You gave signs and wonders against Pharaoh, all of his servants, and all of the people of his land because you knew that they acted arrogantly against them. You made a name for yourself, as it is this day.

"But they and our ancestors acted arrogantly and stiffened their neck and did not listen to your commandments.

You warned them so that they would return to your law. Yet they acted arrogantly and did not listen to your commandments but sinned against your judgments that a person must do so that they may live. They turned a stubborn shoulder and stiffened their neck and would not listen.

You are righteous in everything that has come on us, for you dealt faithfully, and we have acted wickedly.