Reference: Genealogy of Jesus Christ
Fausets
Needed, to show that redemption was no afterthought, but designed from the first. Abraham and David in Matthew's Gospel are singled out to prove the fulfillment in Christ of the promises made to Abraham 2,000 years previously, and to David 1,000. The Old Testament begins with "Genesis" ("generation"); so also the New Testament begins with the genesis ("generation," Mt 1:1) of Jesus Christ. Matthew's Gospel contains, not Joseph's direct ancestors, but the succession of heirs to David's and Solomon's throne. The tracing of Christ's descent through Judah's royal line harmonizes with the kingly aspect of Jesus Christ in Matthew's Gospel. The steps of Joseph's direct parentage did not coincide with those of the succession to the throne. Solomon's line failed, and Nathan's and Neri's succeeded as legal heirs.
Hence the need of two genealogies, one (Matthew) of the succession, the other (Luke) of the parentage. Jeremiah (Jer 22:30) declares Jeconiah, Coniah, or Jehoiachin was to be childless. He cannot therefore have been lineal progenitor of Jesus Christ. It is at this point in the genealogy, i.e. after Jehoiachin, the same names occur in both lists, Salathiel and Zerubbabel taken (in Matthew) from the line of Nathan (Luke) to supply the failure of Jehoiachin's issue. The promise was, Messiah was to be "of the fruit of the loins of David" (Ac 2:30), but to Solomon only that "his throne should be established evermore" (1Ch 17:14). So a double genealogy of Jair is given, one of the inheritance, the other of birth (1Ch 2:4-5,21-22; Nu 32:41). Matthew appropriately, as writing for Jews, gives Christ's legal descent; Luke, for Gentiles, the natural descent.
Matthew downward, from Abraham the father of the Jews (naturally, but of the Gentiles also spiritually: Ge 17:5; Ro 4:16-17); Luke upward, to Adam, "who was the son of God" and the father of Gentiles and Jews alike. The words "as was supposed" (Lu 3:23) imply that Christ's sonship to Joseph was only a reputed not a real one. Yet He was God's extraordinary gift to Joseph through his proper wife Mary, and the fruit of his marriage to her, not as natural offspring of his body but as supernatural fruit. Hence attention is drawn to Joseph's being "son of David" (Mt 1:20), "of the house and lineage of David" (Lu 2:4, compare Lu 1:32). Matthew omits three links of the pedigree. "Joram begat Ozias," i.e. Uzziah. But Joram really begat Ahaziah, Ahaziah Jehoash, Jehoash Uzziah. If the two genealogies contained anything false or mutually contradictory, Christ's enemies would have convicted them from the public documents.
Clearly men in that day saw nothing irreconcilable in them. From Abraham to David both agree, thenceforward the names differ. Luke has 42 names from David, Matthew only 27 names. The less number in Matthew is intelligible, if he be only tracing the heir's to the throne; for "the heir of my heir is my heir." So intermediate heirs are omitted without risk of misconception, for spiritual reasons; e.g., Simeon is omitted in Moses' blessing (Deuteronomy 33) on account of his cruelty, Dan in Revelation 7 for his idolatry. The full number is given in Luke, as naming the natural line. Mary must have been of the same tribe and family as Joseph, according to the law (Nu 36:8). Isa 11:1 implies that Messiah was the seed of David by natural as well as legal descent. Probably Matthan of Matthew is the Matthat of Luke, and Jacob and Heli were brothers; and Heli's son Joseph, and Jacob's daughter Mary, first cousins. Joseph, as male heir of his uncle Jacob, who had only one child, Mary, would marry her according to the law (Nu 36:8).
Thus the genealogy of the inheritance (Matthew's) and that of natural descent (Luke's) would be primarily Joseph's, then Mary's also. The number 14 has some mystic signification (compare Nu 29:13; 1Ki 8:65). It is the double of seven the number for completeness; the periods of 14 in Matthew are the sacred three. The period from Abraham to David is that of patriarchs; from David to the Babylonian captivity that of kings; from the captivity to Christ private individuals. The first and second tessaradecade have an illustrious beginning; the third not so, that its ending in Messiah might stand forth pre-eminent above all that went before.
The first is that of promise, beginning with. Abraham and ending with David, the receivers of the promise; the second adumbrates Christ's eternal kingdom through the temporary kingdom of David's line; the third period is that of expectation. On Cainan in Luke's Gospel, (See CAINAN. The name Jehoiakim seemingly has dropped out, Josiah's son and Jeconiah's father; otherwise David would have to be counted twice to make up the second 14. Five females are in Matthew's Gospel: incestuous Tamar, Rahab the Moabitess and a harlot, Ruth, Uriah's wife Bathsheba the object of David's adulterous love, and above all Mary; all extraordinary monuments of God's grace, that chooses out of the vilest to make vessels unto honor, for the bringing forth of the promised Seed, who was to save sinners of every type and race.
