Reference: Magistrate
Easton
a public civil officer invested with authority. The Hebrew shophetim, or judges, were magistrates having authority in the land (De 1:16-17). In Jg 18:7 the word "magistrate" (A.V.) is rendered in the Revised Version "possessing authority", i.e., having power to do them harm by invasion. In the time of Ezra (Ezr 9:2) and Nehemiah (Ne 2:16; 4:14; 13:11) the Jewish magistrates were called seganim, properly meaning "nobles." In the New Testament the Greek word archon, rendered "magistrate" (Lu 12:58; Tit 3:1), means one first in power, and hence a prince, as in Mt 20:25; 1Co 2:6,8. This term is used of the Messiah, "Prince of the kings of the earth" (Re 1:5). In Ac 16:20,22,35-36,38, the Greek term strategos, rendered "magistrate," properly signifies the leader of an army, a general, one having military authority. The strategoi were the duumviri, the two praetors appointed to preside over the administration of justice in the colonies of the Romans. They were attended by the sergeants (properly lictors or "rod bearers").
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But Jesus calling them to him said, Ye know that the princes of the Gentiles lord it over them, and they that are great exercise authority upon them.
When thou art going with thine adversary to the magistrate, give diligence in the way to be delivered from him: lest he hale thee to the judge, and the judge deliver thee to the officer, and the officer cast thee into prison.
And having brought them to the pretors, they said, These men,
And the multitude rose up together against them; and the pretors tearing off their garments, commanded to beat them with rods.
And when it was day, the pretors sent the serjeants, saying, Let those men go. And the jailor told these things to Paul, The magistrates have sent to let you go: now therefore depart, and go in peace.
And the serjeants reported these words to the pretors; and they were afraid when they heard that they were Romans.
As ye have therefore received Christ Jesus the Lord, so walk in him;
Beware lest any man make a prey of you through philosophy and empty deceit, after the traditions of men, after the rudiments of this world, and not after Christ.
Put them in mind to be subject to principalities and powers, to obey magistrates, to be ready for every good work:
And from Jesus Christ, the faithful witness, the first begotten from the dead, and the prince of the kings of the earth:
Hastings
This word is used in the AV to represent either 'judge' or 'ruler'
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But when they bring you to the synagogues and to magistrates and powers,
When thou art going with thine adversary to the magistrate, give diligence in the way to be delivered from him: lest he hale thee to the judge, and the judge deliver thee to the officer, and the officer cast thee into prison.
And having brought them to the pretors, they said, These men, being Jews, exceedingly trouble our city, And teach customs, which it is not lawful for us, being Romans, to receive, neither to observe. read more. And the multitude rose up together against them; and the pretors tearing off their garments, commanded to beat them with rods. And when they had laid many stripes upon them, they cast them into prison, charging the jailor to keep them safely: Who having received such a charge, threw them into the inner prison, and secured their feet in the stocks. But at midnight Paul and Silas having prayed, sung an hymn to God: and the prisoners heard them. And suddenly there was a great earthquake so that the foundations of the prison were shaken: and immediately all the doors were opened, and every one's bands were loosed. And the jailor awaking out of his sleep, and seeing the doors of the prison opened, drew his sword, and was going to kill himself, supposing the prisoners were fled. But Paul cried with a loud voice, saying, Do thyself no harm; for we are all here. Then he called for lights, and sprang in, and trembling, fell down before Paul and Silas. And having brought them out he said, Sirs, what must I do to be saved? And they said, Believe in the Lord Jesus, and thou shalt be saved and thy houshold. And they spake the word of the Lord to him and to all that were in his house. And taking them that very hour of the night, he washed their stripes, and was immediately baptized, he and all his houshold. And having brought them up into his house, he set a table before them, and rejoiced, believing in God with his whole house. And when it was day, the pretors sent the serjeants, saying, Let those men go. And the jailor told these things to Paul, The magistrates have sent to let you go: now therefore depart, and go in peace. But Paul said to them, They have beaten us publickly, uncondemned, and have cast us into prison, who are Romans: and do they now thrust us out privately? Nay verily: but let them come themselves and conduct us out. And the serjeants reported these words to the pretors; and they were afraid when they heard that they were Romans.
Put them in mind to be subject to principalities and powers, to obey magistrates, to be ready for every good work: