Reference: Debt
Easton
The Mosaic law encouraged the practice of lending (De 15:7; Ps 37:26; Mt 5:42); but it forbade the exaction of interest except from foreigners. Usury was strongly condemned (Pr 28:8; Eze 18:8,13,17; 22:12; Ps 15:5). On the Sabbatical year all pecuniary obligations were cancelled (De 15:1-11). These regulations prevented the accumulation of debt.
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"At the end of every seven years you shall grant a release. And this is the manner of the release: every creditor shall release what he has lent to his neighbor. He shall not exact it of his neighbor, his brother, because the LORD's release has been proclaimed. read more. Of a foreigner you may exact it, but whatever of yours is with your brother your hand shall release. But there will be no poor among you; for the LORD will bless you in the land that the LORD your God is giving you for an inheritance to possess-- if only you will strictly obey the voice of the LORD your God, being careful to do all this commandment that I command you today. For the LORD your God will bless you, as he promised you, and you shall lend to many nations, but you shall not borrow, and you shall rule over many nations, but they shall not rule over you. "If among you, one of your brothers should become poor, in any of your towns within your land that the LORD your God is giving you, you shall not harden your heart or shut your hand against your poor brother,
"If among you, one of your brothers should become poor, in any of your towns within your land that the LORD your God is giving you, you shall not harden your heart or shut your hand against your poor brother, but you shall open your hand to him and lend him sufficient for his need, whatever it may be. read more. Take care lest there be an unworthy thought in your heart and you say, 'The seventh year, the year of release is near,' and your eye look grudgingly on your poor brother, and you give him nothing, and he cry to the LORD against you, and you be guilty of sin. You shall give to him freely, and your heart shall not be grudging when you give to him, because for this the LORD your God will bless you in all your work and in all that you undertake. For there will never cease to be poor in the land. Therefore I command you, 'You shall open wide your hand to your brother, to the needy and to the poor, in your land.'
who does not put out his money at interest and does not take a bribe against the innocent. He who does these things shall never be moved.
He is ever lending generously, and his children become a blessing.
Whoever multiplies his wealth by interest and profit gathers it for him who is generous to the poor.
does not lend at interest or take any profit, withholds his hand from injustice, executes true justice between man and man,
lends at interest, and takes profit; shall he then live? He shall not live. He has done all these abominations; he shall surely die; his blood shall be upon himself.
withholds his hand from iniquity, takes no interest or profit, obeys my rules, and walks in my statutes; he shall not die for his father's iniquity; he shall surely live.
In you they take bribes to shed blood; you take interest and profit and make gain of your neighbors by extortion; but me you have forgotten, declares the Lord GOD.
Give to the one who begs from you, and do not refuse the one who would borrow from you.
Hastings
DEBT
1. In OT.
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"If you lend money to any of my people with you who is poor, you shall not be like a moneylender to him, and you shall not exact interest from him.
"For six years you shall sow your land and gather in its yield,
Take no interest from him or profit, but fear your God, that your brother may live beside you.
"You shall not charge interest on loans to your brother, interest on money, interest on food, interest on anything that is lent for interest
"When you make your neighbor a loan of any sort, you shall not go into his house to collect his pledge.
The LORD will open to you his good treasury, the heavens, to give the rain to your land in its season and to bless all the work of your hands. And you shall lend to many nations, but you shall not borrow.
He shall lend to you, and you shall not lend to him. He shall be the head, and you shall be the tail.
Now the wife of one of the sons of the prophets cried to Elisha, "Your servant my husband is dead, and you know that your servant feared the LORD, but the creditor has come to take my two children to be his slaves." And Elisha said to her, "What shall I do for you? Tell me; what have you in the house?" And she said, "Your servant has nothing in the house except a jar of oil." read more. Then he said, "Go outside, borrow vessels from all your neighbors, empty vessels and not too few. Then go in and shut the door behind yourself and your sons and pour into all these vessels. And when one is full, set it aside." So she went from him and shut the door behind herself and her sons. And as she poured they brought the vessels to her. When the vessels were full, she said to her son, "Bring me another vessel." And he said to her, "There is not another." Then the oil stopped flowing. She came and told the man of God, and he said, "Go, sell the oil and pay your debts, and you and your sons can live on the rest."
And if the peoples of the land bring in goods or any grain on the Sabbath day to sell, we will not buy from them on the Sabbath or on a holy day. And we will forego the crops of the seventh year and the exaction of every debt.
They drive away the donkey of the fatherless; they take the widow's ox for a pledge.
who does not put out his money at interest and does not take a bribe against the innocent. He who does these things shall never be moved.
The wicked borrows but does not pay back, but the righteous is generous and gives;
The wicked borrows but does not pay back, but the righteous is generous and gives;
Whoever is generous to the poor lends to the LORD, and he will repay him for his deed.
The rich rules over the poor, and the borrower is the slave of the lender.
Whoever multiplies his wealth by interest and profit gathers it for him who is generous to the poor.
And it shall be, as with the people, so with the priest; as with the slave, so with his master; as with the maid, so with her mistress; as with the buyer, so with the seller; as with the lender, so with the borrower; as with the creditor, so with the debtor.
Thus says the LORD: "Where is your mother's certificate of divorce, with which I sent her away? Or which of my creditors is it to whom I have sold you? Behold, for your iniquities you were sold, and for your transgressions your mother was sent away.
Woe is me, my mother, that you bore me, a man of strife and contention to the whole land! I have not lent, nor have I borrowed, yet all of them curse me.
and forgive us our debts, as we also have forgiven our debtors.
"Therefore the kingdom of heaven may be compared to a king who wished to settle accounts with his servants.
"Therefore the kingdom of heaven may be compared to a king who wished to settle accounts with his servants.
Then you ought to have invested my money with the bankers, and at my coming I should have received what was my own with interest.
And if you lend to those from whom you expect to receive, what credit is that to you? Even sinners lend to sinners, to get back the same amount. But love your enemies, and do good, and lend, expecting nothing in return, and your reward will be great, and you will be sons of the Most High, for he is kind to the ungrateful and the evil.
"A certain moneylender had two debtors. One owed five hundred denarii, and the other fifty.
So, summoning his master's debtors one by one, he said to the first, 'How much do you owe my master?'
Why then did you not put my money in the bank, and at my coming I might have collected it with interest?'
by canceling the record of debt that stood against us with its legal demands. This he set aside, nailing it to the cross.