Reference: Gold
American
A well-known valuable metal, found in many parts of the world, and obtained anciently in Ophir, Job 28:16; Parvaim, 2Ch 3:6; Sheba, and Raamah, Eze 27:22. Job alludes to gold in various forms, Job 22:24; 28:15-19. Abraham was rich in it, and female ornaments were early made of it, Ge 13:2; 24:22,35. It is spoken of throughout Scripture; and the use of it among and ancient Hebrews, in its native and mixed state, and for the same purposes as at present, was very common. The Ark of the Covenant was overlaid with pure gold; the mercy seat, the vessels and utensils belonging to the tabernacle, and those also of the house of the Lord, as well as the drinking-vessels of Solomon, were of gold.
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Now Abram was extremely rich in livestock and in silver and in gold.
And when the camels had finished drinking, the man took a gold earring or nose ring of half a shekel in weight, and for her hands two bracelets of ten shekels in weight in gold,
And the Lord has blessed my master mightily, and he has become great; and He has given him flocks, herds, silver, gold, menservants, maidservants, camels, and asses.
And he adorned the house with precious stones for beauty; and the gold was gold of Parvaim.
If you lay gold in the dust, and the gold of Ophir among the stones of the brook [considering them of little worth],
It cannot be gotten for gold, neither shall silver be weighed for the price of it. It cannot be valued in [terms of] the gold of Ophir, in the precious onyx or beryl, or the sapphire.
It cannot be valued in [terms of] the gold of Ophir, in the precious onyx or beryl, or the sapphire. Gold and glass cannot equal [Wisdom], nor can it be exchanged for jewels or vessels of fine gold. read more. No mention shall be made of coral or of crystal; for the possession of Wisdom is even above rubies or pearls. The topaz of Ethiopia cannot compare with it, nor can it be valued in pure gold.
The merchants of Sheba and Raamah [in Arabia] traded with you; they exchanged for your wares the choicest of all kinds of spices and all precious stones and gold.
Easton
(1.) Heb zahab, so called from its yellow colour (Ex 25:11; 1Ch 28:18; 2Ch 3:5).
(2.) Heb segor, from its compactness, or as being enclosed or treasured up; thus precious or "fine gold" (1Ki 6:20; 7:49).
(3.) Heb paz, native or pure gold (Job 28:17; Ps 19:10; 21:3, etc.).
(4.) Heb betzer, "ore of gold or silver" as dug out of the mine (Job 36:19, where it means simply riches).
(5.) Heb kethem, i.e., something concealed or separated (Job 28:16,19; Ps 45:9; Pr 25:12). Rendered "golden wedge" in Isa 13:12.
(6.) Heb haruts, i.e., dug out; poetic for gold (Pr 8:10; 16:16; Zec 9:3).
Gold was known from the earliest times (Ge 2:11). It was principally used for ornaments (Ge 24:22). It was very abundant (1Ch 22:14; Na 2:9; Da 3:1). Many tons of it were used in connection with the temple (2Ch 1:15). It was found in Arabia, Sheba, and Ophir (1Ki 9:28-10:1; Job 28:16), but not in Palestine.
In Da 2:38, the Babylonian Empire is spoken of as a "head of gold" because of its great riches; and Babylon was called by Isaiah (Isa 14:4) the "golden city" (R.V. marg., "exactress," adopting the reading marhebah, instead of the usual word madhebah).
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The first is named Pishon; it is the one flowing around the whole land of Havilah, where there is gold.
And when the camels had finished drinking, the man took a gold earring or nose ring of half a shekel in weight, and for her hands two bracelets of ten shekels in weight in gold,
You shall overlay the ark with pure gold, inside and out, and make a gold crown, a rim or border, around its top.
The Holy of Holies was twenty cubits in length, in breadth, and in height. He overlaid it with pure gold. He also overlaid the cedar altar.
The lampstands of pure gold, five on the right side and five on the left, in front of the Holy of Holies; with the flowers, the lamps, and the tongs of gold;
In my affliction and trouble I have provided for the house of the Lord 100,000 talents of gold, 1,000,000 talents of silver, and bronze and iron without weighing. I have also provided timber and stone; you must add to them.
And the king made silver and gold in Jerusalem as common as stones, and he made cedar as plentiful as the sycamores of the lowland.
It cannot be valued in [terms of] the gold of Ophir, in the precious onyx or beryl, or the sapphire.
It cannot be valued in [terms of] the gold of Ophir, in the precious onyx or beryl, or the sapphire. Gold and glass cannot equal [Wisdom], nor can it be exchanged for jewels or vessels of fine gold.
The topaz of Ethiopia cannot compare with it, nor can it be valued in pure gold.
Will your cry be sufficient to keep you from distress, or will all the force of your strength do it?
More to be desired are they than gold, even than much fine gold; they are sweeter also than honey and drippings from the honeycomb.
For You send blessings of good things to meet him; You set a crown of pure gold on his head.
Kings' daughters are among Your honorable women; at Your right hand stands the queen in gold of Ophir.
Receive my instruction in preference to [striving for] silver, and knowledge rather than choice gold,
How much better it is to get skillful and godly Wisdom than gold! And to get understanding is to be chosen rather than silver.
Like an earring or nose ring of gold or an ornament of fine gold is a wise reprover to an ear that listens and obeys.
I will make a man more rare than fine gold, and mankind scarcer than the pure gold of Ophir.
You shall take up this [taunting] parable against the king of Babylon and say, How the oppressor has stilled [the restless insolence]! The golden and exacting city has ceased!
And wherever the children of men dwell, and the beasts of the field, and the birds of the heavens -- "He has given them into your hand and has made you to rule over them all. You [king of Babylon] are the head of gold.
Nebuchadnezzar the king [caused to be] made an image of gold, whose height was sixty cubits or ninety feet and its breadth six cubits or nine feet. He set it up on the plain of Dura in the province of Babylon.
Take the spoil of silver; take the spoil of gold! For there is no end of the treasure, the glory and wealth of all the precious furnishings.
And Tyre has built herself a stronghold [on an island a half mile from the shore, which seems impregnable], and heaped up silver like dust and fine gold like the mire of the streets.
Fausets
Emblem of purity (Job 23:10), of nobility (La 4:1). Zaahaab, "yellow gold," as geld from gel, yellow. Sagur, "treasured gold " (1Ki 6:20). Paz, "native gold" (Job 28:17; Song 5:15). Betser, "gold earth," i.e. raw ore (Job 22:24). Kethem, figuratively (Job 37:22 margin) "golden splendor"; but Maurer literally, "gold is to be found in northern regions, but God cannot, be found out because of His majesty" (compare Job 28). Charuts, "dug out gold" (Pr 8:10).
It was not coined in ancient times, but is represented on Egyptian tombs as weighed out in the form of rings of fixed weight (Ge 43:21). Simon Maccabeus (1 Maccabees 15) was the first who coined Jewish money. Arabia, Sheba, and Ophir, Uphaz, and Parvaim (used for "gold" in Job 22:24), were the gold producing countries. It is no longer found in Arabia. The Asiatics have always possessed more gold in ornaments than in money.
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And when we came to the inn, we opened our sacks and there was each man's money, full weight, returned in the mouth of his sack. Now we have brought it back again.
The Holy of Holies was twenty cubits in length, in breadth, and in height. He overlaid it with pure gold. He also overlaid the cedar altar.
If you lay gold in the dust, and the gold of Ophir among the stones of the brook [considering them of little worth],
If you lay gold in the dust, and the gold of Ophir among the stones of the brook [considering them of little worth],
But He knows the way that I take [He has concern for it, appreciates, and pays attention to it]. When He has tried me, I shall come forth as refined gold [pure and luminous].
Gold and glass cannot equal [Wisdom], nor can it be exchanged for jewels or vessels of fine gold.
Golden brightness and splendor come out of the north; [if men can scarcely look upon it, how much less upon the] terrible splendor and majesty God has upon Himself!
Receive my instruction in preference to [striving for] silver, and knowledge rather than choice gold,
His legs are like strong and steady pillars of marble set upon bases of fine gold. His appearance is like Lebanon, excellent, stately, and majestic as the cedars.
How the gold has become dim! How the most pure gold has changed! The hallowed stones [of the temple] are poured out at the head of every street.
Hastings
Morish
The well-known precious metal. It was discovered very early. Ge 2:11-12. It was purified by fire. Pr 17:3; Zec 13:9; and we read of 'choice gold,' 'fine gold,' 'pure gold.' Precious things are compared with gold to show their value. Ps 119:72,127. It was extensively used in the tabernacle and in the temple; some things being made of gold, and others being overlaid with it. For fabrics the gold was beaten into thin plates and cut into wires to be woven with the blue, the purple, and the fine twined linen. The heavenly Jerusalem is also described as of 'pure gold.' 21/18/type/am'>Re 21:18,21. Being the most costly metal it is regarded as symbolical of what pertains to God, and as signifying divine righteousness. The Lord Jesus counselled the poor Laodiceans to buy of Him 'gold tried in the fire,' that they might be rich. Re 3:18.
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The first is named Pishon; it is the one flowing around the whole land of Havilah, where there is gold. The gold of that land is of high quality; bdellium (pearl?) and onyx stone are there.
Blessed are You, O Lord; teach me Your statutes.
The law from Your mouth is better to me than thousands of gold and silver pieces.
The refining pot is for silver and the furnace for gold, but the Lord tries the hearts.
And I will bring the third part through the fire, and will refine them as silver is refined and will test them as gold is tested. They will call on My name, and I will hear and answer them. I will say, It is My people; and they will say, The Lord is my God.
Therefore I counsel you to purchase from Me gold refined and tested by fire, that you may be [truly] wealthy, and white clothes to clothe you and to keep the shame of your nudity from being seen, and salve to put on your eyes, that you may see.
The wall was built of jasper, while the city [itself was of] pure gold, clear and transparent like glass.
And the twelve gates were twelve pearls, each separate gate being built of one solid pearl. And the main street (the broadway) of the city was of gold as pure and translucent as glass.
Smith
Gold.
Gold was known from the very earliest times.
It was at first used chiefly for ornaments, etc.
Coined money was not known to the ancients till a comparatively late period; and on the Egyptian tombs gold is represented as being weighed in rings for commercial purposes. Comp.
Gold was extremely abundant in ancient times,
1Ch 22:14; 2Ch 1:15; 9:9; Da 3:1; Na 2:9
but this did not depreciate its value, because of the enormous quantities consumed by the wealthy in furniture, etc.
10 passim;
The chief countries mentioned as producing gold are Arabia, Sheba and Ophir.
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The first is named Pishon; it is the one flowing around the whole land of Havilah, where there is gold.
And when the camels had finished drinking, the man took a gold earring or nose ring of half a shekel in weight, and for her hands two bracelets of ten shekels in weight in gold,
And when we came to the inn, we opened our sacks and there was each man's money, full weight, returned in the mouth of his sack. Now we have brought it back again.
And the whole house he overlaid with gold, until all the house was finished. Also the whole [incense] altar that [stood outside the door but] belonged to the Holy of Holies he overlaid with gold.
In my affliction and trouble I have provided for the house of the Lord 100,000 talents of gold, 1,000,000 talents of silver, and bronze and iron without weighing. I have also provided timber and stone; you must add to them.
There were hangings of fine white cloth, of green and of blue [cotton], fastened with cords of fine linen and purple to silver rings or rods and marble pillars. The couches of gold and silver rested on a [mosaic] pavement of porphyry, white marble, mother-of-pearl, and [precious] colored stones.
It cannot be valued in [terms of] the gold of Ophir, in the precious onyx or beryl, or the sapphire.
King Solomon made himself a car or a palanquin from the [cedar] wood of Lebanon. He made its posts of silver, its back of gold, its seat of purple, the inside of it lovingly and intricately wrought in needlework by the daughters of Jerusalem.
Silver beaten [into plates] is brought from Tarshish and gold from Uphaz, the work of the craftsman and of the hands of the goldsmith; the [idols'] clothing is violet and purple -- "they are all the work of skillful men.
Nebuchadnezzar the king [caused to be] made an image of gold, whose height was sixty cubits or ninety feet and its breadth six cubits or nine feet. He set it up on the plain of Dura in the province of Babylon.
Take the spoil of silver; take the spoil of gold! For there is no end of the treasure, the glory and wealth of all the precious furnishings.
Watsons
GOLD, ???, Ge 24:22, and very frequently in all other parts of the Old Testament; ??????, Mt 23:16-17, &c; the most perfect and valuable of the metals. In Job 28:15-19, gold is mentioned five times, and four of the words are different in the original:
1. ????, which may mean "gold in the mine," or "shut up," as the root signifies, "in the ore,"
2. ???, kethem, from ???, catham, "to sign," "seal," or "stamp;" gold made current by being coined; standard gold, exhibiting the stamp expressive of its value.
3. ???, wrought gold, pure, highly polished gold.
4. ??, denoting solidity, compactness, and strength; probably gold formed into different kinds of plate, or vessels. Jerom, in his comment on Jer 10:9, writes "Septem dominibus apud Hebraeos appellatur aurum."
The seven names, which he does not mention, are as follows, and thus distinguished by the Hebrews:
1. Zahab, gold in general. 2. Zahab tob, good gold, of a more valuable kind, Ge 2:12. 3. Zahab Ophir, gold of Ophir, 1Ki 9:28, such as was brought by the navy of Solomon. 4. Zahab muphaz, solid gold, pure, wrought gold, translated, 1Ki 10:18, "the best gold." 5. Zahab shachut, beaten gold, 2Ch 9:15. 6. Zahab segor, shut up gold; either as mentioned above, gold in the ore, or as the rabbins explain it, "gold shut up in the treasuries," gold in bullion.
7. Zahab parvaim, 2Ch 3:6. To these Buxtorf adds three others: 1. ???, pure gold of the circulating medium. 2. ???, gold in the treasury.
3. ????, choice, fine gold. Arabia had formerly its golden mines. "The gold of Sheba," Ps 72:15, is, in the Septuagint and Arabic versions, "the gold of Arabia." Sheba was the ancient name of Arabia Felix.
Mr. Bruce, however, places it in Africa, at Azab. The gold of Ophir, so often mentioned, must be that which was procured in Arabia, on the coast of the Red Sea. We are assured by Sanchoniathon, as quoted by Eusebius, and by Herodotus, that the Phenicians carried on a considerable traffic with this gold even before the days of Job, who speaks of it, 22:24.
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The gold of that land is of high quality; bdellium (pearl?) and onyx stone are there.
And when the camels had finished drinking, the man took a gold earring or nose ring of half a shekel in weight, and for her hands two bracelets of ten shekels in weight in gold,
They came to Ophir and got 420 talents of gold and brought it to King Solomon.
Also the king made a great throne of ivory and overlaid it with the finest gold.
And he adorned the house with precious stones for beauty; and the gold was gold of Parvaim.
And King Solomon made 200 large shields or bucklers of beaten gold; 600 shekels of beaten gold went into each shield.
It cannot be gotten for gold, neither shall silver be weighed for the price of it. It cannot be valued in [terms of] the gold of Ophir, in the precious onyx or beryl, or the sapphire. read more. Gold and glass cannot equal [Wisdom], nor can it be exchanged for jewels or vessels of fine gold. No mention shall be made of coral or of crystal; for the possession of Wisdom is even above rubies or pearls. The topaz of Ethiopia cannot compare with it, nor can it be valued in pure gold.
And He shall live; and to Him shall be given gold of Sheba; prayer also shall be made for Him and through Him continually, and they shall bless and praise Him all the day long.
Silver beaten [into plates] is brought from Tarshish and gold from Uphaz, the work of the craftsman and of the hands of the goldsmith; the [idols'] clothing is violet and purple -- "they are all the work of skillful men.
Woe to you, blind guides, who say, If anyone swears by the sanctuary of the temple, it is nothing; but if anyone swears by the gold of the sanctuary, he is a debtor [bound by his oath]. You blind fools! For which is greater: the gold, or the sanctuary of the temple that has made the gold sacred?