Reference: Furnace
Easton
(12.) Illustration: Blast Furnace
(13.) (1.) Chald. attun, a large furnace with a wide open mouth, at the top of which materials were cast in (Da 3:22-23; comp. Jer 29:22). This furnace would be in constant requisition, for the Babylonians disposed of their dead by cremation, as did also the Accadians who invaded Mesopotamia.
(14.) (2.) Heb kibshan, a smelting furnace (Ge 19:28), also a lime-kiln (Isa 33:12; Am 2:1).
(15.) (3.) Heb kur, a refining furnace (Pr 17:3; 27:21; Eze 22:18).
(16.) (4.) Heb alil, a crucible; only used in Ps 12:6.
(17.) (5.) Heb tannur, oven for baking bread (Ge 15:17; Isa 31:9; Ne 3:11). It was a large pot, narrowing towards the top. When it was heated by a fire made within, the dough was spread over the heated surface, and thus was baked. "A smoking furnace and a burning lamp" (Ge 15:17), the symbol of the presence of the Almighty, passed between the divided pieces of Abraham's sacrifice in ratification of the covenant God made with him. (See Oven.)
(18.) (6.) Gr. kamnos, a furnace, kiln, or oven (Mt 13:42,50; Re 1:15; 9:2).
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So it came to pass when, the sun, had gone in, and Ira thick darkness, had come on, that lo there was a smoking hearth and torch of fire, which passed through between these pieces.
So it came to pass when, the sun, had gone in, and Ira thick darkness, had come on, that lo there was a smoking hearth and torch of fire, which passed through between these pieces.
and he looked out over the face of Sodom and Gomorrah, and over all the face of the land of the circuit, and beheld and lo! the smoke of the land went up, like the smoke of a furnace.
a second length, did Malchijah son of Harim and Hasshub son of Pahath-moab, repair, - also the tower of the ovens;
The words of Yahweh, are words, that are pure, silver refined in a crucible of earth, purified seven times!
Fining-pot for silver, crucible for gold, but, he that trieth hearts, is Yahweh.
Fining pot for silver, and crucible for gold, and, a man, is to be tried by what he praiseth.
And his own Cliff, through terror, shall he pass by, And his princes shall be dismayed at an ensign, - Declareth Yahweh. Who hath a flame in Zion, And hath a furnace in Jerusalem.
So shall peoples, become, as the burnings of lime, - As thorns lopped off, with fire, shall they be burned.
So shall there be taken up - from them - a curse, by all of the captivity of Judah who are in Babylon saying, - Yahweh make thee like Zedekiah and like Ahab, Whom the king of Babylon roasted in the fire!
Son of man, The house of Israel hath become to me, dross, - They all are copper and tin and iron and lead in the midst of a furnace, The dross of silver, have they become.
Therefore, because the word of the king had raged forth, and the furnace was exceeding hot, those very men who took up Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, were slain by the flame of the fire; and, these three men, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, fell down into the midst of the burning furnace of fire, fast bound.
Thus, saith Yahweh, Because of three transgressions of Moab, and because of four, will I not turn it back, - Because he burned the bones of the King of Edom to lime,
and will cast them into the furnace of fire: there, will be wailing and gnashing of teeth.
And, his feet, like unto glowing copper, as if in a furnace refined, and, his voice, like a sound of many waters,
And he opened the shaft of the abyss; and there came up a smoke out of the shaft, as the smoke of a great furnace, and the sun and the air were darkened, by reason of the smoke of the shaft.
Fausets
Ne 3:11; 12:38, "the tower of the furnaces," i.e. of the (bakers') ovens. Ho 7:7. There were also the smelting furnace, the refining furnace, the type of affliction and testing probation (De 4:20; Pr 17:3; 27:21), the lime-kiln. The brick-kiln furnace had an opening at the top to cast in the materials, and a door at the bottom to extract the metal. The Babylonians used it to inflict their cruel capital punishments (Da 3:22-26; Jer 29:22).
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whereas you, hath Yahweh taken, and brought you forth out of a smelting-pot of iron, out of Egypt, - that ye might become his own inherited people as at this day.
a second length, did Malchijah son of Harim and Hasshub son of Pahath-moab, repair, - also the tower of the ovens;
And, the second choir, was going over against them, I, following it, - with the half of the people upon the wall, above the tower of the ovens, even as far as the broad wall;
Fining-pot for silver, crucible for gold, but, he that trieth hearts, is Yahweh.
Fining pot for silver, and crucible for gold, and, a man, is to be tried by what he praiseth.
So shall there be taken up - from them - a curse, by all of the captivity of Judah who are in Babylon saying, - Yahweh make thee like Zedekiah and like Ahab, Whom the king of Babylon roasted in the fire!
Therefore, because the word of the king had raged forth, and the furnace was exceeding hot, those very men who took up Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, were slain by the flame of the fire; and, these three men, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, fell down into the midst of the burning furnace of fire, fast bound. read more. Then, Nebuchadnezzar the king, was amazed, and rose up in haste: he spake and said to his nearest friends - Were there not three men, we cast into the midst of the fire, fast bound? They answered and said to the king, Surely, O king! He answered and said, Lo! I, see four men, unbound, walking in the midst of the fire, and, injury, there is not in them, and, the appearance of the fourth, is like to a son of the gods! Then did Nebuchadnezzar, draw near, to the door of the burning furnace of fire, he spake and said, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, ye servants of the most high God, step forth and come hither. Then stepped forth Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, out of the midst of the fire.
They all, become hot as an oven, and devour their judges, - all their kings, have fallen, there hath been none among them crying unto me.
Hastings
English Version tr of kibsh
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and he looked out over the face of Sodom and Gomorrah, and over all the face of the land of the circuit, and beheld and lo! the smoke of the land went up, like the smoke of a furnace.
Then said Yahweh unto Moses and unto Aaron, Take you your hands full of the ashes of an oven, - and Moses shall scatter them towards the heavens, before the eyes of Pharaoh:
whereas you, hath Yahweh taken, and brought you forth out of a smelting-pot of iron, out of Egypt, - that ye might become his own inherited people as at this day.
The words of Yahweh, are words, that are pure, silver refined in a crucible of earth, purified seven times!
Wherefore, at the same time, drew near certain Chaldeans, - and accused the Jews:
and, whosoever shall not fall down and adore, shall be cast into the burning furnace of fire.
Morish
Furnaces were used for various purposes, as smelting the crude metal, and for crucibles to refine the metal; for lime and bricks; and as an oven. Ge 19:28; Ex 9:8,10; Pr 17:3. The fiery furnace in Babylon must have been very large for four persons to have walked therein. It may have been the furnace they used for their bricks. Da 3:6-26. The furnace is used figuratively for the oppression of Egypt, out of which God delivered the Israelites, De 4:20; and for the afflictions God afterwards brought them into to purify them from their idolatry and sin. 22/18/type/emb'>Eze 22:18,22. In the N.T. the furnace of fire refers to the place of eternal punishment. Mt 13:42,50.
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and he looked out over the face of Sodom and Gomorrah, and over all the face of the land of the circuit, and beheld and lo! the smoke of the land went up, like the smoke of a furnace.
Then said Yahweh unto Moses and unto Aaron, Take you your hands full of the ashes of an oven, - and Moses shall scatter them towards the heavens, before the eyes of Pharaoh:
So they took the ashes of an oven and stood before Pharaoh, and Moses scattered them towards the heavens, - and it came to pass that there was a burning sore in pustules breaking out, among men, and among beasts;
whereas you, hath Yahweh taken, and brought you forth out of a smelting-pot of iron, out of Egypt, - that ye might become his own inherited people as at this day.
Fining-pot for silver, crucible for gold, but, he that trieth hearts, is Yahweh.
Son of man, The house of Israel hath become to me, dross, - They all are copper and tin and iron and lead in the midst of a furnace, The dross of silver, have they become.
As silver is melted in he midst of a furnace, Sol shall ye be melted in the midst thereof, - Then shall ye know that lit Yahweh have poured out mine indignation upon you.
and, whosoever shall not fall down and adore, shall, instantly, be cast into the burning furnace of fire. Wherefore, at the same time - when all the peoples heard the sound of the horn, the pipe, the lyre, the harp, the psaltery, and all kinds of instruments of music, they were falling down - even all the peoples, the races, and the tongues, - adoring the image of gold, which Nebuchadnezzar the king, had set up. read more. Wherefore, at the same time, drew near certain Chaldeans, - and accused the Jews: they spake, and said, to Nebuchadnezzar the king: O king! for ages, live! Thou thyself, O king, hast made a decree, that, any man who shall hear the sound of the horn, the pipe, the lyre, the harp, the psaltery and the bagpipes, and all kinds of instruments of music, shall fall down and adore the image of gold; and, whosoever shall not fall down and adore, shall be cast into the burning furnace of fire. There are certain Jews whom thou hast set over the business of the province of Babylon, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, - these men, have made thee, O king, of no account, thy god, they serve not, and, the image of gold which thou hast set up, do they not adore. Then, Nebuchadnezzar - with anger and wrath, gave word to bring Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, then, these men, brought they before the king. Nebuchadnezzar spake and said unto them, Is it, with design, O Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, - that, my god, ye are not serving, and, the image which I have set up, are not adoring? Now, if ye be ready, at what time ye shall hear the sound of the cornet, the pipe, the lyre, the harp, the psaltery and the bagpipes, and all the instruments of music, ye shall fall down and adore the image which I have made, but, if ye shall not adore, instantly, shall ye be cast into the midst of the burning furnace of fire, - and who is the god that shall deliver you out of my hands? Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego answered, and said to the king: O Nebuchadnezzar! we are not accounting it needful, concerning this, to answer thee. If it is, our God, whom we serve, is able to deliver us, - out of the burning furnace of fire, and out of thy hand, O king, he will deliver. But, if not, be it known to thee, O king, - that, thy god, will we not serve, and, the image of gold which thou hast set up, will we not adore. Then, Nebuchadnezzar, was filled with wrath, and, the likeness of his countenance, was changed, against Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, - he spake and gave word to heat the furnace seven times hotter than it was ever seen heated; and, to men, who were the mightiest men in his army, gave he word to bind fast Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, - to cast them into the burning furnace of fire. Then bound they, these men, in their trousers, their tunics, and their cloaks, and their (other) clothing, - and cast into the midst of the burning furnace of fire. Therefore, because the word of the king had raged forth, and the furnace was exceeding hot, those very men who took up Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, were slain by the flame of the fire; and, these three men, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, fell down into the midst of the burning furnace of fire, fast bound. Then, Nebuchadnezzar the king, was amazed, and rose up in haste: he spake and said to his nearest friends - Were there not three men, we cast into the midst of the fire, fast bound? They answered and said to the king, Surely, O king! He answered and said, Lo! I, see four men, unbound, walking in the midst of the fire, and, injury, there is not in them, and, the appearance of the fourth, is like to a son of the gods! Then did Nebuchadnezzar, draw near, to the door of the burning furnace of fire, he spake and said, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, ye servants of the most high God, step forth and come hither. Then stepped forth Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, out of the midst of the fire.
and will cast them into the furnace of fire: there, will be wailing and gnashing of teeth.
Smith
Furnace.
Various kinds of furnaces are noticed in the Bible, such as a smelting or calcining furnace,
especially a lime-kiln,
a refining furnace,
Nebuchadnezzar's furnace, a large furnace built like a brick-kiln,
with two openings one at the top for putting in the materials, and another below for removing them; the potter's furnace, Ecclus. 27:5; The blacksmith's furnace. Ecclus. 38:28. The Persians were in the habit of using the furnace as a means of inflicting punishment.
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and he looked out over the face of Sodom and Gomorrah, and over all the face of the land of the circuit, and beheld and lo! the smoke of the land went up, like the smoke of a furnace.
Then said Yahweh unto Moses and unto Aaron, Take you your hands full of the ashes of an oven, - and Moses shall scatter them towards the heavens, before the eyes of Pharaoh:
So they took the ashes of an oven and stood before Pharaoh, and Moses scattered them towards the heavens, - and it came to pass that there was a burning sore in pustules breaking out, among men, and among beasts;
And Mount Sinai, smoked, all over, because Yahweh had come down thereon in fire, - and the smoke thereof went up as the smoke of a furnace, and all the mountain trembled exceedingly.
Fining-pot for silver, crucible for gold, but, he that trieth hearts, is Yahweh.
So shall peoples, become, as the burnings of lime, - As thorns lopped off, with fire, shall they be burned.
So shall there be taken up - from them - a curse, by all of the captivity of Judah who are in Babylon saying, - Yahweh make thee like Zedekiah and like Ahab, Whom the king of Babylon roasted in the fire!
Therefore, because the word of the king had raged forth, and the furnace was exceeding hot, those very men who took up Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, were slain by the flame of the fire;
Therefore, because the word of the king had raged forth, and the furnace was exceeding hot, those very men who took up Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, were slain by the flame of the fire; and, these three men, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, fell down into the midst of the burning furnace of fire, fast bound.
and, these three men, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, fell down into the midst of the burning furnace of fire, fast bound.
Thus, saith Yahweh, Because of three transgressions of Moab, and because of four, will I not turn it back, - Because he burned the bones of the King of Edom to lime,
Watsons
FURNACE, a fireplace for melting gold and other metals. "The fining pot is for silver, the furnace for gold," Pr 17:3. It signifies also a place of cruel bondage and oppression, such as Egypt was to the Israelites, who there met with much hardship, rigour, and severity, to try and purge them, De 4:20; Jer 11:4; the sharp and grievous afflictions and judgments, wherewith God tries his people, Eze 22:18; 20:22; also a place of torment, as Nebuchadnezzar's fiery furnace, Da 3:6,11. On the last we may remark, that this mode of putting to death is not unusual in the east in modern times. After speaking of the common modes of punishing with death in Persia, Chardin says, "But there is still a particular way of putting to death such as have transgressed in civil affairs, either by causing a dearth, or by selling above the tax by a false weight, or who have committed themselves in any other manner: they are put upon a spit and roasted over a slow fire, Jer 29:22. Bakers, when they offend, are thrown into a hot oven. During the dearth in 1668, I saw such ovens heated in the royal square in Ispahan, to terrify the bakers, and deter them from deriving advantage from the general distress."
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whereas you, hath Yahweh taken, and brought you forth out of a smelting-pot of iron, out of Egypt, - that ye might become his own inherited people as at this day.
Fining-pot for silver, crucible for gold, but, he that trieth hearts, is Yahweh.
which I commanded your fathers - in the day when I brought them forth out of the land of Egypt out of the smelting-pot of iron - saying, Hearken unto my voice and do them, According to all that I may command you, - So shall ye become my people, And, I, will become, your God:
So shall there be taken up - from them - a curse, by all of the captivity of Judah who are in Babylon saying, - Yahweh make thee like Zedekiah and like Ahab, Whom the king of Babylon roasted in the fire!
Howbeit I withdrew my hand, and wrought with effect for the sake of mine own Name, - that it should not be profaned before the eyes of the nations, before whose eyes I had brought them forth:
Son of man, The house of Israel hath become to me, dross, - They all are copper and tin and iron and lead in the midst of a furnace, The dross of silver, have they become.
and, whosoever shall not fall down and adore, shall, instantly, be cast into the burning furnace of fire.
and, whosoever shall not fall down and adore, shall be cast into the burning furnace of fire.