Reference: Pledge
American
The Jewish law protected the poor who were obliged to give security for a loan or the fulfillment of a contract. If a man pawned his rove, the usual covering of the cool nights, it must be returned on the same day, Ex 22:26-27. The creditor could not enter a house and take what he pleased; and the millstone being a necessary of life, could not be taken, De 24:6,10-11. Compare Job 22:6; 24:3,7. Idolaters sometimes disregarded these prohibitions, Am 2:6-8. See LOANS. Pledges are necessary from the vicious, who cannot be trusted, Pr 20:16.
See Verses Found in Dictionary
If thou at all take thy neighbour's garment in pledge, thou shalt return it to him before the sun goes down; for that is his only covering, his garment for his skin: on what shall he lie down? And it shall come to pass, when he crieth unto me, that I will hear; for I am gracious.
No man shall take the hand-mill or the upper millstone in pledge; for it would be taking life in pledge.
When thou dost lend thy brother anything, thou shalt not go into his house to secure his pledge. Thou shalt stand outside, and the man to whom thou hast made a loan shall bring out the pledge to thee without.
For thou hast taken a pledge of thy brother for nought, and stripped off the clothing of the naked.
They drive away the ass of the fatherless, they take the widow's ox for a pledge;
They pass the night naked without clothing, and have no covering in the cold;
Take his garment that is become surety for another, and hold him in pledge for strangers.
Thus saith Jehovah: For three transgressions of Israel, and for four, I will not revoke its sentence; because they have sold the righteous for silver, and the needy for a pair of shoes; panting after the dust of the earth on the head of the poor, and turning aside the way of the meek; and a man and his father will go in unto the same maid, to profane my holy name. read more. And they lay themselves down by every altar upon clothes taken in pledge, and they drink in the house of their God the wine of the condemned.
Easton
See Loan.
Hastings
The taking of a pledge for the re-payment of a loan was sanctioned by the Law, but a humanitarian provision was introduced to the effect that, when this pledge consisted of the large square outer garment or cioak called simlah, it must be returned before nightfali, since this garment often formed the only covering of the poor at night (Ex 22:26 f., De 24:12 f.; cf. Am 2:8; Job 22:6; 24:9; Eze 18:7,12,16; 33:15). It was forbidden also to take the mill or the upper millstone as a pledge (De 24:6). In Isa 36:8 the reference is to a pledge to be forfeited if a wager is lost (cf. Revised Version margin). In I S17:18 'take their pledge' probably means 'bring back a token of their welfare' (Driver).
See Verses Found in Dictionary
If thou at all take thy neighbour's garment in pledge, thou shalt return it to him before the sun goes down;
No man shall take the hand-mill or the upper millstone in pledge; for it would be taking life in pledge.
And if the man be needy, thou shalt not lie down with his pledge;
For thou hast taken a pledge of thy brother for nought, and stripped off the clothing of the naked.
They pluck the fatherless from the breast, and take a pledge of the poor:
And now engage, I pray thee, with my master the king of Assyria, and I will give thee two thousand horses, if thou be able on thy part to set riders upon them.
and hath not oppressed any; he hath restored to the debtor his pledge, hath not exercised robbery, hath given his bread to the hungry, and covered the naked with a garment;
hath oppressed the poor and needy, exercised robbery, hath not restored the pledge, and hath lifted up his eyes to the idols, committed abomination,
and hath not oppressed any, nor withholden the pledge, neither hath exercised robbery; he hath given his bread to the hungry, and covered the naked with a garment;
if the wicked restore the pledge, give again that he had taken by robbery, walk in the statutes of life, doing nothing that is wrong; he shall certainly live, he shall not die.
And they lay themselves down by every altar upon clothes taken in pledge, and they drink in the house of their God the wine of the condemned.
Morish
The taking of articles as security for loans, etc. was very early practised, and restrictions were given in the law that no unfair advantage should be taken thereby. Ex 22:26; De 24:10-17; Job 22:6; 24:3,9; Am 2:8. In 2Ki 18:23 and Isa 36:8 the sense is 'to make an engagement or treaty.'
See Verses Found in Dictionary
If thou at all take thy neighbour's garment in pledge, thou shalt return it to him before the sun goes down;
When thou dost lend thy brother anything, thou shalt not go into his house to secure his pledge. Thou shalt stand outside, and the man to whom thou hast made a loan shall bring out the pledge to thee without. read more. And if the man be needy, thou shalt not lie down with his pledge; in any case thou shalt return him the pledge at the going down of the sun, that he may sleep in his own upper garment and bless thee; and it shall be righteousness unto thee before Jehovah thy God. Thou shalt not oppress a hired servant who is poor and needy of thy brethren, or of thy sojourners who are in thy land within thy gates: on his day thou shalt give him his hire, neither shall the sun go down upon it; for he is poor, and his soul yearneth after it; lest he cry against thee to Jehovah, and it be a sin in thee. The fathers shall not be put to death for the sons, neither shall the sons be put to death for the fathers: every man shall be put to death for his own sin. Thou shalt not pervert the judgment of the stranger, or of the fatherless; and thou shalt not take in pledge a widow's garment.
And now, engage, I pray thee, with my master the king of Assyria, and I will give thee two thousand horses, if thou canst set the riders upon them.
For thou hast taken a pledge of thy brother for nought, and stripped off the clothing of the naked.
They drive away the ass of the fatherless, they take the widow's ox for a pledge;
They pluck the fatherless from the breast, and take a pledge of the poor:
And now engage, I pray thee, with my master the king of Assyria, and I will give thee two thousand horses, if thou be able on thy part to set riders upon them.
And they lay themselves down by every altar upon clothes taken in pledge, and they drink in the house of their God the wine of the condemned.
Smith
Pledge.
[LOAN]
See Loan