Reference: Fool
American
Any person who does not act wisely, that is, does not follow the warnings and requirements of God, which are founded in infinite wisdom. Hence "a fool" is put for a wicked man, an enemy or neglecter of God, Ps 14:1; Pr 19:1. So folly is put for wickedness, 2Sa 13:12-13; Ps 38:5, foolish lusts for wicked lusts, etc. Foolish talking, foolish questions, are vain, empty, unprofitable conversation, 2Ti 2:23.
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And she answered him, Nay, my brother, do not force me; for no such thing ought to be done in Israel: do not thou this folly. And I, whither shall I cause my shame to go? and as for thee, thou shalt be as one of the fools in Israel. Now therefore, I pray thee, speak unto the king; for he will not withhold me from thee.
{To the chief Musician, A Psalm of David.} The fool hath said in his heart, There is no God. They are corrupt, they have done abominable works, there is none that doeth good.
My wounds stink and are corrupt because of my foolishness.
Better is the poor that walketh in his integrity, than he that is perverse in his lips, and is a fool.
But foolish and unlearned questions avoid, knowing that they do gender strifes.
Hastings
The Heb. language is rich in words which express various kinds of folly. 1. The kes
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And hast not suffered me to kiss my sons and my daughters? thou hast now done foolishly in so doing.
Then they shall bring out the damsel to the door of her father's house, and the men of her city shall stone her with stones that she die: because she hath wrought folly in Israel, to play the whore in her father's house: so shalt thou put evil away from among you.
Do ye thus requite the LORD, O foolish people and unwise? is not he thy father that hath bought thee? hath he not made thee, and established thee?
And it shall be, that he that is taken with the accursed thing shall be burnt with fire, he and all that he hath: because he hath transgressed the covenant of the LORD, and because he hath wrought folly in Israel.
And David's heart smote him after that he had numbered the people. And David said unto the LORD, I have sinned greatly in that I have done: and now, I beseech thee, O LORD, take away the iniquity of thy servant; for I have done very foolishly.
{To the chief Musician, A Psalm of David.} The fool hath said in his heart, There is no God. They are corrupt, they have done abominable works, there is none that doeth good.
Remember this, that the enemy hath reproached, O LORD, and that the foolish people have blasphemed thy name.
The fear of the LORD is the beginning of knowledge: but fools despise wisdom and instruction.
His own iniquities shall take the wicked himself, and he shall be holden with the cords of his sins.
A foolish woman is clamorous: she is simple, and knoweth nothing.
A fool's wrath is presently known: but a prudent man covereth shame.
Wisdom resteth in the heart of him that hath understanding: but that which is in the midst of fools is made known.
A fool despiseth his father's instruction: but he that regardeth reproof is prudent.
A fool's mouth is his destruction, and his lips are the snare of his soul.
The thought of foolishness is sin: and the scorner is an abomination to men.
A stone is heavy, and the sand weighty; but a fool's wrath is heavier than them both.
Keep thy foot when thou goest to the house of God, and be more ready to hear, than to give the sacrifice of fools: for they consider not that they do evil.
That frustrateth the tokens of the liars, and maketh diviners mad; that turneth wise men backward, and maketh their knowledge foolish;
Because they have committed villany in Israel, and have committed adultery with their neighbours' wives, and have spoken lying words in my name, which I have not commanded them; even I know, and am a witness, saith the LORD.
But I say unto you, That whosoever is angry with his brother without a cause shall be in danger of the judgment: and whosoever shall say to his brother, Raca, shall be in danger of the council: but whosoever shall say, Thou fool, shall be in danger of hell fire.
But God said unto him, Thou fool, this night thy soul shall be required of thee: then whose shall those things be, which thou hast provided?
Then he said unto them, O fools, and slow of heart to believe all that the prophets have spoken:
Because that, when they knew God, they glorified him not as God, neither were thankful; but became vain in their imaginations, and their foolish heart was darkened.
Watsons
FOOL, FOLLY, or FOOLISHNESS. The term fool is to be understood sometimes according to its plain, literal meaning, as denoting a person void of understanding; but it is often used figuratively, Ps 38:5; 69:5. "The fool," that is, the impious sinner, "hath said in his heart, There is no God," Ps 14:1. "I have sinned: do away the iniquity of thy servant;
for I have done very foolishly," 1Ch 21:8. "Fools make a mock at sin," Pr 14:9. See also the language of Tamar to her brother Amnon: "Do not this folly; for whither shall I cause my shame to go? And as for thee, thou shalt be as one of the fools in Israel," 2Sa 13:13; that is, Thou wilt be accounted a very wicked person. Our Lord seems to have used the term in a sense somewhat peculiar in Mt 5:22: "Whosoever shall say to his brother, Thou fool, shall be in danger of hell fire." But the whole verse shows the meaning to be, that when any one of his professed disciples indulges a temper and disposition of mind contrary to charity, or that peculiar love which the brethren of Christ are bound by his law to have toward each other, Joh 13:34, not only showing anger against another without a cause, but also treating him with contemptuous language, and that with malicious intent, he shall be in danger of eternal destruction.
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And I, whither shall I cause my shame to go? and as for thee, thou shalt be as one of the fools in Israel. Now therefore, I pray thee, speak unto the king; for he will not withhold me from thee.
And David said unto God, I have sinned greatly, because I have done this thing: but now, I beseech thee, do away the iniquity of thy servant; for I have done very foolishly.
{To the chief Musician, A Psalm of David.} The fool hath said in his heart, There is no God. They are corrupt, they have done abominable works, there is none that doeth good.
My wounds stink and are corrupt because of my foolishness.
O God, thou knowest my foolishness; and my sins are not hid from thee.
Fools make a mock at sin: but among the righteous there is favour.
But I say unto you, That whosoever is angry with his brother without a cause shall be in danger of the judgment: and whosoever shall say to his brother, Raca, shall be in danger of the council: but whosoever shall say, Thou fool, shall be in danger of hell fire.
A new commandment I give unto you, That ye love one another; as I have loved you, that ye also love one another.