Reference: New Moon
American
The new moon was the commencement of each of the Hebrew months. See MONTH. The Hebrews had a particular veneration of the first day of every month, for which Moses appointed peculiar sacrifices, Nu 28:11-15; but he gave no orders that it should be kept as a holy day, nor can it be proved that the ancients observed it as such: it was a festival of merely voluntary devotion. It appears that even from the time of Saul, they made on this day a sort of family entertainment; since David ought then to have been at the king's table and Saul took his absence amiss, 1Sa 20:5,18. Moses implies that, besides the national sacrifices then regularly offered, every private person had his particular sacrifices of devotion, Nu 10:10. The beginning of the month was proclaimed by sound of trumpet, Ps 81:3, and the offering of solemn sacrifices. But the most celebrated "new moon" was that at the beginning of the civil year, or first day of the month Tishri, Le 23:24. This was a sacred festival, on which no servile labor was performed, Am 8:5. In the kingdom of the ten tribes, it seems to have been a custom of the people to visit the prophets at the new moons, for the purpose of carrying them presents, and hearing their instructions, 2Ki 4:23. Ezekiel says, Eze 45:17, (see also 1Ch 23:31; 2Ch 8:13,) that the burnt offerings offered on the day of the new moon were to be provided at the king's expense. The observance of this festival was discontinued soon after the establishment of Christianity, Ga 4:9-10; Col 2:16, though the Jews take some notice of the day even now.
See Verses Found in Dictionary
Speak unto the sons of Israel, saying: - In the seventh month on the first of the month, shall there be unto you a sacred rest, a trumpet-blowing commemoration a holy convocation:
And in your day of rejoicing and in your appointed seasons and in the beginnings of your months, then shall ye blow with the trumpets, over your ascending-sacrifices, and over your peace-offerings, - so shall they be unto you for a memorial before your God. I - Yahweh, am your God.
And in the beginnings of your months, shall ye bring near an ascending-sacrifice unto Yahweh, two choice bullocks and one ram, seven he-lambs a year old without defect; and three-tenths of fine meal, as a meal-offering, overflowed with oil, to each bullock, - and two-tenths of fine-meal as a meal-offering, overflowed with oil, to each ram; read more. and a tenth, severally, of fine meal as a meal-offering, overflowed with oil, to each lamb, - an ascending-sacrifice, a satisfying odour, an altar-flame unto Yahweh. And as their drink-offerings, half a hin, shall be to a bullock and the third of a hin to a ram, and the fourth of a hin to a lamb, of wine, - This, is the ascending-sacrifice of a month in its month, for the months of the year. Also one he-goat as a sin-bearer unto Yahweh, - besides the continual ascending-sacrifice, shall it be offered, with the drink-offering thereof.
And David said unto Jonathan - Lo! the new moon, is to-morrow, and, I, must not sit with the king, to eat, - let me go then, and hide myself in the field, until the evening.
Then said Jonathan unto him - To-morrow, is the new moon, and thou wilt be missed, for thy seat will be empty;
And he said - Wherefore art thou going unto him, to-day, neither new moon nor sabbath? And she said - Peace!
and for all the offering of ascending-sacrifices unto Yahweh, on the sabbaths, and on the new moons, and on the set feasts, - by number, according to the manner prescribed for them continually, before Yahweh; -
Blow, at the new moon, the horn, At the full moon, for the day of our sacred festival:
But on the prince himself, shall rest the ascending-sacrifices and the meal-offering, and the drink-offering, on the festivals, and on the new moons, and on the sabbaths, in all the appointed meetings of the house of Israel, - he, shall offer the sin-bearer. and the meal-offering, and the ascending sacrifice, and the peace-offerings, To put a propitiatory-covering about the house of Israel.
