though the twins were not yet born and had done nothing either good or bad, in order that God's purpose of election might stand, not because of works but because of his call,

I am speaking the truth in Christ, I am not lying; my conscience bears me witness in the Holy Spirit,

So it depends not upon man's will or exertion, but upon God's mercy.

Of them are the patriarchs, and from them, according to the flesh, is the Christ, who is God over all, forever blessed. Amen.

But it is not as though the word of God had failed. For not all who are descended from Israel are Israel,

she was told, "The older will serve the younger."

As indeed he says in Hosea: "I will call them who were not my people 'my people,' and her who was not beloved I will call 'my beloved.'"

in order to make known the riches of his glory for the vessels of mercy, which he has prepared beforehand for glory,

even us whom he has called, not from the Jews only, but also from the Gentiles?

And Isaiah cries out concerning Israel: "Though the number of the sons of Israel be as the sand of the sea, only the remnant will be saved.

that I have great sorrow and unceasing anguish in my heart.

And as Isaiah said: "Unless the Lord of hosts had left us children, we would have become like Sodom, and we would have been made like Gomorrah."

nor are they all children of Abraham because they are his descendants; but, "Through Isaac shall your descendants be named."

In other words, it is not the children of the flesh who are the children of God, but the children of the promise are reckoned as descendants.

"And it will happen that in the very place where it was said to them, 'You are not my people,' they will be called 'sons of the living God.'"

For the Lord will carry out his sentence on the earth with speed and finality."

For this is what the promise said: "About this time I will return and Sarah shall have a son."

What if God, choosing to show his wrath and to make his power known, endured with much patience the vessels of wrath prepared for destruction,

What shall we say, then? That Gentiles who did not pursue righteousness have attained it, that is, righteousness through faith;

What shall we say then? Is there injustice with God? Certainly not!

And not only so, but also when Rebecca had conceived children by one man, our father Isaac,

But who are you, O man, to answer back to God? Will what is formed say to him who formed it, "Why have you made me like this?"

They are Israelites, and to them belong the adoption, the glory, the covenants, the giving of the law, the worship, and the promises.

For I could wish that I myself were accursed and cut off from Christ for the sake of my brethren, my kinsmen according to the flesh.

For he says to Moses, "I will have mercy on whom I have mercy, and I will have compassion on whom I have compassion."

As it is written, "Jacob I loved, but Esau I hated."

as it is written: "Behold, I lay in Zion a stone that will make men stumble, and a rock that will make them fall; and he who believes in him will not be put to shame."

You will say to me then, "Why does he still find fault? For who can resist his will?"

but Israel, who pursued the law of righteousness, has not attained that law.

For the scripture says to Pharaoh, "I have raised you up for this very purpose, that I may show my power in you, and that my name may be proclaimed in all the earth."

Therefore he has mercy on whom he wills, and he hardens the heart of whom he wills.

Does not the potter have right over the clay, to make out of the same lump one vessel for honor and another for dishonor?

Why? Because they did not pursue it by faith, but as if it were by works. They have stumbled over the stumbling stone,