Reference: Lord
American
This name belongs to God by preeminence; and in this sense ought never to be given to any creature. Jesus Christ, as the Messiah, the Son of God, and equal with the Father, is often called Lord in Scripture, especially in the writing of Paul. The word LORD, in the English Bible, when printed in small capitals, stands always for JEHOVAH in the Hebrew. See JEHOVAH.
Easton
There are various Hebrew and Greek words so rendered.
(1.) Heb Jehovah, has been rendered in the English Bible LORD, printed in small capitals. This is the proper name of the God of the Hebrews. The form "Jehovah" is retained only in Ex 6:3; Ps 83:18; Isa 12:2; 26:4, both in the Authorized and the Revised Version.
(2.) Heb 'adon, means one possessed of absolute control. It denotes a master, as of slaves (Ge 24:14,27), or a ruler of his subjects (Ge 45:8), or a husband, as lord of his wife (Ge 18:12).
The old plural form of this Hebrew word is 'adonai. From a superstitious reverence for the name "Jehovah," the Jews, in reading their Scriptures, whenever that name occurred, always pronounced it 'Adonai.
(3.) Greek kurios, a supreme master, etc. In the LXX. this is invariably used for "Jehovah" and "'Adonai."
(4.) Heb ba'al, a master, as having domination. This word is applied to human relations, as that of husband, to persons skilled in some art or profession, and to heathen deities. "The men of Shechem," literally "the baals of Shechem" (Jg 9:2-3). These were the Israelite inhabitants who had reduced the Canaanites to a condition of vassalage (Jos 16:10; 17:13).
(5.) Heb seren, applied exclusively to the "lords of the Philistines" (Jg 3:3). The LXX. render it by satrapies. At this period the Philistines were not, as at a later period (1Sa 21:10), under a kingly government. (See Jos 13:3; 1Sa 6:18.) There were five such lordships, viz., Gath, Ashdod, Gaza, Ashkelon, and Ekron.
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And Sarah laughed within herself, saying, After I am become old, shall I have pleasure, and my lord old?
And let it come to pass, that the maiden to whom I shall say, Let down thy pitcher, I pray thee, that I may drink, and who will say, Drink, and I will give thy camels drink also, be she whom thou hast appointed for thy servant Isaac; and hereby I shall know that thou hast dealt kindly with my master.
and said, Blessed be Jehovah, God of my master Abraham, who has not withdrawn his loving-kindness and his faithfulness from my master; I being in the way, Jehovah has led me to the house of my master's brethren.
And now it was not you that sent me here, but God; and he has made me a father to Pharaoh, and lord of all his house, and governor over all the land of Egypt.
And I appeared unto Abraham, unto Isaac, and unto Jacob, as the Almighty God; but by my name Jehovah I was not made known to them.
from the Shihor, which floweth before Egypt, as far as the borders of Ekron northward, and which is counted to the Canaanite; five lordships of the Philistines: of Gazah, and of Ashdod, of Eshkalon, of Gath, and of Ekron; also the Avvites;
But they did not dispossess the Canaanites that dwelt at Gezer; and the Canaanites dwell in the midst of Ephraim to this day, and serve under tribute.
And it came to pass when the children of Israel were become strong, that they made the Canaanites tributary; but they did not utterly dispossess them.
These are the nations: the five lords of the Philistines, and all the Canaanites, and the Sido'nians, and the Hivites who dwelt on Mount Lebanon, from Mount Ba'al-her'mon as far as the entrance of Hamath.
"Say in the ears of all the citizens of Shechem, 'Which is better for you, that all seventy of the sons of Jerubba'al rule over you, or that one rule over you?' Remember also that I am your bone and your flesh." And his mother's kinsmen spoke all these words on his behalf in the ears of all the men of Shechem; and their hearts inclined to follow Abim'elech, for they said, "He is our brother."
And David arose, and fled that day from before Saul, and went to Achish the king of Gath.
That they may know that thou alone, whose name is Jehovah, art the Most High over all the earth.
Behold, God is my salvation: I will trust, and not be afraid; for Jah, Jehovah, is my strength and song, and he is become my salvation.
Confide ye in Jehovah for ever; for in Jah, Jehovah, is the rock of ages.
Fausets
(See JEHOVAH.) In small letters and with initial capital "Lord" represents Adonai in KJV of Old Testament. In capitals "LORD" represents Jehovah, except Ex 23:17. The "LORD God", Adonai Jehovah, where it ought to be "the Lord Jehovah," and Ex 34:23. "GOD" in capitals also represents Jehovah ('/Genesis/15/2/type/darby'>Ge 15:2, 'Adonay Yahweh). "God" in small letters, with initial capital, represents 'Elohiym. (See GOD.)