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And thy name shall no more be called Abram, - but thy name shall become Abraham, for father of a multitude of nations, have I appointed thee;
Then shall ye bring near as an ascending-sacrifice - an altar-flame of a satisfying odour unto Yahweh, - thirteen choice bullocks two rams, - fourteen he-lambs a year old without defect, shall they be;
And Jair, son of Manasseh, went, and captured their encampments, - and called them Havvoth-jair.
And, every daughter possessing all inheritance from among the tribes of the sons of Israel, unto one of the family of the tribe of her father, shall become wife, - to the intent that the sons of Israel may possess each one the inheritance of his fathers;
And, every daughter possessing all inheritance from among the tribes of the sons of Israel, unto one of the family of the tribe of her father, shall become wife, - to the intent that the sons of Israel may possess each one the inheritance of his fathers;
And, Tamar his daughter-in-law, bare him, Perez and Zerah. All the sons of Judah, were five. The sons of Perez, Hezron and Hamul.
And, afterward, Hezron went in unto the daughter of Machir, father of Gilead, and he took her when he was sixty years old, - and she bare him Segub. And, Segub, begat Jair, - who came to have twenty-three cities, in the land of Gilead;
but I will cause him to remain over my house and over my kingdom, unto times age-abiding, - and, his throne, shall be established, unto times age-abiding.
But there shall come forth a shoot from the stock of Jesse, - And, a sprout from his roots, shall bear fruit; And the spirit of Yahweh shall rest upon him, -
Thus, saith Yahweh, - Register ye this man, childless, A man who shall not prosper in his days, - For there shall prosper of his seed No man sitting upon the throne of David, Or ruling any more over Judah.
The Lineage Roll of Jesus Christ, - Son of David, Son of Abraham.
But, when, these things, he had pondered, lo! a messenger of the Lord, by dream, appeared to him, saying, - Joseph, son of David! do not fear to take unto thee Mary thy wife, for, that which, in her, hath been begotten, is of the , Holy, Spirit.
the same, shall be great, and, Son of the Most High, shall be called, and the Lord God, will give unto him, the throne of David his father, -
And Joseph also went up from Galilee, out of a city Nazareth, into Judaea, into the city of David which is called Bethlehem; because he was of the house and family of David:
And, Jesus himself, was, when he began, about thirty years of age, being the son, as was supposed - of Joseph, of Heli:
Being then, a prophet, and knowing that, with an oath, God had sworn unto him, of the fruit of his loins, to seat on his throne,
For this cause, it is by faith, in order that it may be by way of favour, so that the promise is firm unto all the seed, - not unto that by the law only, but unto that also which is such by the faith of Abraham; who is father of us all, - Even as it is written - Father of many nations, have I appointed thee: before him whom he believed - God, who causeth the dead to live, and calleth the things that are not as things that are: -
Hastings
GENEALOGY OF JESUS CHRIST
1. The two genealogies.
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This, is the thing which Yahweh hath commanded, as to the daughters of Zelophehad saying: Unto whomsoever it may be good in their eyes, let them become wives, - save only unto the family of the tribe of their father, let them become wives.
These, then, are the generations of Perez: Perez, begat, Hezron; And, Hezron, begat, Ram, and, Ram, begat, Amminadab; read more. And, Amminadab, begat Nahshon, and, Nahshon, begat, Salmon, And, Salmon, begat, Boaz, and, Boaz, begat, Obed; And, Obed, begat, Jesse, and, Jesse, begat, David.
Adam, Seth, Enosh: Kenan, Mahalalel, Jared: read more. Enoch, Methuselah, Lamech: Noah, Shem, Ham, and Japheth. The sons of Japheth, Gomer, and Magog, and Madai, and Javan, and Tubal, and Meshech and Tiras. And, the sons of Gomer, Ashkenaz, and Diphath, and Togarmah. And, the sons of Javan, Elishah, and Tarshish, - Kittim, and Rodanim. The sons of Ham, Cush, and Mizraim, Put, and Canaan. And, the sons of Cush, Seba, and Havilah, and Sabta, and Raama, and Sabteca. And, the sons of Raamah, Sheba, and Dedan. And, Cush, begat Nimrod, - he, began to be a mighty one in the earth. And, Mizraim, begat Ludim, and Anamim, and Lehabim, and Naphtuhim, and Pathrusim, and Casluhim - whence went forth the Philistines, and Caphtorim. And, Canaan, begat Zidon his firstborn, and Heth;
and the Hivite, and the Arkite, and the Sinite; and the Arvadite, and the Zemarite, and the Hamathite. read more. The sons of Shem, Elam, and Asshur, and Arpachshad, and Lud, and Aram, - and Uz, and Hul, and Gethur, and Meshech. And, Arpachshad, begat Shelah, - and, Shelah, begat Eber. And, unto Eber, were born two sons, - the name of the one, was Peleg, for, in his days, was the earth divided, and, the name of his brother, was Joktan. And, Joktan, begat Almodad, and Sheleph, - and Hazarmaveth, and Jerah; and Hadoram, and Uzal, and Diklah; and Ebal, and Abimael, and Sheba; and Ophir, and Havilah, and Jobab. All these, were the sons of Joktan. Shem, Arpachshad, Shelah; Eber, Peleg, Reu; Serug, Nahor, Terah; Abram - the same, is Abraham.
These, are the sons of Israel, - Reuben, Simeon, Levi, and Judah, Issachar, and Zebulun; Dan, Joseph, and Benjamin, Naphtali, Gad, and Asher, read more. the sons of Judah, Er, and Onan, and Shelah, the three born to him of the daughter of Shua the Canaanitess, - but Er the firstborn of Judah became wicked in the eyes of Yahweh, and he slew him. And, Tamar his daughter-in-law, bare him, Perez and Zerah. All the sons of Judah, were five. The sons of Perez, Hezron and Hamul. And, the sons of Zerah, Zimri and Ethan, and Heman and Calcol and Dara, all of them, five. And, the sons of Carmi, Achar, the troubler of Israel, who transgressed in a thing devoted. And, the sons of Ethan, Azariah. And, the sons of Hezron, who were born to him, Jerahmeel, and Ram, and Calubai. And, Ram, begat Amminadab, - and, Amminadab, begat Nahshon, leader of the sons of Judah. And, Nahshon, begat Salma, and, Salma, begat Boaz; and, Boaz, begat Obed, and, Obed, begat Jesse; and, Jesse, begat - his firstborn, Eliab, - and Abinadab, the second, and Shimea, the third; Nethanel, the fourth, Raddai, the fifth; Ozem, the sixth, David, the seventh. And, their sisters, were Zeruiah and Abigail, - and, the sons of Zeruiah, Abishai and Joab and Asahel, three,
And, the son of Solomon, was Rehoboam, - Abijah his son, Asa his son, Jehoshaphat his son; Joram his son, Ahaziah his son, Joash his son; read more. Amaziah his son, Azariah his son, Jotham his son; Ahaz his son, Hezekiah his son, Manasseh his son; Amon his son, Josiah his son. And, the sons of Josiah, the firstborn, Johanan, the second, Jehoiakim, - the third, Zedekiah, the fourth, Shallum.
And, the sons of Josiah, the firstborn, Johanan, the second, Jehoiakim, - the third, Zedekiah, the fourth, Shallum.
And, the sons of Pedaiah, Zerubbabel, and Shimei, - and, the sons of Zerubbabel, Meshullam, and Hananiah, and, Shelomith, was their sister;
and, the sons of Elioenai, Hodaviah, and Eliashib, and Pelaiah, and Akkub, and Johanan, and Delaiah, and Anani - seven.
But, the rest of the story of Jehoiakim, and his abominations which he made, and that which was found upon him, there they are, written in the book of the Kings of Israel and Judah, - and Jehoiachin his son reigned in his stead.
Then arose - Jeshua son of Jozadak and his brethren the priests, and Zerubbabel son of Shealtiel and his brethren, and built the altar of the God of Israel, - to offer thereon ascending-sacrifices, as it was written in the law of Moses, the man of God.
As I live, Declareth Yahweh, - Even though Coniah son of Jehoiakim king of Judah were the signet-ring upon my right hand, yet, from thence, would I pull thee off;
As I live, Declareth Yahweh, - Even though Coniah son of Jehoiakim king of Judah were the signet-ring upon my right hand, yet, from thence, would I pull thee off;
Thus, saith Yahweh, - Register ye this man, childless, A man who shall not prosper in his days, - For there shall prosper of his seed No man sitting upon the throne of David, Or ruling any more over Judah.
And it came to pass, in the thirty-seventh year of the captivity of Jehoiachin king of Judah, in the twelfth month, on the twenty-fifth of the month, that Evil-merodach king of Babylon, in the year he began to reign, lifted up, the head of Jehoiachin king of Judah, and brought him forth out of prison;
Abraham begat Isaac, and Isaac begat Jacob, and Jacob, begat Judah and his brethren; And Judah begat Perez and Zarah of Tamah, and Perez begat Hezron, and Hezron begat Ram;
And Salmon begat Boaz of Rahab, and Boaz begat Obed of Ruth, and Obed begat Jesse;
And Eliud begat Eleazar, and Eleazar begat Matthan, and Matthan begat Jacob; - And Jacob begat Joseph, the husband of Mary, of whom was born Jesus, - who is called Christ.
