Reference: Succoth
American
Booths,
1. A spot in the valley of the Jordan and near the Jabbok, where Jacob set up his tents on his return from Mesopotamia, Ge 33:17. Joshua assigned the city subsequently built here to the tribe of Gad, Jos 13:27. Gideon tore the flesh of the principal men of Succoth with thorn and briars, because they returned him a haughty answer when pursuing the Midianites, Jg 8:5. It seems to have lain on the east side of the Jordan; but may possibly have been on the west side, at the place now called Sakut. Compare 1Ki 7:46; Ps 60:6.
2. The first encampment of the Israelites, on their way out of Egypt, Ex 12:37.
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And Jacob took his journey toward Succoth, and built him a house, and made booths for his cattle: whereof the name of the place is called Succoth.
Thus took the children of Israel their journey from Rameses to Succoth; six hundred thousand men of foot, beside children.
And in the valley they had Betharam, Bethnimrah, Succoth, and Zaphon, the rest of the kingdom of Sihon king of Heshbon, and Jordan and the coasts that lie thereon, even unto the edge of the sea of Chinnereth, on the other side Jordan eastward.
And he said unto the men of Succoth, "Give I pray you cakes of bread unto the people that follow me: for they be fainty, that I may follow after Zebah and Zalmunna, kings of Midian."
And in the plain of Jordan did the king cast them: even in the clay of the earth between Succoth and Zarethan.
Easton
booths. (1.) The first encampment of the Israelites after leaving Ramesses (Ex 12:37); the civil name of Pithom (q.v.).
(2.) A city on the east of Jordan, identified with Tell Dar'ala, a high mound, a mass of debris, in the plain north of Jabbok and about one mile from it (Jos 13:27). Here Jacob (Ge 32:17,30; 33:17), on his return from Padan-aram after his interview with Esau, built a house for himself and made booths for his cattle. The princes of this city churlishly refused to afford help to Gideon and his 300 men when "faint yet pursuing" they followed one of the bands of the fugitive Midianites after the great victory at Gilboa. After overtaking and routing this band at Karkor, Gideon on his return visited the rulers of the city with severe punishment. "He took the elders of the city, and thorns of the wilderness and briers, and with them he taught the men of Succoth" (Jg 8:13-16). At this place were erected the foundries for casting the metal-work for the temple (1Ki 7:46).
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And he commanded the foremost, saying, "When Esau my brother meeteth thee and asketh thee, saying, 'whose servant art thou and whither goest thou, and whose are these that go before thee?'
And Jacob called the name of the place Peniel, "for I have seen God face to face, and yet is my life reserved."
And Jacob took his journey toward Succoth, and built him a house, and made booths for his cattle: whereof the name of the place is called Succoth.
Thus took the children of Israel their journey from Rameses to Succoth; six hundred thousand men of foot, beside children.
And in the valley they had Betharam, Bethnimrah, Succoth, and Zaphon, the rest of the kingdom of Sihon king of Heshbon, and Jordan and the coasts that lie thereon, even unto the edge of the sea of Chinnereth, on the other side Jordan eastward.
And Gideon the son of Joash returned from battle, the sun being yet up, and caught a lad of the men of Succoth, and enquired of him. And he wrote him, of the lords and elders of Succoth: seventy seven men. read more. Then he came unto the men of Succoth and said, "Behold, Zebah and Zalmunna, with which ye cast me in the teeth saying, 'Are the hands of Zebah and Zalmunna already in thine hand, that we should give bread unto thy fainty men?'" And he took the elders of the city, and thorns of the wilderness and briers, and all to tear them therewith.
And in the plain of Jordan did the king cast them: even in the clay of the earth between Succoth and Zarethan.
Fausets
("booths"), from saakak "to entwine" or "shelter."
1. Jerome places it "beyond Jordan" (Quaest. Hebrew). In Jos 13:27-28 Succoth is assigned to Gad. The mention of the "house" and "booths" marks that Jacob stayed there for long, in contrast to his previous pilgrim life in tents, Succoth lay on the route between Pentel on the E. of Jordan and Shechem on the W. of Jordan (Ge 32:30; 33:17-18). (See PENUEL; SHALEM.) Subsequently, in Gideon's days Succoth had 77 chiefs and elders (zeqeenim, "sheikhs", i.e. headmen, literally, old men). See also 1Ki 7:46; 2Ch 4:17. The Talmud makes Succoth a district (so Ps 60:6, "the valley of Succoth") as well as a town, called Ter'alah; this corresponds to the tell or mound Der'ala, thickly strewed with pottery, in the great plain N. of the Jabbok, one mile from the river and three miles from where it leaves the hills. Close by is a smaller mound with ruins. The Bedouin say a city existed formerly on the large mound. E. of tell Der'ala is the ford of the Jabbok, "Mashra'a Canaan," i.e. Canaan's crossing.
The route into Canaan which the nomadic tribes, as Midian, always took ("the way of them that dwell in tents," Jg 8:11) was along the course of the Jabbok and so across Jordan opposite Bethshean, thence spreading over the Esdraelon plain. Gideon (Jg 8:4-17) in pursuing Midian took the same course in reverse order until he reached Succoth. The men of Succoth, as living on this great army route between Canaan and the East, and having regard only to self and no concern for Israel's deliverance and no compassion for the sufferings of Gideon's gallant little band, would give no bread to their brethren lest they should incur the vengeance of Midian; nay more, they added insolence to unkindness. As then they classed themselves with the wicked, of whom thorns are the symbol, their retributive punishment was to be chastised with thorns of the wilderness (the strongest thorns: Isa 5:6; 27:4; Am 1:3; 2Sa 23:6-7). (See Palestine Exploation Quarterly Statement, April 1878, p. 81.)
2. Israel's first camping place after leaving Egypt, half way between Rameses and Etham, Succoth of the Birket Timseh ("the lake of crocodiles") on the road which led by the shortest way to the edge of the wilderness. Possibly from Hebrew sukowt "booths," but probably from the Egyptian sechet or sochot, the "domain of an officer of state" in Lower Egypt not far from Memphis, in the time of Chufu (Ex 12:37; 13:20; Nu 33:5-6).
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And Jacob called the name of the place Peniel, "for I have seen God face to face, and yet is my life reserved."
And Jacob took his journey toward Succoth, and built him a house, and made booths for his cattle: whereof the name of the place is called Succoth. And Jacob came peaceably into the city of Shechem in the land of Canaan, after that he was come from Mesopotamia, and pitched before the city;
Thus took the children of Israel their journey from Rameses to Succoth; six hundred thousand men of foot, beside children.
And they took their journey from Succoth: and pitched their tents in Etham in the edge of the wilderness.
And the children of Israel removed from Rameses and pitched in Succoth. And they departed from Succoth and pitched their tents in Etham, which is in the edge of the wilderness.
And in the valley they had Betharam, Bethnimrah, Succoth, and Zaphon, the rest of the kingdom of Sihon king of Heshbon, and Jordan and the coasts that lie thereon, even unto the edge of the sea of Chinnereth, on the other side Jordan eastward. This is the inheritance of the children of Gad in their kindreds, the cities with their villages.
And then Gideon came to Jordan and passed over, both he and the three hundred men that were with him, very faint and yet followed the chase. And he said unto the men of Succoth, "Give I pray you cakes of bread unto the people that follow me: for they be fainty, that I may follow after Zebah and Zalmunna, kings of Midian." read more. And the lords of Succoth said, "Are the hands of Zebah and Zalmunna now in thine hands that we should give bread unto thy company?" And Gideon said, "Therefore when the LORD hath delivered Zebah and Zalmunna into mine hand, I will tear the flesh of you with the thorns of the wilderness and with briers." And he went thence to Phanuel, and spake unto them likewise. And the men of Phanuel answered him as did the men of Succoth. And he said also unto the men of Phanuel, "When I come again in peace, I will break down this tower." Zebah and Zalmunna were in Karkor and their hosts with them, upon a fifteen thousand, which were all that were left of all the hosts of them of the east. And they that were slain were a hundred and twenty thousand men that drew swords. And Gideon went through them that dwell in tabernacles on the east side of Nobah and Jogbehah, and smote the host: for the host did cast no perils.
And Gideon went through them that dwell in tabernacles on the east side of Nobah and Jogbehah, and smote the host: for the host did cast no perils. Zebah and Zalmunna fled. But he followed after them, and took the two kings of the Midianites, Zebah and Zalmunna, and discomfited all the host. read more. And Gideon the son of Joash returned from battle, the sun being yet up, and caught a lad of the men of Succoth, and enquired of him. And he wrote him, of the lords and elders of Succoth: seventy seven men. Then he came unto the men of Succoth and said, "Behold, Zebah and Zalmunna, with which ye cast me in the teeth saying, 'Are the hands of Zebah and Zalmunna already in thine hand, that we should give bread unto thy fainty men?'" And he took the elders of the city, and thorns of the wilderness and briers, and all to tear them therewith. And he brake down the tower of Phanuel and slew the men of the city.
And in the plain of Jordan did the king cast them: even in the clay of the earth between Succoth and Zarethan.
God hath spoken in his holiness: I will rejoice, and divide Shechem, and mete out the valley of Succoth.
I will lay it waste, that it shall neither be twisted nor cut, but bear thorns and briers. I will also forbid the clouds, that they shall not rain upon it.
I hear no evil will in my mind. Who will compel me that I, greatly forgetting all faithfulness, should burn it up at once with thorns and bushes?
"Thus sayeth the LORD, 'For three and four wickednesses of Damascus, I will not spare her: because they have threshed Gilead with iron stales.
Hastings
A place first mentioned in Ge 33:17, where it is said to have been so called because Jacob, on his return from Haran to Canaan, halting at it after his wrestling with the angel at Penuel, built there 'booths' (Heb. succ
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And when Jacob saw them, he said, "This is God's host," and called the name of that same place Mahanaim.
and rose up the same night and took his two wives and his two maidens and his eleven sons, and went over the ford Jabbok.
And Jacob called the name of the place Peniel, "for I have seen God face to face, and yet is my life reserved."
And Jacob took his journey toward Succoth, and built him a house, and made booths for his cattle: whereof the name of the place is called Succoth.
Thus took the children of Israel their journey from Rameses to Succoth; six hundred thousand men of foot, beside children.
And they took their journey from Succoth: and pitched their tents in Etham in the edge of the wilderness.
And the children of Israel removed from Rameses and pitched in Succoth. And they departed from Succoth and pitched their tents in Etham, which is in the edge of the wilderness.
And in the valley they had Betharam, Bethnimrah, Succoth, and Zaphon, the rest of the kingdom of Sihon king of Heshbon, and Jordan and the coasts that lie thereon, even unto the edge of the sea of Chinnereth, on the other side Jordan eastward.
And in the valley they had Betharam, Bethnimrah, Succoth, and Zaphon, the rest of the kingdom of Sihon king of Heshbon, and Jordan and the coasts that lie thereon, even unto the edge of the sea of Chinnereth, on the other side Jordan eastward.
And he said unto the men of Succoth, "Give I pray you cakes of bread unto the people that follow me: for they be fainty, that I may follow after Zebah and Zalmunna, kings of Midian."
And he said unto the men of Succoth, "Give I pray you cakes of bread unto the people that follow me: for they be fainty, that I may follow after Zebah and Zalmunna, kings of Midian."
And he went thence to Phanuel, and spake unto them likewise. And the men of Phanuel answered him as did the men of Succoth.
And he went thence to Phanuel, and spake unto them likewise. And the men of Phanuel answered him as did the men of Succoth.
That thy beloved might be delivered, help them with thy righthand, and hear me.
Morish
Suc'coth
1. Canaanite city on the east of the Jordan, allotted to the tribe of Gad. Here Jacob built a house for himself and booths for his cattle. The elders of the city were punished by Gideon for not helping him when he was faint in pursuing the Midianites. Ge 33:17; Jos 13:27; Jg 8:5-16; 1Ki 7:46; 2Ch 4:17; Ps 60:6; 108:7. Identified by some with Tell Darala, 32 12' N, 35 38' E.
2. First halting place of the Israelites when they left Rameses. Ex 12:37; 13:20; Nu 33:5-6. Not identified.
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And Jacob took his journey toward Succoth, and built him a house, and made booths for his cattle: whereof the name of the place is called Succoth.
Thus took the children of Israel their journey from Rameses to Succoth; six hundred thousand men of foot, beside children.
And they took their journey from Succoth: and pitched their tents in Etham in the edge of the wilderness.
And the children of Israel removed from Rameses and pitched in Succoth. And they departed from Succoth and pitched their tents in Etham, which is in the edge of the wilderness.
And in the valley they had Betharam, Bethnimrah, Succoth, and Zaphon, the rest of the kingdom of Sihon king of Heshbon, and Jordan and the coasts that lie thereon, even unto the edge of the sea of Chinnereth, on the other side Jordan eastward.
And he said unto the men of Succoth, "Give I pray you cakes of bread unto the people that follow me: for they be fainty, that I may follow after Zebah and Zalmunna, kings of Midian." And the lords of Succoth said, "Are the hands of Zebah and Zalmunna now in thine hands that we should give bread unto thy company?" read more. And Gideon said, "Therefore when the LORD hath delivered Zebah and Zalmunna into mine hand, I will tear the flesh of you with the thorns of the wilderness and with briers." And he went thence to Phanuel, and spake unto them likewise. And the men of Phanuel answered him as did the men of Succoth. And he said also unto the men of Phanuel, "When I come again in peace, I will break down this tower." Zebah and Zalmunna were in Karkor and their hosts with them, upon a fifteen thousand, which were all that were left of all the hosts of them of the east. And they that were slain were a hundred and twenty thousand men that drew swords. And Gideon went through them that dwell in tabernacles on the east side of Nobah and Jogbehah, and smote the host: for the host did cast no perils. Zebah and Zalmunna fled. But he followed after them, and took the two kings of the Midianites, Zebah and Zalmunna, and discomfited all the host. And Gideon the son of Joash returned from battle, the sun being yet up, and caught a lad of the men of Succoth, and enquired of him. And he wrote him, of the lords and elders of Succoth: seventy seven men. Then he came unto the men of Succoth and said, "Behold, Zebah and Zalmunna, with which ye cast me in the teeth saying, 'Are the hands of Zebah and Zalmunna already in thine hand, that we should give bread unto thy fainty men?'" And he took the elders of the city, and thorns of the wilderness and briers, and all to tear them therewith.
God hath spoken in his holiness: I will rejoice, and divide Shechem, and mete out the valley of Succoth.
God hath spoken in his sanctuary, "I will rejoice therefore, and divide Shechem, and mete out the valley of Succoth.
Smith
Suc'coth
(booths).
1. An ancient town, first heard of in the account of the homeward journey of Jacob from Padan-aram.
The name is derived from the fact of Jacob's having there put up "booths" (succoth) for his cattle as well as a house for himself. From the itinerary of Jacob's return it seems that Succoth lay between Peniel, near the ford of the torrent Jabbok and Shechem. Comp.
and Gene 33:18 In accordance with this is the mention of Succoth in the narrative of Gideon's pursuit of Zebah and Zalluunna.
It would appear from this passage that it lay east of the Jordan, which is corroborated by the fact that it was allotted to the tribe of Gad.
Succoth is named once again after this --in
--as marking the spot at which the brass founderies were placed for casting the metal work of the temple. (Dr. Merrill identifies it with a site called Tell Darala, one mile north of the Jabbok. --ED.)
2. The first camping-place of the Israelites when they left Egypt.
This place was apparently reached at the close of the first days march. Rameses, the starting-place, was probably near the western end of the Wadi-t-Tumeylat. The distance traversed in each day's journey was about fifteen miles.
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And Jacob called the name of the place Peniel, "for I have seen God face to face, and yet is my life reserved."
And as she was in pains of her labour, the midwife said unto her, "Fear not, for thou shalt have this son also."
Thus took the children of Israel their journey from Rameses to Succoth; six hundred thousand men of foot, beside children.
And they took their journey from Succoth: and pitched their tents in Etham in the edge of the wilderness.
And the children of Israel removed from Rameses and pitched in Succoth. And they departed from Succoth and pitched their tents in Etham, which is in the edge of the wilderness.
And in the valley they had Betharam, Bethnimrah, Succoth, and Zaphon, the rest of the kingdom of Sihon king of Heshbon, and Jordan and the coasts that lie thereon, even unto the edge of the sea of Chinnereth, on the other side Jordan eastward.
the mountains melted before the LORD, even mount Sinai before the LORD God of Israel. In the days of Shamgar the son of Anath and in the days of Jael, the highways were unoccupied. And they that walked by paths, went by ways that set compasses about. read more. The villages were uninhabited in Israel; were uninhabited until I, Deborah, arose; until I arose a mother in Israel. "God chose new fashions of war, for when they had war at their gates: there was not seen, among forty thousand, either shield or spear in Israel. Mine heart loveth the maintainers of the law in Israel, that are willing among the people. Bless the LORD, ye that ride on goodly asses and sit in judgment. And ye that walk by the ways, make ditties. Now the archers did cry, where men draw water; there shall they tell of the justice of the LORD, and of the justice of his uplandish folk in Israel. And then the people of the LORD went down unto the gates. Up, up. Deborah! Up, up, and sing a song! Up, Barak, and take thy prey, thou son of Abinoam! "Then they that had escaped, reigned over the proudest of the people. The LORD reigneth over the strong. Ephraim was the first against Amalek, and after them Benjamin, among the people. Of Machir came learned men in the law, and of Zebulun that well could draw with the pen of a scribe. The lords of Issachar were with Deborah. And as Barak, even so was Issachar sent into the valley afoot. But in the divisions of Reuben, were great imaginations of heart. Wherefore abodest thou among the sheepfolds, to hear the bleatings of the flocks? In the divisions of Reuben, great were the imaginations of heart. Gilead abode on the other side Jordan, and why tarried Dan in ships? And Asher sat in the havens of the sea, and abode still in his own coasts.
And in the plain of Jordan did the king cast them: even in the clay of the earth between Succoth and Zarethan.