Reference: Captain
Easton
(1.) Heb. sar (1Sa 22:2; 2Sa 23:19). Rendered "chief," Ge 40:2; 41:9; rendered also "prince," Da 1:7; "ruler," Jg 9:30; "governor,' 1Ki 22:26. This same Hebrew word denotes a military captain (Ex 18:21; 2Ki 1:9; De 1:15; 1Sa 18:13, etc.), the "captain of the body-guard" (Ge 37:36; 39:1; 41:10; Jer 40:1), or, as the word may be rendered, "chief of the executioners" (marg.). The officers of the king's body-guard frequently acted as executioners. Nebuzar-adan (Jer 39:13) and Arioch (Da 2:14) held this office in Babylon.
The "captain of the guard" mentioned in Ac 28:16 was the Praetorian prefect, the commander of the Praetorian troops.
(2.) Another word (Heb. katsin) so translated denotes sometimes a military (Jos 10:24; 11/6/type/juliasmith'>Jg 11:6,11; Isa 22:3 "rulers;" Da 11:18) and sometimes a civil command, a judge, magistrate, Arab. kady, (Isa 1:10; 3:6; Mic 3:1,9).
(3.) It is also the rendering of a Hebrew word (shalish) meaning "a third man," or "one of three." The LXX. render in plural by tristatai; i.e., "soldiers fighting from chariots," so called because each war-chariot contained three men, one of whom acted as charioteer while the other two fought (Ex 14:7; 15:4; 1Ki 9:22; comp. 2Ki 9:25). This word is used also to denote the king's body-guard (2Ki 10:25; 1Ch 12:18; 2Ch 11:11) or aides-de-camp.
(4.) The "captain of the temple" mentioned in Ac 4:1; 5:24 was not a military officer, but superintendent of the guard of priests and Levites who kept watch in the temple by night. (Comp. "the ruler of the house of God," 1Ch 9:11; 2Ch 31:13; Ne 11:11.)
(5.) The Captain of our salvation is a name given to our Lord (Heb 2:10), because he is the author and source of our salvation, the head of his people, whom he is conducting to glory. The "captain of the Lord's host" (Jos 5:14-15) is the name given to that mysterious person who manifested himself to Abraham (Ge 12:7), and to Moses in the bush (Ex 3:2,6, etc.) the Angel of the covenant. (See Angel.)
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And Jehovah shall be seen to Abram, and will say, To thy seed will I give this land, and he will build there an altar to Jehovah, being seen to him.
And the Midianites sold him in Egypt to Potiphar, an eunuch of Pharaoh chief of the cooks.
And Joseph was brought down to Egypt: and Potiphar will buy him, Pharaoh's eunuch, chief of the cooks, an Egyptian man, from the hand of the Ishmaelites who brought him down there.
And Pharaoh will be angry against his two eunuchs, against the chief of the cup-bearers, and against the chief of the bakers.
And the chief of the cup-bearers will speak to Pharaoh, saying, I, remembering my sin this day. Pharaoh was angry with his servants, and gave me in guard in the house of the chief of the cooks, me and the chief of the bakers.
And the messenger of Jehovah will be seen to him in a flame of fire from the midst of the bramble; and he will see, and behold, the bramble burning in fire, and the bramble was not consumed.
And he will say, I am the God of thy father, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaak and the God of Jacob. And Moses will hide his face, for he will be afraid to look to God.
And he will take six hundred chosen chariots, and all the horsemen of Egypt, and rulers over them all.
The chariots of Pharaoh and his army he threw into the sea; his chosen rulers sank in the sea of sedge.
And thou shalt look out from all the people men of ability, fearing God, men of truth, men hating gain; and set thou over them chiefs of thousands, chiefs of hundreds, chiefs of fifties, and chiefs of ten.
And I will take the heads of your tribes, men wise and known, and I will give them heads over you, captains of thousands, and captains and hundreds, and captains of fifties, and captains of tens, and scribes for your tribes.
And he will say, No; but I chief of the army of Jehovah come now. And Joshua will fall on his face to the earth and will worship him, and will say to him, What speaks my lord to his servant? And the captain of Jehovah's host will say to Joshua, Put off thy shoe from thy foot, for the place which thou standest upon it, it is holy: and Joshua will do so.
And it will be when they brought these kings forth to Joshua, and Joshua will call to every man of Israel, and will say to the leaders of the men of war having gone with him, Come near, put your feet upon the necks of these kings. And they will come near and put their feet upon their necks.
And Zebul the ruler of the city will hear the words of Gaal, son of Ebed, and his wrath will kindle.
And they will say to Jephthah, Come and be to us for leader, and we will war against the sons of Ammon.
And Jephthah will go with the old men of Gilead, and the people will set him over them for head and for chief: and Jephthah will speak all his words before Jehovah in Mizpeh.
