Reference: Eucharist
Hastings
This is the earliest title for the sacrament of the body and blood of Christ. It is found in Ignatius and the Didache, and is based upon the eucharistia or giving of thanks with which our Lord set apart the bread and wine at the Last Supper as memorials of Himself (Mt 26:27; Lu 22:17,19; 1Co 11:24). The name Lord's Supper, though legitimately derived from 1Co 11:20, is not there applied to the sacrament itself, but to the Love-feast or Agape, a meal commemorating the Last Supper, and not yet separated from the Eucharist when St. Paul wrote. The irregularities rebuked by the Apostle (1Co 11:21,29) are such as could only have accompanied the wider celebration, and doubtless contributed to the speedy separation of the essential rite from the unnecessary accessories. The title Communion comes from 1Co 10:16, where, however, the word is a predicate not used technically. The breaking of (the) bread (Ac 2:42,46) probably refers to the Eucharist (cf. Ac 20:7; Lu 24:35?), but until modern times does not seem to have been adopted as a title.
1. The institution is recorded by each of the Synoptic Gospels, but not by St. John. A fourth account appears in 1 Corinthians.
As they were eating, he took bread, and when he had blessed, he brake it, and gave to them, and said. Take ye: this is my body. And he took a cup, and when he had given thanks, he gave to them: and they all drank of it. And he said unto them, This is my blood of the covenant, which is shed for many. Verily I say unto you, I will no more drink of the fruit of the vine, until that day when I drink it new in the kingdom of God.
As they were eating, Jesus took bread, and blessed, and brake it; and he gave to the disciples, and said, Take, eat: this is my body. And he took a cup, and gave thanks, and gave to them, saying, Drink ye all of it; for this is my blood of the covenant, which is shed for many unto remission of sins. But I say unto you, I will not drink henceforth of this fruit of the vine, until that day when I drink it new with you in my Father's kingdom.
Lu 22:14-20.
When the hour was come, he sat down, and the apostles with him. And he said unto them, With desire I have desired to eat this passover with you before I suffer: for I say unto you, I will not eat it, until it be fulfilled in the kingdom of God. And he received a cup, and when he had given thanks, he said, Take this, and divide it among yourselves: for I say unto you, I will not drink from henceforth of the fruit of the vine, until the kingdom of God shall come. And he took bread, and when he had given thanks, he brake it, and gave to them, saying, This is my body [which is given for you: this do in remembrance of me. And the cup in like manner after supper, saying. This cup is the new covenant in my blood, even that which is poured out for you].
I received of the Lord that which also I delivered unto you, how that the Lord Jesus in the night in which he was betrayed took bread; and when he had given thanks, he brake it, and said. This is my body, which is for you: this do in remembrance of me. In like manner also the cup, after supper, saying, This cup is the new covenant in my blood: this do, as oft as ye drink it, in remembrance of me.
A comparison shows variations of minor importance between Mark and Matthew. But the most remarkable differences are those of Luke, which mentions what is apparently a second cup. It seems scarcely credible that at a supreme moment, like that in which a sacred rite was being established, our Lord should have created the possibility of confusion by solemnly delivering two of the Paschal cups, dividing between them the words which, according to the other Synoptics, belong, as it would seem appropriately, to one. Nor, if He were about to ballow a succeeding cup as Eucharistic, is it likely that He would have spoken of the fulfilment of the Paschal wine in relation to another (Lu 22:17). In spite, therefore, of the fact that the majority of MSS and Versions favour its inclusion, Westcott and Hort are probably right in regarding the passage inclosed in brackets above as an interpolation. With this omitted, the narrative is assimilated to the other Synoptics. The inversion of bread and cup, which now becomes apparent and which probably belongs not to Luke but to his source, is perhaps due to the fact that the writer, dwelling on the Lord's intention that the Passover should be fulfilled in a Messianic rite, records at the opening of his narrative a declaration similar to that which Matthew and Mark assign to a later stage, the delivery of the cup (Mt 26:29; Mr 14:25). These words, though referring more particularly to the Eucharistic bread, yet, as extending to the whole meal ('this passover'), require no mention of the action that would accompany them; whereas the companion statement concerning the fruit of the vine (Lu 22:18) necessitates the mention of the cup (Lu 22:17). The first half of Lu 22:19 (the consecration of the bread), which, if the account were symmetrical, would appear (as arranged in Rush-brooke's Synopticon) before Lu 22:15, is then added to complete the institution. A copyist, assuming a part of the narrative to be wanting, would then introduce, probably from a contemporary liturgical formula, the second half of Lu 22:19 and Lu 22:20, which bear a striking resemblance to the Pauline account, of which Luke is otherwise independent. A similar inversion is found in the sub-Apostolic Teaching of the Apostles.
2. From the Synoptic record the following inferences may be drawn: (1) The words of institution cannot themselves determine the meaning of the rite. Luke (unless v. 20 be genuine) omits 'This is my blood of the covenant.' [Notice also that the other traditional form varies the phrase
See Verses Found in Dictionary
While they were eating, Jesus took a loaf and blessed it; then He broke it in pieces and gave it to the disciples, and said, "Take this and eat it; this is my body." He also took the cup of wine and gave thanks; then He gave it to them, saying, "All of you drink some of it,
He also took the cup of wine and gave thanks; then He gave it to them, saying, "All of you drink some of it, for this is my blood which ratifies the covenant, the blood which is to be poured out for many for the forgiveness of their sins.
for this is my blood which ratifies the covenant, the blood which is to be poured out for many for the forgiveness of their sins. I tell you, I will never again drink the product of the vine till the day when I drink the new wine with you in my Father's kingdom."
I tell you, I will never again drink the product of the vine till the day when I drink the new wine with you in my Father's kingdom."
And He appointed the Twelve, to whom He gave the title, apostles, to be with Him, to send them forth to preach,
While they were eating, He took a loaf and blessed it and broke it in pieces and gave it to them, saying, "Take this; it is my body." He also took the cup of wine and gave thanks and gave it to them, and they all drank some of it. read more. Then He said to them, "This is my blood which ratifies the covenant, the blood which is to be poured out for many. I solemnly say to you, I will never again drink the product of the vine till the day when I drink the new wine in the kingdom of God."
I solemnly say to you, I will never again drink the product of the vine till the day when I drink the new wine in the kingdom of God."
Now when the hour came, He took His place at the table, with the apostles about Him. And He said to them, "I have heartily desired to eat this Passover supper with you before I suffer.
And He said to them, "I have heartily desired to eat this Passover supper with you before I suffer.
And He said to them, "I have heartily desired to eat this Passover supper with you before I suffer. For I tell you, I shall never again eat one until it finds its full fruition in the kingdom of God." read more. Then He received a cup of wine, gave thanks, and said, "Take this and share it among you,
Then He received a cup of wine, gave thanks, and said, "Take this and share it among you,
Then He received a cup of wine, gave thanks, and said, "Take this and share it among you,
Then He received a cup of wine, gave thanks, and said, "Take this and share it among you, for I tell you, I shall not after today drink the product of the vine until the kingdom of God comes."
for I tell you, I shall not after today drink the product of the vine until the kingdom of God comes." Then He took a loaf, gave thanks, and broke it in pieces, and gave it to them, and said, "This is my body which is to be given for you. Do this as a memorial to me."
Then He took a loaf, gave thanks, and broke it in pieces, and gave it to them, and said, "This is my body which is to be given for you. Do this as a memorial to me."
Then He took a loaf, gave thanks, and broke it in pieces, and gave it to them, and said, "This is my body which is to be given for you. Do this as a memorial to me."
Then He took a loaf, gave thanks, and broke it in pieces, and gave it to them, and said, "This is my body which is to be given for you. Do this as a memorial to me." In like manner after supper He took a cup of wine, and said, "This cup of wine is the new covenant to be ratified by my blood, which is to be poured out for you.
In like manner after supper He took a cup of wine, and said, "This cup of wine is the new covenant to be ratified by my blood, which is to be poured out for you. Yet look! The hand of the man who is betraying me is with me on the table!
There arose also among them a contention as to which one of them should rank as greatest. But He said to them, "The kings of the heathen lord it over them and those who exercise authority over them are given the title of 'Benefactor.' read more. But you are not to do so. On the contrary, the greatest among you must be like the youngest and the leader as the servant. Which one, indeed, is the greater, the guest at the table or the servant who waits on him? Is it not the guest at the table? But I am among you as the servant who waits on you. Yet you have continued to stand by me in my trials; and as my Father has conferred on me a kingdom, so I confer on you the privilege of eating and drinking at my table in my kingdom and of sitting on thrones and judging the twelve tribes of Israel. "Simon, Simon, listen! Satan has asked permission to sift all of you like wheat, but I have prayed especially for you that your own faith may not utterly fail. And you yourself, after you have turned, must strengthen your brothers." But Peter said to Him, "Lord, I am ready to go even to prison and to death with you!" But He said, "I tell you, Peter, the cock will not crow today before you deny three times that you know me!"
Then they themselves began to tell what had occurred on the road, and how He was recognized by them when He broke the loaf in pieces.
But the Jews kept on wrangling with one another and saying, "How can He give us His flesh to eat?" Then Jesus said to them, "I most solemnly say to you, unless you eat the flesh of the Son of Man and drink His blood, you do not have life in you. read more. Whoever continues to eat my flesh and drink my blood already possesses eternal life, and I will raise him to life on the last day. For my flesh is real food and my blood is real drink. Whoever continues to eat my flesh and drink my blood continues to live in union with me and I in union with him. Just as the living Father has sent me and I live because of the Father, so whoever keeps on eating me will live because of me. This is the bread that comes down out of heaven; not as your forefathers ate the manna, and yet died. Whoever continues to eat this bread will live forever."
The Spirit is what gives life; the flesh does not help at all. The truths that I have told you are spirit and life.
For this took place that this Scripture might be fulfilled, "Not a bone of His will be broken."
For this took place that this Scripture might be fulfilled, "Not a bone of His will be broken."
And they devoted themselves to the teaching of the apostles and to fellowship with one another, to the breaking of bread and to prayer.
Day after day they regularly attended the temple; they practiced breaking their bread together in their homes, and eating their food with glad and simple hearts,
On the first day of the week when we had met to break bread, Paul addressed them, since he was leaving the next day, and prolonged his speech till midnight.
You must clean out the old yeast, that you may be a fresh lump, as you are to be free from the old yeast. For our Passover Lamb, Christ, has already been sacrificed.
Just so the Lord has issued orders that those who preach the good news shall get their living out of it.
Is not the consecrated cup which we consecrate a sign of our sharing in the blood of Christ? Is not the loaf which we break a sign of our sharing in the body of Christ?
Is not the consecrated cup which we consecrate a sign of our sharing in the blood of Christ? Is not the loaf which we break a sign of our sharing in the body of Christ?
Is not the consecrated cup which we consecrate a sign of our sharing in the blood of Christ? Is not the loaf which we break a sign of our sharing in the body of Christ?
Is not the consecrated cup which we consecrate a sign of our sharing in the blood of Christ? Is not the loaf which we break a sign of our sharing in the body of Christ? Because there is only one loaf, so we, though many, are only one body, for we all partake of one loaf. read more. Look at the Israelites in their practices. Are not those who eat the sacrifices in spiritual fellowship with the altar?
I mean that what the heathen sacrifice they sacrifice to demons, not to God, and I do not want you to be in fellowship with demons. You cannot drink the cup of the Lord and the cup of demons. You cannot eat at the table of the Lord and at the table of demons.
You cannot drink the cup of the Lord and the cup of demons. You cannot eat at the table of the Lord and at the table of demons.
But as I am giving you these instructions I cannot approve of your meetings, because they do not turn out for the better but for the worse. For, in the first place, when you meet as a congregation, I hear that there are cliques among you, and I partly believe it. read more. Yes, indeed, there must be parties among you, in order that people of approved fitness may come to the front among you. So when you hold your meetings, it is not to eat the Lord's Supper,
So when you hold your meetings, it is not to eat the Lord's Supper, for each of you is in a rush to eat his own supper, and one goes hungry while another gets drunk.
for each of you is in a rush to eat his own supper, and one goes hungry while another gets drunk.
for each of you is in a rush to eat his own supper, and one goes hungry while another gets drunk. It is not that you have no houses to eat and drink in, is it? Or, are you trying to show your contempt for the church of God and trying to humiliate those who have no houses? What shall I say to you? Shall I praise you? No, I cannot praise you for this.
It is not that you have no houses to eat and drink in, is it? Or, are you trying to show your contempt for the church of God and trying to humiliate those who have no houses? What shall I say to you? Shall I praise you? No, I cannot praise you for this. For the account that I passed on to you I myself received from the Lord Himself, that the Lord Jesus on the night He was betrayed took a loaf of bread
For the account that I passed on to you I myself received from the Lord Himself, that the Lord Jesus on the night He was betrayed took a loaf of bread and gave thanks for it and broke it and said, "This is my body which is given for you. Do this in memory of me."
and gave thanks for it and broke it and said, "This is my body which is given for you. Do this in memory of me."
and gave thanks for it and broke it and said, "This is my body which is given for you. Do this in memory of me." In the same way, after supper, He took the cup of wine, saying, "This cup is the new covenant ratified by my blood. Whenever you drink it, do so in memory of me."
In the same way, after supper, He took the cup of wine, saying, "This cup is the new covenant ratified by my blood. Whenever you drink it, do so in memory of me."
In the same way, after supper, He took the cup of wine, saying, "This cup is the new covenant ratified by my blood. Whenever you drink it, do so in memory of me." For every time you eat this bread and drink from this cup, you proclaim the Lord's death until He comes again.
For every time you eat this bread and drink from this cup, you proclaim the Lord's death until He comes again.
For every time you eat this bread and drink from this cup, you proclaim the Lord's death until He comes again.
For every time you eat this bread and drink from this cup, you proclaim the Lord's death until He comes again. So whoever eats the bread and drinks from the Lord's cup in an unworthy way is guilty of sinning against the Lord's body and blood.
So whoever eats the bread and drinks from the Lord's cup in an unworthy way is guilty of sinning against the Lord's body and blood.
So whoever eats the bread and drinks from the Lord's cup in an unworthy way is guilty of sinning against the Lord's body and blood. A man, then, must examine himself, and only in this way should he eat any of the bread and drink from the cup. read more. For whoever eats and drinks without recognizing His body, eats and drinks a judgment on himself.
For whoever eats and drinks without recognizing His body, eats and drinks a judgment on himself.
For whoever eats and drinks without recognizing His body, eats and drinks a judgment on himself.
For whoever eats and drinks without recognizing His body, eats and drinks a judgment on himself. This is why many of you are sick and feeble, and a considerable number are falling asleep. read more. But if we properly saw ourselves, we would not bring down upon us this judgment.
But if we properly saw ourselves, we would not bring down upon us this judgment. But since we do bring down upon us this judgment, we are being disciplined by the Lord, so that finally we may not be condemned along with the world. read more. So, my brothers, when you meet to eat, wait for one another. If anyone is hungry, let him eat at home, so that your meetings may not bring on you judgment. I will settle in detail the matters that remain, when I come.
For I passed on to you, among the primary principles of the good news, what I had received, that Christ died for our sins, in accordance with the Scriptures,
I am astonished that you are beginning so soon to turn away from Him who called you by the favor of Christ, to a different good news, which is not really another one; only there are certain people who are trying to unsettle you and want to turn the good news of Christ upside down. read more. But even if I or an angel from heaven preach a good news that is contrary to the one which I have already preached to you, a curse upon him! As I have said it before, so now I say it again, if anybody is preaching to you a good news that is contrary to the one which you have already received, a curse upon him!
Now the main point in what I am saying is this: We have such a High Priest as this, one who has taken His seat at the right hand of God's majestic throne in heaven
It is by this will of God that we are consecrated through the offering of Jesus' body once for all.
For by that one sacrifice He has made perfect for all time those who are consecrated to Him.
Since then, my brothers, we have free access to the real sanctuary through the blood of Jesus, the new and living way which He opened for us, through the curtain, that is, His physical nature, read more. and since in Him we have a Great Priest over the house of God, let us continue to draw near to God with sincere hearts and perfect faith; with our hearts cleansed from the sense of sin, and our bodies bathed in clean water;
yea, the ever-living One. I once was dead, but now I live forever and ever. I carry the keys of death and the underworld.
Then I saw, midway between the throne and the four living creatures, standing among the elders, a Lamb that looked as though He had been slaughtered. He had seven horns and seven eyes; the latter are the seven spirits of God which are sent on duty to every portion of the earth.
Morish
See LORD'S SUPPER.
Watsons
EUCHARIST, the sacrament of the Lord's Supper. The word, in its original Greek, ??????????, properly signifies giving thanks; from the hymns and thanksgivings which accompanied that holy service in the primitive church. See LORD'S SUPPER.