Reference: Hart
American
Or STAG, a species of deer, clean by the Levitical law, De 12:15, and celebrated for its elegance, agility, and grace, Song 2:9; Isa 35:6. See HIND and ROE.
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Notwithstanding, thou may kill and eat flesh in all thy gates, according to the desire of thy soul, according to the blessing of the LORD thy God which he has given thee; the unclean and the clean may eat thereof, as of the roebuck and as of the hart.
My beloved is like a roe or a young hart; behold, he stands behind our wall; he looks through the windows, blossoming through the lattice.
Then the lame one shall leap as a hart, and the tongue of the dumb shall praise; for waters shall be dug in the wilderness, and streams in the desert.
Easton
(Heb 'ayal), a stag or male deer. It is ranked among the clean animals (De 12:15; 14:5; 15:22), and was commonly killed for food (1Ki 4:23). The hart is frequently alluded to in the poetical and prophetical books (Isa 35:6; Song 2:8-9; La 1:6; Ps 42:1).
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Notwithstanding, thou may kill and eat flesh in all thy gates, according to the desire of thy soul, according to the blessing of the LORD thy God which he has given thee; the unclean and the clean may eat thereof, as of the roebuck and as of the hart.
the hart and the roebuck and the buffalo and the wild goat and the unicorn (rhinoceros) and the wild ox and the mountain goat,
Thou shalt eat it within thy gates; the unclean and the clean person shall eat it alike, as the roebuck and as the hart.
ten fat oxen and twenty oxen out of the pastures and one hundred sheep beside harts and roebucks and fallowdeer and fatted fowl.
As the hart pants after the water brooks, so does my soul pant after thee, O God.
The voice of my beloved! behold, he comes leaping over the mountains, skipping over the hills. My beloved is like a roe or a young hart; behold, he stands behind our wall; he looks through the windows, blossoming through the lattice.
Then the lame one shall leap as a hart, and the tongue of the dumb shall praise; for waters shall be dug in the wilderness, and streams in the desert.
Vau And from the daughter of Zion all her beauty is departed; her princes are become like harts that find no pasture, and they are gone without strength before the pursuer.
Fausets
ayal. The male of the stag, Cervus Duma. Resorting to the mountains (Song 8:14); sure-footed there (2Sa 22:34; Hab 3:19). Monogamous and constant in affection (Pr 5:19). In Ps 42:1 the verb is feminine; the hind therefore, not the hart, is meant; her weakness intensifies her thirst. The emblem of activity (Isa 35:6). So Naphtali is described by Jacob prophetically (Ge 49:21), "a hind let loose." His active energy was shown against Jabin the Canaanite oppressor (Jg 4:6-9; 5:18). The Targums say he first told Jacob that Joseph was yet alive; "he giveth goodly words." The Hebrew sheluchim, "the apostles," answers to shelucha "let loose." So the prophecy hints at what Isaiah (Isa 52:7) more clearly unfolds, "how beautiful upon the mountains are the feet of him that bringeth good tidings."
Easily agitated (Song 2:7; 3:5), so that the hunter must advance on them with breathless caution if he would take them; an emblem of the resting (Zep 3:17) but easily grieved Holy Spirit (Eze 16:43; Mt 18:7; Eph 4:30). The thunder so terrifies them that they prematurely bring forth (Ps 29:9). The case of their parturition, through the instinct given them by God's care, stands in contrast to the shepherd's anxiety in numbering the months of the flock's pregnancy, and is an argument to convince Job (Job 39:1-3) of God's consummate wisdom; why then should he harbour for a moment the thought that God, who cares so providentially for the humblest creature, could be capable of harshness and injustice toward His noblest creature, man?
The masculine ayal, Septuagint elafos, is the fallow deer (Dama commonis) or the Barbary deer (Cervus Barbarus) according to Appendix, Smith's Bible Dictionary Timid and fleet especially when seeking and not able to find pasture (La 1:6); emblem of Zion's captive princes at Babylon. Septuagint and Vulgate read eylim, "rams." Ajalon abounded in the ayal, whence it took its name. Aijeleth, "the hind," in the title Psalm 22 symbolizes one shot at by the archers and persecuted to death, namely, Messiah; as the persecutors are symbolized by "bulls," "lions," "dogs."