And there will gather to him every man being pressed and every man which to him a creditor, and every man bitter of soul; and he will be for chief over them: and there will be with him about four hundred men.
And the king of Israel will say, Take Micaiah and turn him back to Amon, chief of the city, and to Joash son of the king.
And he will say to Bidkar the third, Lift up, cast him in the portion of the field of Naboth the Jezreelite; for I remember I and thou riding in pairs after Ahab his father, and Jehovah lifted up upon him this lifting up.
And it will be when they finished doing the burnt-offering, and Jehu will say to the runners and to the third rulers, Go in; strike them; a man shall not go forth. And they will strike them with the mouth of the sword and the runners and the thirds will cast out, and they will go even to the city of the house of Baal.
And Azariah son of Hilkiah, son of Meshullam, son of Zadok, son of Meraioth, son of Ahitub, leader of the house of God.
Seraiah son of Hilkiah, son of Meshullam, son of Zadok, son of Meraioth, son of Ahitub, before the house of God.
Hear the word of Jehovah, ye leaders of Sodom: give ear to the law of our God, ye people of Gomorrah.
For a man shall seize upon his brother of the house of his father, A garment to thee, thou shalt be chief to us, this ruin under thy hand:
All thy chiefs fled together, they were bound of the bow: all they finding thee were bound together; they fled from from far off.
And Nebuzaradan chief of the cooks will send, and Nebushasban, Rabsaris, Nergal-Sharezer, Rab-Mag, and all the chiefs of the king of Babel;
The word which was to Jeremiah from Jehovah after Nebuzaradan chief of the cooks sent him from Ramah, in his taking him, he being bound in manacles in the midst of all the captivity of Jerusalem and Judah, being carried away captive to Babel.
And the chief of the eunuchs will set names to them: to David, Belteshazzar; and to Hananiah, Shadrach; and to Mishael, Meshach; and to Azariah, Abed-Nego.
At that time Daniel turned back counsel and reason to Arioch, leader of the king's executioners, that went forth to kill to the wise of Babel:
And he will turn back his face to the isles and take many: and a leader caused his reproach to cease to him; besides his reproach shall turn back to him.
And saying, Hear now, ye heads of Jacob, and ye judges of the house of Israel: Is it not for you to know judgment?
Hear now this, ye heads of the house of Jacob, and judges of the house of Israel abhorring judgment, and they will pervert all uprightness.
And they speaking to the people, the priests, and commander of the temple, and the Sadducees, resisted them,
And when the priest and captain of the temple and chief priests heard these words, they were in doubt of them, what this might be.
And when we came to Rome, the centurion delivered the prisoners to the commander of the camp: but to Paul it was permitted to remain by himself with a soldier watching him.
For it became him, for whom all things, and by whom all things, in bringing many sons to glory, to perfect the chief of their salvation by sufferings.
Fausets
CAPTAIN OF THE TEMPLE (Lu 22:4; Ac 4:1; 5:24): not military, but over the guard of the temple, consisting of priests and Levites (2Ki 12:9), "the priests that kept the door" (2Ki 25:18); they visited the posts by night, and saw that the sentries were on the alert. In Heb 2:10, (Greek "Prince leader of their salvation,") the antitypical Joshua who leads us into the heavenly Canaan. The same Greek in Heb 12:2, "the Author," rather "Prince leader of our faith." Ac 3:15, "Prince of life."
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And Jehoida the priest will take one ark and bore a hole in its door, and he will give it by the altar on the right in a man's coming to the house of Jehovah: and the priests watching the threshold will give there all the silver being brought to the house of Jehovah.
And Jehoida the priest will take one ark and bore a hole in its door, and he will give it by the altar on the right in a man's coming to the house of Jehovah: and the priests watching the threshold will give there all the silver being brought to the house of Jehovah.
And the chief of the cooks will take Seraiah the head priest, and Zephaniah the second priest, and the three watchers of the threshold:
And the chief of the cooks will take Seraiah the head priest, and Zephaniah the second priest, and the three watchers of the threshold:
And having departed, he conversed with the chief priests and the generals, how he might deliver him to them.
And having departed, he conversed with the chief priests and the generals, how he might deliver him to them.
And ye killed the Author of life, whom God raised from the dead; of whom we are witnesses.
And ye killed the Author of life, whom God raised from the dead; of whom we are witnesses.
And they speaking to the people, the priests, and commander of the temple, and the Sadducees, resisted them,
And they speaking to the people, the priests, and commander of the temple, and the Sadducees, resisted them,
And when the priest and captain of the temple and chief priests heard these words, they were in doubt of them, what this might be.
And when the priest and captain of the temple and chief priests heard these words, they were in doubt of them, what this might be.
For it became him, for whom all things, and by whom all things, in bringing many sons to glory, to perfect the chief of their salvation by sufferings.
For it became him, for whom all things, and by whom all things, in bringing many sons to glory, to perfect the chief of their salvation by sufferings.
Looking in the distance to Jesus the author and completer of the faith; who for the joy laid before him endured the cross, having despised the shame, and sat down on the right hand of the throne of God.
Looking in the distance to Jesus the author and completer of the faith; who for the joy laid before him endured the cross, having despised the shame, and sat down on the right hand of the throne of God.
Hastings
This word occurs very frequently in the OT (AV and RV), and appears to have been favoured by the translators as a comprehensive term to denote a ruler, or a military commander of any unit, whatever its size might be. In modern military language it means especially the commander of a company of infantry, numbering about 100 to 110 men, and is quite unsuitable as a translation. It represents in OT 13 different Hebrew words. In Ezekiel it is often used for the secular head of the Messianic kingdom: 'prince' will there and often elsewhere do as a rendering; 'officer' and 'chief' will suit other passages. There are further places where none of these words will do as a translation. In the NT it translates four Greek words, and means: (1) Joh 18:12; Ac 22:28 a Roman military officer, a tribune of the soldiers, in command of about 1000 men, constituting the garrison of Jerusalem (hence Re 6:15; 19:18 in a general sense); (2) Lu 22:4,52; Ac 4:1 etc., the captain of the Temple, a Levite, who had under him a body of police, probably themselves also priests, whose duty it was to keep order in the Temple at Jerusalem and guard it by night; (3) Heb 2:10 (RV 'author') leader, initiator; (4) Ac 28:16 AV 'captain of the guard' (wanting in RV), a doubtful reading and of doubtful sense. See also Army,
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And having departed, he conversed with the chief priests and the generals, how he might deliver him to them.
And Jesus said to the chief priests, and generals of the temple, and the elders, having come to him, Have ye come out, as upon a robber, with sword and sticks?
Then the band and captain of a thousand and attendants of the Jews took Jesus, and bound him,
And they speaking to the people, the priests, and commander of the temple, and the Sadducees, resisted them,
And the captain of a thousand answered, I obtained this citizenship for much capital. And Paul said, And I have been born.
And when we came to Rome, the centurion delivered the prisoners to the commander of the camp: but to Paul it was permitted to remain by himself with a soldier watching him.
For it became him, for whom all things, and by whom all things, in bringing many sons to glory, to perfect the chief of their salvation by sufferings.
And the kings of the earth, and the great, and the rich, and the captains of thousands, and the powerful, and every servant, and every one free, hid themselves in caves and in rocks of the mountains;
That ye might eat the flesh of kings, and the flesh of captains of thousands, and the flesh of the strong, and the flesh of horses, and of them sitting upon them, and the flesh of all, free and servants, and of small and great.
Morish
In the O.T. this word is used for one filling any office of rule or command: as the head of a tribe, Nu 2:3-29; commander of an army, etc. The person who appeared to Joshua as 'a man' declared himself to be 'captain of the Lord's host.' He told Joshua to remove his shoes from his feet, for the ground was holy, evincing that he was God's representative to lead their warfare. Jos 5:14-15. In the N.T. the Lord is called 'Captain' of our salvation, ???????, 'chief leader.' Heb 2:10.
There was also a 'CAPTAIN OF THE TEMPLE,' ?????????. Lu 22:4,52; Ac 4:1; 5:24,26. This word is literally 'the leader of an army;' it is also applied to magistrates, Ac 16:20, but the captain of the temple was set not over the soldiers, but over the priests and Levites: cf. Nu 3:32; 1Ch 9:11; Jer 20:1.
THE CHIEF CAPTAIN or HIGH CAPTAIN is ?????????, lit. 'Captain of a thousand,' applied to the chief of the soldiers in Jerusalem. Acts 21 - 25.
CAPTAIN OF THE GUARD, Ac 28:16, is ??????????????, properly 'commander of a camp,' but here the prefect of the Praetorian Guard, an officer to whom state prisoners were entrusted at Rome.
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And they encamping eastward from the sunrising, the flag of the camp Judah for their warfare; and the chief for the sons of Judah, Nashon, son of Amminadab And his army, and they being reviewed, four and seventy thousand and six hundred. read more. And they encamping by him, the tribe of Issachar: and the chief for the sons of Issachar, Nathaneel, son of Zuar. And his army, and they being reviewed, four and fifty thousand and four hundred. The tribe of Zebulon: and the chief for the sons of Zebulon, Eliab, son of Helon. And his army, they being reviewed, seven and fifty thousand and four hundred. All they being reviewed for the camp of Judah, a hundred thousand and eighty thousand and six thousand and four hundred, for their warfare: they shall first remove. The flag of the camp. of Reuben, south, according to their armies: and the chief for the sons of Reuben, Elizur, the son of Shedeur. And his army, and they being reviewed, six and forty thousand and five hundred. And they encamping by him, the tribe of Simeon: and the chief for the sons of Simeon, Shelumiel, son of Zurishaddai. And his army, and they being reviewed, nine and fifty thousand and three hundred. And the tribe of Gad: and the chief for the sons of Gad, Eliasaph, son of ReueL And his army, and they being reviewed, five and forty thousand, and six hundred and fifty. All they being reviewed for the camp of Reuben, a hundred thousand and one and fifty thousand, and four hundred and fifty, according to their armies: they shall remove second. And the tent of appointment shall be removed, the camp of the Levites in the midst of the camp. As they shall encamp, so shall they remove, every man upon his hand according to their flags. The flag of the camp of Ephraim, according to their armies, for their warfare, the sea: and the chief for the sons of Ephraim, Elishama, son of Ammihud. And his army, and they being reviewed, forty thousand five hundred. And by him the tribe of Manasseh: and the chief for the sons of Manasseh, Gamaliel, son of Pedahzur. And his army, and they being reviewed, two and thirty thousand and two hundred. And the tribe of Benjamin: and the chief for the sons of Benjamin, Abidan, son of Gideoni. And his army, and they being reviewed, five and thirty thousand and four hundred. All they being reviewed of the camp of Ephraim, a hundred thousand and eight thousand and a hundred, according to their armies: and they shall remove third. The flag of the camp of Dan, northward, according to their armies: and the chief for the sons of Dan, Ahiezer, son of Ammishaddai. And his army, and they being reviewed, two and sixty thousand and seven hundred. And they encamping by him, the tribe of Asher: and the chief for the sons of Asher, Pagiel the son of Ocran. And his army, and they being reviewed, one and forty thousand and five hundred. And the tribe of Naphtali: the chief for the sons of Naphtali, Ahira, son of Enan.
And the chief of the chiefs of the Levites, Eleazar, son of Aaron the priest, set over those watching the watches of the holy place.
And he will say, No; but I chief of the army of Jehovah come now. And Joshua will fall on his face to the earth and will worship him, and will say to him, What speaks my lord to his servant? And the captain of Jehovah's host will say to Joshua, Put off thy shoe from thy foot, for the place which thou standest upon it, it is holy: and Joshua will do so.
And Pashur, son of Immer the priest, and he appointed overseer of the house of Jehovah, will hear Jeremiah prophesying these words.
And having departed, he conversed with the chief priests and the generals, how he might deliver him to them.
And Jesus said to the chief priests, and generals of the temple, and the elders, having come to him, Have ye come out, as upon a robber, with sword and sticks?
And they speaking to the people, the priests, and commander of the temple, and the Sadducees, resisted them,
And when the priest and captain of the temple and chief priests heard these words, they were in doubt of them, what this might be.
Then the commander having gone with attendants, brought them, not with force: for they feared the people, lest they might be stoned.
And having brought them to the generals, they said, These the men who cause disturbance to our city, being Jews,
And when we came to Rome, the centurion delivered the prisoners to the commander of the camp: but to Paul it was permitted to remain by himself with a soldier watching him.
For it became him, for whom all things, and by whom all things, in bringing many sons to glory, to perfect the chief of their salvation by sufferings.
Smith
Captain.
1. As a purely military title, "captain" answers to sar in the Hebrew army and tribune in the Roman. The captain of the guard in
was probably the prefectus pratorio.
2. Katsin, occasionally rendered captain, applies Sometimes to a military,
Jos 10:24; 11/6/type/juliasmith'>Jg 11:6,11; Isa 22:3; Da 11:18
sometimes to a civil command, e.g.
3. The captain of the temple, mentioned
superintended the guard of priests and Levites who kept watch by night in the temple.
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And it will be when they brought these kings forth to Joshua, and Joshua will call to every man of Israel, and will say to the leaders of the men of war having gone with him, Come near, put your feet upon the necks of these kings. And they will come near and put their feet upon their necks.
And they will say to Jephthah, Come and be to us for leader, and we will war against the sons of Ammon.
And Jephthah will go with the old men of Gilead, and the people will set him over them for head and for chief: and Jephthah will speak all his words before Jehovah in Mizpeh.
Hear the word of Jehovah, ye leaders of Sodom: give ear to the law of our God, ye people of Gomorrah.
All thy chiefs fled together, they were bound of the bow: all they finding thee were bound together; they fled from from far off.
And he will turn back his face to the isles and take many: and a leader caused his reproach to cease to him; besides his reproach shall turn back to him.
And they speaking to the people, the priests, and commander of the temple, and the Sadducees, resisted them,
And when the priest and captain of the temple and chief priests heard these words, they were in doubt of them, what this might be.