And Jacob begat Joseph, the husband of Mary, of whom was born Jesus, - who is called Christ.
Now the birth, of Jesus Christ, was, thus: His mother Mary having been betrothed to Joseph, - before they came together, she was found with child by the Holy Spirit.
And, hearing that it was, Jesus the Nazarene, he began to be crying aloud, and saying - O Son of David! Jesus! have mercy on me.
Blessed, is the coming kingdom of our father David! Hosanna in the highest!
It came to pass, in the days of Herod, king of Judaea, that there was a certain priest, by name Zachariah, of the daily course of Abia; and that he had a wife of the daughters of Aaron, and, her name, was Elizabeth.
And lo! Elizabeth thy kinswoman, even she, hath conceived a son in, her old-age; - and, this month, is, the sixth, to her, the so-called barren one;
And lo! Elizabeth thy kinswoman, even she, hath conceived a son in, her old-age; - and, this month, is, the sixth, to her, the so-called barren one;
And, Jesus himself, was, when he began, about thirty years of age, being the son, as was supposed - of Joseph, of Heli:
And, Jesus himself, was, when he began, about thirty years of age, being the son, as was supposed - of Joseph, of Heli: of Matthat, of Levi, of Melchi, - of Jannai, of Joseph:
of Maath, of Mattathias, of Semein, - of Josech, of Joda: of Joanan, of Rhesa, of Zerubbabel, - of Salathiel, of Neri:
Being then, a prophet, and knowing that, with an oath, God had sworn unto him, of the fruit of his loins, to seat on his throne,
From this man's seed, hath God, according to promise, brought unto Israel, a saviour - Jesus:
Concerning his Son, - who came to be of the seed of David, according to flesh,
healthful discourse that cannot be condemned, in order that, he that is of the contrary part, may relent, having nothing to say concerning us that is disparaging:
For it is, very evident, that out of Judah hath sprung our Lord, - respecting which tribe, concerning priests, nothing did Moses speak,
And, one of the elders, saith unto me - Do not weep! Lo! the lion that is of the tribe of Judah, the root of David, hath overcome, to open the scroll and the seven seals thereof.
I, Jesus, have sent my messenger, to bear witness unto you of these things, for the assemblies. I, am the Root and the Offspring of David, the bright and the morning Star.
Smith
Genealogy of Jesus Christ.
The New Testament gives us the genealogy of but one person, that of our Saviour. This is given because it was important to prove that Jesus fulfilled the prophecies spoken of him. Only as the son and heir of David should he be the Messiah. The following propositions will explain the true construction of these genealogies:--
1. They are both the genealogies of Joseph, i.e. of Jesus Christ as the reputed and legal son of Joseph and Mary.
2. The genealogy of St. Matthew is Joseph's genealogy as legal successor to the throne of David. St. Luke's is Joseph's private Genealogy, exhibiting his real birth as David's son, and thus showing why he was heir to Solomon's crown. The simple principle that one evangelist exhibits that genealogy which contained the successive heir to David's and Solomon's throne, while the other exhibits the paternal stem of him who was the heir, explains all the anomalies of the two pedigrees, their agreements as well as their discrepancies, and the circumstance of there being two at all.
3. Mary, the mother of Jesus, was in all probability the daughter of Jacob, and first cousin to Joseph her husband. Thus: Matthan or Matthat
father of Jacob, Heli Jacob father of Mary = Jacob'e heir was (Joseph) Heli father of Joseph JESUS, called Christ. (Godet, Lange and many others take the ground that Luke gives the genealogy of Mary, rendering
Lu 3:23
thus: Jesus "being (as was suppposed) the son of Joseph, (but in reality) the son of Heli." In this case Mary, as declared in the Targums, was the daughter of Heli, and Heli was the grandfather of Jesus. Mary's name was omitted because "ancient sentiment did not comport with the mention of the mother as the genealogical link." So we often find in the Old Testament the grandson called the son. This view has this greatly in its favor, that it shows that Jesus was not merely the legal but the actual descendant of David; and it would be very strange that in the gospel accounts, where so much is made of Jesus being the son and heir of David and of his kingdom his real descent from David should not be given.--ED.)
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And, Jesus himself, was, when he began, about thirty years of age, being the son, as was supposed - of Joseph, of Heli: