Reference: Pledge
American
The Jewish law protected the poor who were obliged to give security for a loan or the fulfillment of a contract. If a man pawned his rove, the usual covering of the cool nights, it must be returned on the same day, Ex 22:26-27. The creditor could not enter a house and take what he pleased; and the millstone being a necessary of life, could not be taken, De 24:6,10-11. Compare Job 22:6; 24:3,7. Idolaters sometimes disregarded these prohibitions, Am 2:6-8. See LOANS. Pledges are necessary from the vicious, who cannot be trusted, Pr 20:16.
See Verses Found in Dictionary
If you do take the garment of your neighbor in pledge, you must return it to him by the time the sun goes down, for it is his only covering -- it is his garment for his body. What else can he sleep in? And when he cries out to me, I will hear, for I am gracious.
One must not take either lower or upper millstones as security on a loan, for that is like taking a life itself as security.
When you make any kind of loan to your neighbor, you may not go into his house to claim what he is offering as security. You must stand outside and the person to whom you are making the loan will bring out to you what he is offering as security.
"For you took pledges from your brothers for no reason, and you stripped the clothing from the naked.
They drive away the orphan's donkey; they take the widow's ox as a pledge.
They spend the night naked because they lack clothing; they have no covering against the cold.
Take a man's garment when he has given security for a stranger, and when he gives surety for strangers, hold him in pledge.
This is what the Lord says: "Because Israel has committed three covenant transgressions -- make that four! -- I will not revoke my decree of judgment. They sold the innocent for silver, the needy for a pair of sandals. They trample on the dirt-covered heads of the poor; they push the destitute away. A man and his father go to the same girl; in this way they show disrespect for my moral purity. read more. They stretch out on clothing seized as collateral; they do so right beside every altar! They drink wine bought with the fines they have levied; they do so right in the temple of their God!
Easton
See Loan.
Hastings
The taking of a pledge for the re-payment of a loan was sanctioned by the Law, but a humanitarian provision was introduced to the effect that, when this pledge consisted of the large square outer garment or cioak called simlah, it must be returned before nightfali, since this garment often formed the only covering of the poor at night (Ex 22:26 f., De 24:12 f.; cf. Am 2:8; Job 22:6; 24:9; Eze 18:7,12,16; 33:15). It was forbidden also to take the mill or the upper millstone as a pledge (De 24:6). In Isa 36:8 the reference is to a pledge to be forfeited if a wager is lost (cf. Revised Version margin). In I S17:18 'take their pledge' probably means 'bring back a token of their welfare' (Driver).
See Verses Found in Dictionary
If you do take the garment of your neighbor in pledge, you must return it to him by the time the sun goes down,
One must not take either lower or upper millstones as security on a loan, for that is like taking a life itself as security.
If the person is poor you may not use what he gives you as security for a covering.
"For you took pledges from your brothers for no reason, and you stripped the clothing from the naked.
The fatherless child is snatched from the breast, the infant of the poor is taken as a pledge.
Now make a deal with my master the king of Assyria, and I will give you two thousand horses, provided you can find enough riders for them.
does not oppress anyone, but gives the debtor back whatever was given in pledge, does not commit robbery, but gives his bread to the hungry and clothes the naked,
oppresses the poor and the needy, commits robbery, does not give back what was given in pledge, prays to idols, performs abominable acts,
does not oppress anyone or keep what has been given in pledge, does not commit robbery, gives his food to the hungry, and clothes the naked,
He returns what was taken in pledge, pays back what he has stolen, and follows the statutes that give life, committing no iniquity. He will certainly live -- he will not die.
They stretch out on clothing seized as collateral; they do so right beside every altar! They drink wine bought with the fines they have levied; they do so right in the temple of their God!
Morish
The taking of articles as security for loans, etc. was very early practised, and restrictions were given in the law that no unfair advantage should be taken thereby. Ex 22:26; De 24:10-17; Job 22:6; 24:3,9; Am 2:8. In 2Ki 18:23 and Isa 36:8 the sense is 'to make an engagement or treaty.'
See Verses Found in Dictionary
If you do take the garment of your neighbor in pledge, you must return it to him by the time the sun goes down,
When you make any kind of loan to your neighbor, you may not go into his house to claim what he is offering as security. You must stand outside and the person to whom you are making the loan will bring out to you what he is offering as security. read more. If the person is poor you may not use what he gives you as security for a covering. You must by all means return to him at sunset the item he gave you as security so that he may sleep in his outer garment and bless you for it; it will be considered a just deed by the Lord your God. You must not oppress a lowly and poor servant, whether one from among your fellow Israelites or from the resident foreigners who are living in your land and villages. You must pay his wage that very day before the sun sets, for he is poor and his life depends on it. Otherwise he will cry out to the Lord against you, and you will be guilty of sin. Fathers must not be put to death for what their children do, nor children for what their fathers do; each must be put to death for his own sin. You must not pervert justice due a resident foreigner or an orphan, or take a widow's garment as security for a loan.
Now make a deal with my master the king of Assyria, and I will give you two thousand horses, provided you can find enough riders for them.
"For you took pledges from your brothers for no reason, and you stripped the clothing from the naked.
They drive away the orphan's donkey; they take the widow's ox as a pledge.
The fatherless child is snatched from the breast, the infant of the poor is taken as a pledge.
Now make a deal with my master the king of Assyria, and I will give you two thousand horses, provided you can find enough riders for them.
They stretch out on clothing seized as collateral; they do so right beside every altar! They drink wine bought with the fines they have levied; they do so right in the temple of their God!
Smith
Pledge.
[LOAN]
See Loan