Reference: Furnace
Easton
(12.) Illustration: Blast Furnace
(13.) (1.) Chald. attun, a large furnace with a wide open mouth, at the top of which materials were cast in (Da 3:22-23; comp. Jer 29:22). This furnace would be in constant requisition, for the Babylonians disposed of their dead by cremation, as did also the Accadians who invaded Mesopotamia.
(14.) (2.) Heb kibshan, a smelting furnace (Ge 19:28), also a lime-kiln (Isa 33:12; Am 2:1).
(15.) (3.) Heb kur, a refining furnace (Pr 17:3; 27:21; Eze 22:18).
(16.) (4.) Heb alil, a crucible; only used in Ps 12:6.
(17.) (5.) Heb tannur, oven for baking bread (Ge 15:17; Isa 31:9; Ne 3:11). It was a large pot, narrowing towards the top. When it was heated by a fire made within, the dough was spread over the heated surface, and thus was baked. "A smoking furnace and a burning lamp" (Ge 15:17), the symbol of the presence of the Almighty, passed between the divided pieces of Abraham's sacrifice in ratification of the covenant God made with him. (See Oven.)
(18.) (6.) Gr. kamnos, a furnace, kiln, or oven (Mt 13:42,50; Re 1:15; 9:2).
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And after the sun had gone down and it [was] dusk, behold, a smoking firepot and a flaming torch passed between those half pieces.
And after the sun had gone down and it [was] dusk, behold, a smoking firepot and a flaming torch passed between those half pieces.
And he looked down upon the surface of Sodom and Gomorrah, and upon the whole surface of the land, the plain. And he saw that, behold, the smoke of the land went up like the smoke of a smelting furnace.
Malkijah son of Harim and Hasshub son of Pahath-Moab repaired another section and the Tower of the Ovens.
The words of Yahweh [are] pure words [like] silver refined in the crucible on the ground, refined seven times.
A crucible [is] for the silver, and a furnace [is] for the gold, but Yahweh will test hearts.
A crucible [is] for the silver, and a furnace for the gold, but a man [is tested by] the mouth of him who praises him.
And his rock will pass over because of terror, and his officers will be terrified because of [the] flag," {declares} Yahweh, who has a fire in Zion and has a furnace in Jerusalem.
And [the] peoples will be burning [to] lime-- they are burned [like] thorns [that have been] cut down in the fire.
And a curse will be taken [up] because of them by all the exiles of Judah who [are] in Babylon, {saying}, "May Yahweh make you like Zedekiah and like Ahab, whom the king of Babylon roasted in the fire,"
"Son of man, the house of Israel has become as silver dross to me; all of them [are as] bronze and tin and iron and lead in the midst of a furnace, [even] [as] silver dross, silver [dross] they became!
{Therefore} {because} the word of the king was severe and the furnace was exceedingly hot, the flame of the fire killed these men who lifted up Shadrach, Meshach and Abednego. But these men, the three of them, Shadrach, Meshach and Abednego, fell down into the midst of the furnace of blazing fire, [and they] were bound.
Thus says Yahweh: "For three transgressions of Moab and for four I will not revoke [the punishment], because he burned to lime the bones of the king of Edom.
and throw them into the fiery furnace. In that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth!
and throw them into the fiery furnace. In that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth!
and his feet [were] like fine bronze when it has been fired in a furnace, and his voice [was] like the sound of many waters,
And he opened the shaft of the abyss, and smoke went up from the shaft like smoke from a great furnace, and the sun and the air were darkened by the smoke from the shaft.
Fausets
Ne 3:11; 12:38, "the tower of the furnaces," i.e. of the (bakers') ovens. Ho 7:7. There were also the smelting furnace, the refining furnace, the type of affliction and testing probation (De 4:20; Pr 17:3; 27:21), the lime-kiln. The brick-kiln furnace had an opening at the top to cast in the materials, and a door at the bottom to extract the metal. The Babylonians used it to inflict their cruel capital punishments (Da 3:22-26; Jer 29:22).
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But Yahweh has taken you and brought you out from the furnace of iron, from Egypt, to be a people of inheritance to him, {as it is this day}.
Malkijah son of Harim and Hasshub son of Pahath-Moab repaired another section and the Tower of the Ovens.
Then the second choir went the opposite [way]. I [followed] after them with half of the people on the wall, from over the Tower of the Ovens up to the Wide Wall
A crucible [is] for the silver, and a furnace [is] for the gold, but Yahweh will test hearts.
A crucible [is] for the silver, and a furnace for the gold, but a man [is tested by] the mouth of him who praises him.
And a curse will be taken [up] because of them by all the exiles of Judah who [are] in Babylon, {saying}, "May Yahweh make you like Zedekiah and like Ahab, whom the king of Babylon roasted in the fire,"
{Therefore} {because} the word of the king was severe and the furnace was exceedingly hot, the flame of the fire killed these men who lifted up Shadrach, Meshach and Abednego. But these men, the three of them, Shadrach, Meshach and Abednego, fell down into the midst of the furnace of blazing fire, [and they] were bound. read more. Then Nebuchadnezzar the king was astonished, and he rose up in haste [and] he asked, saying to his advisers, "[Did] we not throw three men, bound, into the midst of the fire? They answered, saying to the king, "Certainly, O king!" {He answered}, saying, "Look, I see four men unbound walking in the midst of the fire and there is no damage to them, and the appearance of the fourth [man] resembles the son of a god." Then Nebuchadnezzar approached the door of the furnace of blazing fire, [and] he called out, saying, "Shadrach, Meshach and Abednego, {servants} of the Most High God, come out and come here!"
All of them are hot as an oven, and they devour their rulers. All their kings have fallen; there is none who calls to me amongst them.
Hastings
English Version tr of kibsh
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And he looked down upon the surface of Sodom and Gomorrah, and upon the whole surface of the land, the plain. And he saw that, behold, the smoke of the land went up like the smoke of a smelting furnace.
And Yahweh said to Moses and to Aaron, "Take for yourselves full handfuls of soot from a smelting furnace, and let Moses sprinkle it toward the heavens before the eyes of Pharaoh.
But Yahweh has taken you and brought you out from the furnace of iron, from Egypt, to be a people of inheritance to him, {as it is this day}.
The words of Yahweh [are] pure words [like] silver refined in the crucible on the ground, refined seven times.
{Therefore} {at this time} [some] {astrologers} came forward and {they denounced the Jews}.
{And whoever} {does not fall down} and worship shall be thrown into the midst of the furnace of blazing fire.
Morish
Furnaces were used for various purposes, as smelting the crude metal, and for crucibles to refine the metal; for lime and bricks; and as an oven. Ge 19:28; Ex 9:8,10; Pr 17:3. The fiery furnace in Babylon must have been very large for four persons to have walked therein. It may have been the furnace they used for their bricks. Da 3:6-26. The furnace is used figuratively for the oppression of Egypt, out of which God delivered the Israelites, De 4:20; and for the afflictions God afterwards brought them into to purify them from their idolatry and sin. 22/18/type/leb'>Eze 22:18,22. In the N.T. the furnace of fire refers to the place of eternal punishment. Mt 13:42,50.
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And he looked down upon the surface of Sodom and Gomorrah, and upon the whole surface of the land, the plain. And he saw that, behold, the smoke of the land went up like the smoke of a smelting furnace.
And Yahweh said to Moses and to Aaron, "Take for yourselves full handfuls of soot from a smelting furnace, and let Moses sprinkle it toward the heavens before the eyes of Pharaoh.
And they took the soot of the smelting furnace, and they stood before Pharaoh, and Moses sprinkled it toward the heavens, and it became skin sores sprouting blisters on humans and on animals.
But Yahweh has taken you and brought you out from the furnace of iron, from Egypt, to be a people of inheritance to him, {as it is this day}.
A crucible [is] for the silver, and a furnace [is] for the gold, but Yahweh will test hearts.
"Son of man, the house of Israel has become as silver dross to me; all of them [are as] bronze and tin and iron and lead in the midst of a furnace, [even] [as] silver dross, silver [dross] they became!
Thus you will be melted like [the] melting of silver in the midst of a furnace, and you will know that I, Yahweh, I have poured out my rage on you.'"
And {whoever} does not fall down and worship will be thrown {immediately} into the midst of the furnace of blazing fire." {Therefore}, {at that time}, {as soon as} all the peoples heard the sound of the horn, the flute, [the] lyre, [the] trigon, [the] harp and all kinds of music, all the peoples, {the nations and people of all languages} [were] falling down [and] were worshiping the statue of gold that Nebuchadnezzar the king had set up. read more. {Therefore} {at this time} [some] {astrologers} came forward and {they denounced the Jews}. {They responded and said} to Nebuchadnezzar the king, "O king, may [you] live {forever}! You, O king, have made a decree that {everyone} who hears the sound of the horn, the flute, [the] lyre, [the] trigon, [the] harp and [the] drum and all kinds of music, he shall fall down and shall worship the statue of gold. {And whoever} {does not fall down} and worship shall be thrown into the midst of the furnace of blazing fire. [However] there are Judean men whom you have appointed over the affairs of the province of Babylon--Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego--these men, O king, {pay you no heed} [and] [were] not serving your god, and the statue of gold that you set up they are not worshiping." Then Nebuchadnezzar said in rage and anger to bring in Shadrach, Meshach and Abednego; then they brought in these men before the king. Nebuchadnezzar answered and said to them, "[Is it] true, Shadrach, Meshach and Abednego, [that] you are not serving my god, and [you are] not worshiping the statue of gold that I have set up? Now if you are ready so that {when} you hear the sound of the horn, the flute, the lyre, [the] trigon, [the] harp and [the] drum and all kinds of music, you fall down and you worship the statue that I have made, [that will be good]. But if you do not worship it, {immediately} you will be thrown into the midst of the furnace of blazing fire, and {who is the god} who will rescue you from my hands?" Shadrach, Meshach and Abednego answered and said to the king, Nebuchadnezzar, "We have no need on this matter {to present a defense to you}. {If it is so}, our God, whom we serve, is able to rescue us from the furnace of blazing fire. And from your hand, O king, let him rescue us. And if not, let it be known to you, O king, that {we will not serve your gods}, and the statue of gold that you have set up we will not worship." Then Nebuchadnezzar was filled with anger and the image of his face was changed {toward} Shadrach, Meshach and Abednego, [so he] {ordered and said} to heat up the one furnace seven times what was usual to heat [it] up. And he commanded {the strongest men of the guards} who [were] in his army to bind Shadrach, Meshach and Abednego and to throw [them] into the furnace of blazing fire. Then these men were bound with their garments, their trousers and their turbans and their [other] clothing, and they were thrown into the midst of the furnace of blazing fire. {Therefore} {because} the word of the king was severe and the furnace was exceedingly hot, the flame of the fire killed these men who lifted up Shadrach, Meshach and Abednego. But these men, the three of them, Shadrach, Meshach and Abednego, fell down into the midst of the furnace of blazing fire, [and they] were bound. Then Nebuchadnezzar the king was astonished, and he rose up in haste [and] he asked, saying to his advisers, "[Did] we not throw three men, bound, into the midst of the fire? They answered, saying to the king, "Certainly, O king!" {He answered}, saying, "Look, I see four men unbound walking in the midst of the fire and there is no damage to them, and the appearance of the fourth [man] resembles the son of a god." Then Nebuchadnezzar approached the door of the furnace of blazing fire, [and] he called out, saying, "Shadrach, Meshach and Abednego, {servants} of the Most High God, come out and come here!"
and throw them into the fiery furnace. In that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth!
and throw them into the fiery furnace. In that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth!
Smith
Furnace.
Various kinds of furnaces are noticed in the Bible, such as a smelting or calcining furnace,
especially a lime-kiln,
a refining furnace,
Nebuchadnezzar's furnace, a large furnace built like a brick-kiln,
with two openings one at the top for putting in the materials, and another below for removing them; the potter's furnace, Ecclus. 27:5; The blacksmith's furnace. Ecclus. 38:28. The Persians were in the habit of using the furnace as a means of inflicting punishment.