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And Abram said, Lord Jehovah, what wilt thou give me? seeing I go childless, and the steward of my house is this Eliezer of Damascus.
Three times in the year all thy males shall appear in the presence of the Lord Jehovah.
Thrice in the year shall all thy males appear before the Lord Jehovah, the God of Israel.
Hastings
The Heb. OT has three leading names for God: (1) 'the name of four letters' (lelragrammaton) JHWH (familiar to us in the incorrect form 'Jehovah'; the real vocalization is almost certainly 'Jahweh' [see God, p. 299]); (2) Adonai; (3) Elohim. By a misinterpretation of Le 24:15 the Jews shrank from uttering the first of these, and added to its four consonants, in their reading of the OT, the vowels of either Adonai or Elohim. When the vowels of the former were added, the AV and RV generally translate the word by 'Lord'; when those of the latter, by 'God'; using small capitals in each case. If, however, Adonai is originally in the text, they represent it by 'Lord,' using an initial capital only. Thus in the OT 'Lord 'represents Jahweh when it was read as Adonai; and 'Lord' represents Adonai when it stands in the original text. This distinctive printing is not observed in the NT. There are several other Hebrew words in the OT expressing the general Idea of lordship, which are rendered by 'lord' (Ge 45:8; Jos 13:3; Ezr 8:25 etc.).
In the NT 'Lord' is used once as tr of Rabboni (Mr 10:51), and five times of despot
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And now it was not you that sent me here, but God; and he has made me a father to Pharaoh, and lord of all his house, and governor over all the land of Egypt.
And thou shalt speak unto the children of Israel, saying, Every one when he revileth his God shall bear his sin.
from the Shihor, which floweth before Egypt, as far as the borders of Ekron northward, and which is counted to the Canaanite; five lordships of the Philistines: of Gazah, and of Ashdod, of Eshkalon, of Gath, and of Ekron; also the Avvites;
and I weighed to them the silver and the gold and the vessels, the heave-offering for the house of our God, which the king and his counsellors and his princes, and all Israel present, had offered.
but while he pondered on these things, behold, an angel of the Lord appeared to him in a dream, saying, Joseph, son of David, fear not to take to thee Mary, thy wife, for that which is begotten in her is of the Holy Spirit.
But he not having anything to pay, his lord commanded him to be sold, and his wife, and his children, and everything that he had, and that payment should be made.
And Jesus answering says to him, What wilt thou that I shall do to thee? And the blind man said to him, Rabboni, that I may see.
Lord, now thou lettest thy bondman go, according to thy word, in peace;
And why call ye me, Lord, Lord, and do not the things that I say?
And the lord praised the unrighteous steward because he had done prudently. For the sons of this world are, for their own generation, more prudent than the sons of light.
Thomas answered and said to him, My Lord and my God.
And they, having heard it, lifted up their voice with one accord to God, and said, Lord, thou art the God who made the heaven and the earth and the sea, and all that is in them;
But an angel of the Lord during the night opened the doors of the prison, and leading them out, said,
that if thou shalt confess with thy mouth Jesus as Lord, and shalt believe in thine heart that God has raised him from among the dead, thou shalt be saved.
I give you therefore to know, that no one, speaking in the power of the Spirit of God, says, Curse on Jesus; and no one can say, Lord Jesus, unless in the power of the Holy Spirit.
For certain men have got in unnoticed, they who of old were marked out beforehand to this sentence, ungodly persons, turning the grace of our God into dissoluteness, and denying our only Master and Lord Jesus Christ.
and they cried with a loud voice, saying, How long, O sovereign Ruler, holy and true, dost thou not judge and avenge our blood on them that dwell upon the earth?
And he has upon his garment, and upon his thigh, a name written, King of kings, and Lord of lords.
Morish
1. adon, ??????. These words are commonly translated 'lord.' They are used as a term of respect as between man and man, as seen in the children of Heth to Abraham. Ge 23:6; between servants and masters, and once by a wife to her husband. Ge 18:12; Lu 16:3,5; 1Pe 3:6. The title 'Lord' is applied to God ( Ps 90:1, Adonai), and in the N.T. to the Lord Jesus, not only as a term of respect, but as owning His constituted lordship. Ac 2:36; Php 2:11 He is emphatically the Lord as eclipsing every other for the Christian, who delights to appropriate Him as 'My Lord.' Lu 1:43; Joh 20:13; Php 3:8. To believers collectively He is 'Our Lord Jesus Christ.'
There is also in this title the idea of administration which it is of great consequence to observe. As Man the Lord Jesus is mediator between God and men, and receives blessings for men which are administered through Him as Lord. "To us there is . . . . one Lord, Jesus Christ, through whom are all things, and we through him." 1Co 8:6. See Ro 5:1-2,11,17,21 and other scriptures.
The same Greek word is often used in the LXX for the Hebrew name Jehovah, and is transferred to the N.T. without the article. It stands as a proper name in the sense of Jehovah, as in Mt 1:20,22,24, etc., though the English requires it to be translated 'the Lord.' See GOD.
2. ????????, signifying 'owner, master,' as a man who owns slaves. It is applied to God and to the Lord Jesus, Lu 2:29; Ac 4:24; 2Pe 2:1; Jude 1:4; Re 6:10; and in 2Ti 2:21 is translated 'master.'
3. ???????, a word similar to Rabbi, a term of respect among the Jews, signifying 'teacher.' It is applied to the Lord by the blind man in Mr 10:51; and by Mary in Joh 20:16, where it is untranslated.
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And Sarah laughed within herself, saying, After I am become old, shall I have pleasure, and my lord old?
Hear us, my lord: thou art a prince of God among us: in the choicest of our sepulchres bury thy dead: none of us shall withhold from thee his sepulchre for burying thy dead.
{A Prayer of Moses, the man of God.} Lord, thou hast been our dwelling-place in all generations.
but while he pondered on these things, behold, an angel of the Lord appeared to him in a dream, saying, Joseph, son of David, fear not to take to thee Mary, thy wife, for that which is begotten in her is of the Holy Spirit.
Now all this came to pass that that might be fulfilled which was spoken by the Lord, through the prophet, saying,
But Joseph, having awoke up from his sleep, did as the angel of the Lord had enjoined him, and took to him his wife,
And Jesus answering says to him, What wilt thou that I shall do to thee? And the blind man said to him, Rabboni, that I may see.
And whence is this to me, that the mother of my Lord should come to me?
Lord, now thou lettest thy bondman go, according to thy word, in peace;
And the steward said within himself, What shall I do; for my lord is taking the stewardship from me? I am not able to dig; I am ashamed to beg.
And having called to him each one of the debtors of his own lord, he said to the first, How much owest thou to my lord?
And they say to her, Woman, why dost thou weep? She says to them, Because they have taken away my Lord, and I know not where they have laid him.
Jesus says to her, Mary. She, turning round, says to him in Hebrew, Rabboni, which means Teacher.
Let the whole house of Israel therefore know assuredly that God has made him, this Jesus whom ye have crucified, both Lord and Christ.
And they, having heard it, lifted up their voice with one accord to God, and said, Lord, thou art the God who made the heaven and the earth and the sea, and all that is in them;
Therefore having been justified on the principle of faith, we have peace towards God through our Lord Jesus Christ; by whom we have also access by faith into this favour in which we stand, and we boast in hope of the glory of God.
And not only that, but we are making our boast in God, through our Lord Jesus Christ, through whom now we have received the reconciliation.
For if by the offence of the one death reigned by the one, much rather shall those who receive the abundance of grace, and of the free gift of righteousness, reign in life by the one Jesus Christ:)
in order that, even as sin has reigned in the power of death, so also grace might reign through righteousness to eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.
yet to us there is one God, the Father, of whom all things, and we for him; and one Lord, Jesus Christ, by whom are all things, and we by him.
and every tongue confess that Jesus Christ is Lord to God the Father's glory.
But surely I count also all things to be loss on account of the excellency of the knowledge of Christ Jesus my Lord, on account of whom I have suffered the loss of all, and count them to be filth, that I may gain Christ;
If therefore one shall have purified himself from these, in separating himself from them, he shall be a vessel to honour, sanctified, serviceable to the Master, prepared for every good work.
For certain men have got in unnoticed, they who of old were marked out beforehand to this sentence, ungodly persons, turning the grace of our God into dissoluteness, and denying our only Master and Lord Jesus Christ.
and they cried with a loud voice, saying, How long, O sovereign Ruler, holy and true, dost thou not judge and avenge our blood on them that dwell upon the earth?
Smith
Lord.
[GOD]
See God