if ye do good to them which do good to you, what thank have ye? for sinners also do even the same.
33 If you do good to those who do good to you, what credit is that to you? For even sinners do the same.
33 If you do what is good to those who are good to you, what credit is that to you? Even sinners do that.
33 If you do good to those who do good to you, what thanks do you deserve? Even sinners do that.
34 And if you let those have the use of your money, from whom you are hoping to get it back, what credit is it to you? even sinners do so to sinners, hoping to get back as much as they gave.
34 And if ye lend to them of whom ye hope to receive, what thank have ye? for sinners also lend to sinners, to receive as much again.
34 (AI)If you lend to those from whom you expect to receive, what credit is that to you? Even sinners lend to sinners in order to receive back the same amount.
34 And if you lend to those from whom you expect to receive, what credit is that to you?(AB) Even sinners lend to sinners to be repaid in full.
34 If you lend to those from whom you expect to get something back, what thanks do you deserve? Even sinners lend to sinners to get back what they lend.
35 But be loving to those who are against you and do them good, and give them your money, not giving up hope, and your reward will be great and you will be the sons of the Most High: for he is kind to evil men, and to those who have hard hearts.
35 But love ye your enemies, and do good, and lend, hoping for nothing again; and your reward shall be great, and ye shall be the children of the Highest: for he is kind unto the unthankful and to the evil.
35 But (AJ)love your enemies, and do good, and lend, (t)expecting nothing in return; and your reward will be great, and you will be (AK)sons of (AL)the Most High; for He Himself is kind to ungrateful and evil men.
35 But love your enemies, do what is good, and lend, expecting nothing in return. Then your reward will be great, and you will be sons of the Most High.(AC) For He is gracious to the ungrateful and evil.
35 Rather, love your enemies, do good to them, and lend to them, expecting nothing in return. Then your reward will be great, and you will be children of the Most High, because he is kind even to ungrateful and evil people.
The Sermon On The Plain: On Judging Others
37 Be not judges of others, and you will not be judged: do not give punishment to others, and you will not get punishment yourselves: make others free, and you will be made free:
37 Judge not, and ye shall not be judged: condemn not, and ye shall not be condemned: forgive, and ye shall be forgiven:
37 “(AM)Do not judge, and you will not be judged; and do not condemn, and you will not be condemned; (v)(AN)pardon, and you will be pardoned.
37 “Do not judge, and you will not be judged.(AE) Do not condemn, and you will not be condemned. Forgive, and you will be forgiven.(AF)
37 "Stop judging, and you'll never be judged. Stop condemning, and you'll never be condemned. Forgive, and you'll be forgiven.
38 Give, and it will be given to you; good measure, crushed down, full and running over, they will give to you. For in the same measure as you give, it will be given to you again.
38 Give, and it shall be given unto you; good measure, pressed down, and shaken together, and running over, shall men give into your bosom. For with the same measure that ye mete withal it shall be measured to you again.
38 Give, and it will be given to you. They will (w)pour (AO)into your lap a (AP)good measure—pressed down, shaken together, and running over. For by your standard of measure it will be measured to you in return.”
38 Give, and it will be given to you; a good measure—pressed down, shaken together, and running over—will be poured into your lap.(AG) For with the measure you use,(g) it will be measured back to you.”(AH)
38 Give, and it will be given to you. A large quantity, pressed together, shaken down, and running over will be put into your lap, because you'll be evaluated by the same standard with which you evaluate others."
39 And he gave them teaching in the form of a story, saying, Is it possible for one blind man to be guide to another? will they not go falling together into a hole?
39 And he spake a parable unto them, Can the blind lead the blind? shall they not both fall into the ditch?
39 And He also spoke a parable to them: “(AQ)A blind man cannot guide a blind man, can he? Will they not both fall into a pit?
39 He also told them a parable: “Can the blind guide the blind? Won’t they both fall into a pit?(AI)
39 He also told them a parable: "One blind person can't lead another blind person, can he? Both will fall into a ditch, won't they?
40 The disciple is not greater than his master, but everyone whose learning is complete will be like his master.
40 The disciple is not above his master: but every one that is perfect shall be as his master.
40 (AR)A (x)pupil is not above his teacher; but everyone, after he has been fully trained, will (y)be like his teacher.
40 A disciple is not above his teacher, but everyone who is fully trained will be like his teacher.(AJ)
40 A disciple is not better than his teacher. But everyone who is fully-trained will be like his teacher.
41 And why do you take note of the grain of dust in your brother's eye, but take no note of the bit of wood which is in your eye?
41 And why beholdest thou the mote that is in thy brother's eye, but perceivest not the beam that is in thine own eye?
41 Why do you look at the speck that is in your brother’s eye, but do not notice the log that is in your own eye?
41 “Why do you look at the speck in your brother’s eye, but don’t notice the log in your own eye?
41 "Why do you see the speck in your brother's eye but fail to notice the beam in your own eye?
42 How will you say to your brother, Brother, let me take the grain of dust out of your eye, when you yourself do not see the bit of wood in your eye? O false one! first take the wood out of your eye and then you will see clearly to take the dust out of your brother's eye.
42 Either how canst thou say to thy brother, Brother, let me pull out the mote that is in thine eye, when thou thyself beholdest not the beam that is in thine own eye? Thou hypocrite, cast out first the beam out of thine own eye, and then shalt thou see clearly to pull out the mote that is in thy brother's eye.
42 Or how can you say to your brother, ‘Brother, let me take out the speck that is in your eye,’ when you yourself do not see the log that is in your own eye? You hypocrite, first take the log out of your own eye, and then you will see clearly to take out the speck that is in your brother’s eye.
42 Or how can you say to your brother, ‘Brother, let me take out the speck that is in your eye,’ when you yourself don’t see the log in your eye? Hypocrite! First take the log out of your eye, and then you will see clearly to take out the speck in your brother’s eye.
42 How can you say to your brother, "Brother, let me take the speck out of your eye,' when you don't see the beam in your own eye? You hypocrite! First remove the beam from your own eye, and then you'll see clearly enough to remove the speck from your brother's eye."
The Sermon On The Plain: Trees And Their Fruit
43 For no good tree gives bad fruit, and no bad tree gives good fruit.
43 For a good tree bringeth not forth corrupt fruit; neither doth a corrupt tree bring forth good fruit.
43 (AS)For there is no good tree which produces bad fruit, nor, (z)on the other hand, a bad tree which produces good fruit.
43 “A good tree doesn’t produce bad fruit; on the other hand, a bad tree doesn’t produce good fruit.(AK)
43 "A good tree doesn't produce rotten fruit, and a rotten tree doesn't produce good fruit,
44 For every tree is judged by its fruit. Men do not get figs from thorns, or grapes from blackberry plants.
44 For every tree is known by his own fruit. For of thorns men do not gather figs, nor of a bramble bush gather they grapes.
44 (AT)For each tree is known by its own fruit. For men do not gather figs from thorns, nor do they pick grapes from a briar bush.
44 For each tree is known by its own fruit. Figs aren’t gathered from thornbushes, or grapes picked from a bramble bush.
44 because every tree is known by its own fruit. People don't gather figs from thorny plants or pick grapes from a thorn bush.
45 The good man, out of the good store of his heart, gives good things; and the evil man, out of his evil store, gives evil: for out of the full store of the heart come the words of the mouth.
45 A good man out of the good treasure of his heart bringeth forth that which is good; and an evil man out of the evil treasure of his heart bringeth forth that which is evil: for of the abundance of the heart his mouth speaketh.
45 (AU)The good man out of the good (aa)treasure of his heart brings forth what is good; and the evil man out of the evil treasure brings forth what is evil; (AV)for his mouth speaks from (ab)that which fills his heart.
45 A good man produces good out of the good storeroom of his heart. An evil man produces evil out of the evil storeroom, for his mouth speaks from the overflow of the heart.
45 A good person produces good from the good treasure of his heart, and an evil person produces evil from an evil treasure, because the mouth speaks from the overflow of the heart."
The Sermon On The Plain: Two Houses And Two Foundations
47 Everyone who comes to me and gives ear to my words and does them, I will make clear to you what he is like:
47 Whosoever cometh to me, and heareth my sayings, and doeth them, I will shew you to whom he is like:
47 (AX)Everyone who comes to Me and hears My words and (ac)acts on them, I will show you whom he is like:
47 I will show you what everyone is like who comes to me, hears my words, and acts on them.
48 He is like a man building a house, who went deep and put the base of it on a rock; and when the water came up and the river was driving against that house, it was not moved, because the building was good.
48 He is like a man which built an house, and digged deep, and laid the foundation on a rock: and when the flood arose, the stream beat vehemently upon that house, and could not shake it: for it was founded upon a rock.
48 he is like a man building a house, who (ad)dug deep and laid a foundation on the rock; and when a flood occurred, the (ae)torrent burst against that house and could not shake it, because it had been well built.
48 He is like a man building a house, who dug deep(h) and laid the foundation on the rock. When the flood came, the river crashed against that house and couldn’t shake it, because it was well built.
48 They are like a person building a house, who dug a deep hole to lay the foundation on rock. When a flood came, the floodwaters pushed against that house but couldn't shake it, because it had been founded on the rock.
49 But he who gives hearing, without doing, is like a man building a house on the earth without a base for it; and when the force of the river came against it, straight away it came down; and the destruction of that house was great.
49 But he that heareth, and doeth not, is like a man that without a foundation built an house upon the earth; against which the stream did beat vehemently, and immediately it fell; and the ruin of that house was great.
49 But the one who has heard and has not acted accordingly, is like a man who built a house on the ground without any foundation; and the (af)torrent burst against it and immediately it collapsed, and the ruin of that house was great.”
49 But the one who hears and does not act is like a man who built a house on the ground without a foundation. The river crashed against it, and immediately it collapsed. And the destruction of that house was great!”(AN)
49 But the person who hears what I say but doesn't act on it is like someone who built a house on the ground without any foundation. When the floodwaters pushed against it, that house quickly collapsed, and the resulting destruction of that house was extensive."