The addition "of the morning" (shahar) implies prosperity dawning after suffering. The hind is emblematic of the grace, innocence, and loveliness (Song 2:9) of the Antitype to Joseph (Ge 49:23-24). The hind's sure footing in the rocks typifies the believer's preservation in high places and difficulties. The Arabs call a deer by a like name to the Hebrew, (iyal). The deer is represented on the slabs at Nineveh, and seems to have abounded anciently in Syria, though not there now.
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Naphtali is a hind let loose, who shall give forth a good word.
The arches have sorely grieved him and shot at him and hated him; but his bow abode in strength, and the arms of his hands were made strong by the hands of the Mighty one of Jacob; from there did the stone of Israel shepherd,
And she sent and called Barak, the son of Abinoam, out of Kedesh of Naphtali and said unto him, Has not the LORD God of Israel commanded thee, saying, Go and draw toward Mount Tabor and take with thee ten thousand men of the sons of Naphtali and of the sons of Zebulun? And I will draw Sisera, the captain of Jabin's army, unto thee to the river Kishon, with his chariots and his multitude, and I will deliver him into thy hands. read more. And Barak said unto her, If thou wilt go with me, then I will go; but if thou wilt not go with me, then I will not go. And she said, I will surely go with thee, but thy honour shall not be in the way that thou goest; for the LORD shall sell Sisera into the hand of a woman. And Deborah arose and went with Barak to Kedesh.
Zebulun and Naphtali were a people that jeoparded their lives unto the death in the high places of the field.
he who makes my feet like hinds' feet, and he who sets me upon my high places;
Knowest thou the time when the mountain goats bring forth? Hast thou observed when the hinds calve? Canst thou number the months that they fulfil, and knowest thou the time when they bring forth? read more. How they crouch down, they bring forth their young ones, and dismiss their pain.
The voice of the LORD shall make the hinds to calve and shall uncover the forests: and in his temple every one speaks to his glory.
As the hart pants after the water brooks, so does my soul pant after thee, O God.
Let her be as the loving hind and pleasant roe; let her breasts satisfy thee at all times; and be thou ravished always with her love, without eyes for anyone else.
I charge you, O ye virgins of Jerusalem, by the roes and by the hinds of the field that ye not awake nor stir up love, until he pleases.
My beloved is like a roe or a young hart; behold, he stands behind our wall; he looks through the windows, blossoming through the lattice.
I charge you, O ye virgins of Jerusalem, by the roes and by the hinds of the field, that ye not awake nor stir up love, until he pleases.
Run, my beloved, and be thou like to a roe or to a young hart upon the mountains of spices.
Then the lame one shall leap as a hart, and the tongue of the dumb shall praise; for waters shall be dug in the wilderness, and streams in the desert.
How beautiful upon the mountains are the feet of him that brings good tidings, that publishes peace, that brings good tidings of good, that publishes saving health, that saith unto Zion, Thy God reigns!
Vau And from the daughter of Zion all her beauty is departed; her princes are become like harts that find no pasture, and they are gone without strength before the pursuer.
Because thou hast not remembered the days of thy youth but hast provoked me to anger in all this; therefore, behold I also have recompensed thy way upon thine head, said the Lord GOD; for thou hast not even thought regarding all thine abominations.
The LORD God is my strength, and he will make my feet like hinds' feet, and upon my high places he will cause me to walk victorious in my instruments of music.
The LORD thy God in the midst of thee is mighty; he will save; he will rejoice over thee with joy; he will rest in his love; he will joy over thee with singing.
Woe unto the world because of offenses! For it must needs be that offenses come, but woe to that man by whom the offense comes!
And do not grieve the Holy Spirit of God with which ye are sealed for the day of redemption.