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And he looked down upon the surface of Sodom and Gomorrah, and upon the whole surface of the land, the plain. And he saw that, behold, the smoke of the land went up like the smoke of a smelting furnace.
And Yahweh said to Moses and to Aaron, "Take for yourselves full handfuls of soot from a smelting furnace, and let Moses sprinkle it toward the heavens before the eyes of Pharaoh.
And they took the soot of the smelting furnace, and they stood before Pharaoh, and Moses sprinkled it toward the heavens, and it became skin sores sprouting blisters on humans and on animals.
And Mount Sinai was all wrapped in smoke because Yahweh went down on it in the fire, and its smoke went up like the smoke of a smelting furnace, and the whole mountain trembled greatly.
A crucible [is] for the silver, and a furnace [is] for the gold, but Yahweh will test hearts.
And [the] peoples will be burning [to] lime-- they are burned [like] thorns [that have been] cut down in the fire.
And a curse will be taken [up] because of them by all the exiles of Judah who [are] in Babylon, {saying}, "May Yahweh make you like Zedekiah and like Ahab, whom the king of Babylon roasted in the fire,"
{Therefore} {because} the word of the king was severe and the furnace was exceedingly hot, the flame of the fire killed these men who lifted up Shadrach, Meshach and Abednego.
{Therefore} {because} the word of the king was severe and the furnace was exceedingly hot, the flame of the fire killed these men who lifted up Shadrach, Meshach and Abednego. But these men, the three of them, Shadrach, Meshach and Abednego, fell down into the midst of the furnace of blazing fire, [and they] were bound.
But these men, the three of them, Shadrach, Meshach and Abednego, fell down into the midst of the furnace of blazing fire, [and they] were bound.
Thus says Yahweh: "For three transgressions of Moab and for four I will not revoke [the punishment], because he burned to lime the bones of the king of Edom.
Watsons
FURNACE, a fireplace for melting gold and other metals. "The fining pot is for silver, the furnace for gold," Pr 17:3. It signifies also a place of cruel bondage and oppression, such as Egypt was to the Israelites, who there met with much hardship, rigour, and severity, to try and purge them, De 4:20; Jer 11:4; the sharp and grievous afflictions and judgments, wherewith God tries his people, Eze 22:18; 20:22; also a place of torment, as Nebuchadnezzar's fiery furnace, Da 3:6,11. On the last we may remark, that this mode of putting to death is not unusual in the east in modern times. After speaking of the common modes of punishing with death in Persia, Chardin says, "But there is still a particular way of putting to death such as have transgressed in civil affairs, either by causing a dearth, or by selling above the tax by a false weight, or who have committed themselves in any other manner: they are put upon a spit and roasted over a slow fire, Jer 29:22. Bakers, when they offend, are thrown into a hot oven. During the dearth in 1668, I saw such ovens heated in the royal square in Ispahan, to terrify the bakers, and deter them from deriving advantage from the general distress."
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But Yahweh has taken you and brought you out from the furnace of iron, from Egypt, to be a people of inheritance to him, {as it is this day}.
A crucible [is] for the silver, and a furnace [is] for the gold, but Yahweh will test hearts.
which I commanded your ancestors in the day of my bringing them from the land of Egypt, from the furnace of iron, {saying}, 'Listen to my voice and do according to all that I command you, {so will you be my people, and I will be your God}.'
And a curse will be taken [up] because of them by all the exiles of Judah who [are] in Babylon, {saying}, "May Yahweh make you like Zedekiah and like Ahab, whom the king of Babylon roasted in the fire,"
But I withheld my hand, and I acted for the sake of my name not to be profaned before the eyes of the nations [before] whom I [had] brought them out before their eyes.
"Son of man, the house of Israel has become as silver dross to me; all of them [are as] bronze and tin and iron and lead in the midst of a furnace, [even] [as] silver dross, silver [dross] they became!
And {whoever} does not fall down and worship will be thrown {immediately} into the midst of the furnace of blazing fire."
{And whoever} {does not fall down} and worship shall be thrown into the midst of the furnace of blazing fire.