Who say, When will the new moon, pass away, that we may sell corn? and the sabbath that we may open grain? who diminish the ephah, and increase the shekel, and who falsify by deceitful weights:
Whereas, now, having acknowledged God, - or rather, having been acknowledged by God, how turn ye back again unto the weak and beggarly elementary principles, unto which, over again, ye are wishing, to come into servitude? Days, ye do narrowly observer, and months, and seasons, and years: -
Let no one, therefore, be judging, you, - in eating and in drinking, or in respect of feast, or new moon, or sabbath, -
Fausets
(See MONTH.) On it work was suspended (Am 8:5), the temple was opened for worship (Isa 66:23), and in northern Israel the godly repaired to the prophets for religious instruction (2Ki 4:23). The trumpets were blown, in token of gladness, at the sacrifices peculiar to the clay (Nu 10:10; Ps 81:3); but there was no "holy convocation" as on the sabbath. The seventh new moon of the religious year was the feast of trumpets and began the civil year.
See Verses Found in Dictionary
And in your day of rejoicing and in your appointed seasons and in the beginnings of your months, then shall ye blow with the trumpets, over your ascending-sacrifices, and over your peace-offerings, - so shall they be unto you for a memorial before your God. I - Yahweh, am your God.
And he said - Wherefore art thou going unto him, to-day, neither new moon nor sabbath? And she said - Peace!
Blow, at the new moon, the horn, At the full moon, for the day of our sacred festival:
And it shall come to pass, that From one new moon to another, and From one sabbath to another, Shall all flesh, come in, to bow down before me, Saith Yahweh.
Who say, When will the new moon, pass away, that we may sell corn? and the sabbath that we may open grain? who diminish the ephah, and increase the shekel, and who falsify by deceitful weights:
Hastings
Morish
See MOON.
Smith
New Moon.
The first day of the lunar month was observed as a holy day. In addition to the daily sacrifice there were offered two young bullocks, a ram and seven lambs of the first year as a burnt offering, with the proper meat offerings and drink offerings, and a kid as a sin offering.
As on the Sabbath, trade and handicraft work were stopped,
and the temple was opened for public worship.
The trumpets were blown at the offering of the special sacrifices for the day, as on the solemn festivals.
It was an occasion for state banquets.
In later, if not in earlier, times fasting was intermitted at the new moons. Judith 8:6. The new moons are generally mentioned so as to show that they were regarded as a peculiar class of holy days, distinguished from the solemn feasts and the Sabbaths.
1Ch 29:30; 2Ch 2:4; 3/type/emb'>8:13; 31/type/emb'>31; 3; Ezr 3:5; Ne 10:33; Eze 45:17
The seventh new moon of the religious year, being that of Tisri, commenced the civil year, and had a significance and rites of its own. It was a day of holy convocation. The religious observance of the day of the new moon may plainly be regarded as the consecration of a natural division of time.
See Verses Found in Dictionary
And in your day of rejoicing and in your appointed seasons and in the beginnings of your months, then shall ye blow with the trumpets, over your ascending-sacrifices, and over your peace-offerings, - so shall they be unto you for a memorial before your God. I - Yahweh, am your God.
And in the beginnings of your months, shall ye bring near an ascending-sacrifice unto Yahweh, two choice bullocks and one ram, seven he-lambs a year old without defect; and three-tenths of fine meal, as a meal-offering, overflowed with oil, to each bullock, - and two-tenths of fine-meal as a meal-offering, overflowed with oil, to each ram; read more. and a tenth, severally, of fine meal as a meal-offering, overflowed with oil, to each lamb, - an ascending-sacrifice, a satisfying odour, an altar-flame unto Yahweh. And as their drink-offerings, half a hin, shall be to a bullock and the third of a hin to a ram, and the fourth of a hin to a lamb, of wine, - This, is the ascending-sacrifice of a month in its month, for the months of the year. Also one he-goat as a sin-bearer unto Yahweh, - besides the continual ascending-sacrifice, shall it be offered, with the drink-offering thereof.