Morish
ayyal. A species of deer which is not now definitely known. Many suppose it to be the red deer, the Cervus elaphus. It was a clean animal, and was one supplied to Solomon's table. De 12:15,22; 1Ki 4:23. Its desire for the water-brooks is used as a symbol of a soul's panting after God. Ps 42:1. The bride in the Canticles compares the bridegroom to a young hart. Cant. 2:9, 17; Cant. 8:14. In predicting God's blessing upon Israel in a future day it is said, "the lame man shall leap as a hart." Isa 35:6. The deer are remarkable for their pleasing form, their graceful movements, and their great agility.
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Notwithstanding, thou may kill and eat flesh in all thy gates, according to the desire of thy soul, according to the blessing of the LORD thy God which he has given thee; the unclean and the clean may eat thereof, as of the roebuck and as of the hart.
Even as the roebuck and the hart is eaten, so thou shalt eat them; the unclean and the clean shall eat of them alike.
As the hart pants after the water brooks, so does my soul pant after thee, O God.
Then the lame one shall leap as a hart, and the tongue of the dumb shall praise; for waters shall be dug in the wilderness, and streams in the desert.
Smith
Hart,
the male stag. The word denotes some member of the deer tribe either the fallow deer or the Barbary deer. The hart is reckoned among the clean animals,
De 12:15; 14:5; 15:22
and seems from the passages quoted, as well as from
to have been commonly killed for food.
See Verses Found in Dictionary
Notwithstanding, thou may kill and eat flesh in all thy gates, according to the desire of thy soul, according to the blessing of the LORD thy God which he has given thee; the unclean and the clean may eat thereof, as of the roebuck and as of the hart.
the hart and the roebuck and the buffalo and the wild goat and the unicorn (rhinoceros) and the wild ox and the mountain goat,
Thou shalt eat it within thy gates; the unclean and the clean person shall eat it alike, as the roebuck and as the hart.
ten fat oxen and twenty oxen out of the pastures and one hundred sheep beside harts and roebucks and fallowdeer and fatted fowl.
Watsons
HART, ???, De 12:15; 14:5; Ps 42:1; Isa 35:6, the stag, or male deer. Dr. Shaw considers its name in Hebrew as a generic word including all the species of the deer kind; whether they are distinguished by round horns, as the stag; or by flat ones, as the fallow deer; or by the smallness of the branches, as the roe. Mr. Good observes that the hind and roe, the hart and the antelope, were held, and still continue to be, in the highest estimation in all the eastern countries, for the voluptuous beauty of their eyes, the delicate elegance of their form, or their graceful agility of action. The names of these animals were perpetually applied, therefore, to persons, whether male or female, who were supposed to be possessed of any of their respective qualities. In 2Sa 1:19, Saul is denominated "the roe of Israel;" and in the eighteenth verse of the ensuing chapter, we are told that "Asahel was as light of foot as a wild roe:" a phraseology perfectly synonymous with the epithet swift-footed, which Homer has so frequently bestowed upon his hero Achilles. Thus again: "Her princes are like harts which find no pasture; they are fled without strength before their pursuers," La 1:6. The Lord Jehovah is my strength; he will make my feet like hinds' feet; he will cause me to tread again on my own hills," Hab 3:19. See HIND.
See Verses Found in Dictionary
Notwithstanding, thou may kill and eat flesh in all thy gates, according to the desire of thy soul, according to the blessing of the LORD thy God which he has given thee; the unclean and the clean may eat thereof, as of the roebuck and as of the hart.
the hart and the roebuck and the buffalo and the wild goat and the unicorn (rhinoceros) and the wild ox and the mountain goat,
The glory of Israel is slain upon thy high places! How are the mighty fallen!
As the hart pants after the water brooks, so does my soul pant after thee, O God.
Then the lame one shall leap as a hart, and the tongue of the dumb shall praise; for waters shall be dug in the wilderness, and streams in the desert.
Vau And from the daughter of Zion all her beauty is departed; her princes are become like harts that find no pasture, and they are gone without strength before the pursuer.
The LORD God is my strength, and he will make my feet like hinds' feet, and upon my high places he will cause me to walk victorious in my instruments of music.