And David said unto Jonathan - Lo! the new moon, is to-morrow, and, I, must not sit with the king, to eat, - let me go then, and hide myself in the field, until the evening. If thy father, enquire, for me, then shalt thou say - David, did ask leave, of me, to run to Bethlehem, his own city, for, a yearly sacrifice, is to be held there for all the family. read more. If, thus, he say - It is well, - thy servant shall have, peace, - but, if it, anger, him, know that harm hath been determined by him. Thus shalt thou do a lovingkindness for thy servant, for, into a covenant of Yahweh, hast thou brought thy servant, with thee, - But, if there is in me transgression, put me to death, thyself, for, unto thy father, wherefore shouldst thou bring me in? And Jonathan said - Far be it from thee! but, if I, get to know, that harm is determined by my father, to bring it upon thee, is not, that, the thing that I will tell thee? Then said David unto Jonathan, Who shall tell me, - if thy father answer thee aught that is, harsh? And Jonathan said unto David, Come! and let us go out into the field. And they two went out into the field. Then said Jonathan unto David - Witness be Yahweh God of Israel, that I will sound my father about this time to-morrow or the third day, and lo! if there he good towards David, will I not, then, send unto thee, and unveil thine ear? So, let Yahweh do unto Jonathan, and, so, let him add - when harm against thee seemeth good unto my father, then will I unveil thine ear, and let thee go, and thou shall depart in peace, - then Yahweh be with thee, as he hath been with my father. And, not only while I yet live, shalt thou deal with me in the lovingkindness of Yahweh, that I die not: but thou shalt not cut off thy lovingkindness from my house, unto times age-abiding, - no! not when Yahweh hath cut off the enemies of David, every one from off the face of the ground. Thus Jonathan solemnised a covenant with the house of David saying , - So let Yahweh require it, at the hand of the enemies of David. And again Jonathan sware unto David, by his love to him, - for, as he loved his own soul, so loved he him. Then said Jonathan unto him - To-morrow, is the new moon, and thou wilt be missed, for thy seat will be empty; and, when thou hast tarried three days, thou shalt come down quickly and enter the place, where thou didst hide thyself on the day of the deed, and shall remain by the side of this mound. And, as for me - three arrows to the side, will I shoot, - as though I shot at a mark. And lo! I will send the boy saying , Go, find the arrow! If I, say, to the boy - Lo! the arrows, are on this side of thee - take them, then come, for there is peace for thee, and no cause for fear , by the life of Yahweh. But, if, thus, I say to the youth, Lo! the arrows are beyond thee, depart, for Yahweh hath sent thee away. But, as touching the matter whereof we spake - I and thou, lo! Yahweh, be betwixt me and thee, unto times age-abiding. So David hid himself in the field - and, when the new moon had come, the king sat down to eat, food,
with all his reign, and his might, - and the times which passed over him, and over Israel, and over all the kingdoms of the lands.
and, afterwards, the continual ascending-sacrifice, and, on the new moons, and on all the appointed seasons of Yahweh, the hallowed things, - also for every one that volunteered a voluntary offering unto Yahweh.
for the bread to set in array, and the continual meal-offering, and for the continual ascending-sacrifice, of the sabbaths, of the new moons, for the appointed feasts, and for things hallowed, and for victims bearing sin, to put a propitiatory-covering over Israel, - and for all the work of the house of our God.
Blow, at the new moon, the horn, At the full moon, for the day of our sacred festival:
And it shall come to pass, that From one new moon to another, and From one sabbath to another, Shall all flesh, come in, to bow down before me, Saith Yahweh.
But on the prince himself, shall rest the ascending-sacrifices and the meal-offering, and the drink-offering, on the festivals, and on the new moons, and on the sabbaths, in all the appointed meetings of the house of Israel, - he, shall offer the sin-bearer. and the meal-offering, and the ascending sacrifice, and the peace-offerings, To put a propitiatory-covering about the house of Israel.
and the people of the land I shall bow down at the entrance of that gate on the sabbaths and at the new moons, - before Yahweh.
Who say, When will the new moon, pass away, that we may sell corn? and the sabbath that we may open grain? who diminish the ephah, and increase the shekel, and who falsify by deceitful weights: