Reference: Mercy Seat
Fausets
kaporeth Hebrew; hilasteerion, epitheema, Septuagint. The propitiatory, the golden cover of the ark. From the piel conjugation of kaapar, "to cover up," "forgive," or "reconcile," "atone" for offenses. Having a distinct significance and designation of its own; not a mere part of the ark. Placed "above upon the ark" (Ex 25:17-22; 26:34; 30:6; 31:7; 35:12; 37:6). Never called "the cover" (kaporeth) merely of the ark, but made a distinct thing.
The holy of belies is called "the place of the mercy-seat" (1Ch 28:11; Le 16:2), marking that it was not a mere subordinate part of the ark. The kippurim, "atonements," on the day of atonement are inseparably connected with the kaporeth, which was sprinkled with the blood (Le 16:13-15). The same hilasteerion occurs Heb 9:5 "mercy-seat," Ro 3:25 "propitiation." (See ARK.) The atonement was for the breach of the covenant. Appropriately, therefore the mercy-seat covered that covenant written on the two tables of stone inside the ark. God, thus reconciled through the blood sprinkled on the mercy-seat, could speak to His people "from off the mercy-seat that was upon the ark of the testimony" (Nu 7:89; Ps 80:1).
See Verses Found in Dictionary
"And you will make an atonement cover of pure gold, two and a half cubits its length and a cubit and a half its width. And you will make two cherubim of gold; you will make them of hammered work at the two ends of the atonement cover. read more. And make one cherub {at one end} and one cherub {at the other end} of the atonement cover; you will make the cherubim on its two ends. And the cherubim will be [with] outspread wings above, covering with their wings over the atonement cover {and facing each other}; the faces of the cherubim will be toward the atonement cover. And you will put the atonement cover above onto the ark, and into the ark you will put the testimony that I will give you. And I will meet you there, and I will speak with you from over the atonement cover, from between the two cherubim that [are to be] on the ark of the testimony--all that I will command you to the {Israelites}.
And you will put the atonement cover on the ark of the testimony in the {most holy place}.
And you will put it before the curtain that [is] upon the ark of the testimony, before the atonement cover, which [is] on the testimony, there where I will meet with you.
the tent of assembly and the ark of the testimony and the atonement cover that [is] on it and all the equipment of the tent,
And he made an atonement cover of pure gold, two and a half cubits its length and a cubit and a half its width.
And Yahweh said to Moses, "Tell your brother Aaron [that] he should not enter at any time into the sanctuary {behind} the curtain {in front of} the atonement cover that [is] on the ark, so that he might not die, because I appear in the cloud over the atonement cover.
and he shall put the incense on the fire {before} Yahweh so that the cloud of incense might cover the atonement cover, which [is] on the {covenant text}, so that he might not die. And he shall take {some of} the bull's blood, and he shall spatter [it] with his finger on the atonement cover's surface on the eastern [side], and {before} the atonement cover he shall spatter {some of} the blood with his finger seven times. read more. "And he shall slaughter the sin offering's goat, which [is] for the people, and he shall bring its blood {from behind} the curtain, and he shall do with its blood as that which he did with the bull's blood, and he shall spatter it on the atonement cover and {before} the atonement cover.
And when Moses came to the tent of assembly to speak with him, he would hear the voice speaking to him from the atonement cover, which [is] on the ark of the testimony, from between the two cherubim, and he would speak to him.
Then David gave to Solomon his son the plan of the vestibule and of its houses, its treasuries, its upper rooms, its inner chambers, and of the house of the lid of the ark,
Give ear, O shepherd of Israel, [who] leads Joseph like a flock. Shine forth, [you who] sits [enthroned above] the cherubim.
whom God made publicly available as the mercy seat through faith in his blood, for a demonstration of his righteousness, because of the passing over of previously committed sins,
And above it [were] the cherubim of glory overshadowing the mercy seat, about which it is not now [possible] to speak in detail.
Hastings
Morish
This was made of pure gold and covered the ark. Two cherubim were also made of pure gold and were of one piece with the mercy seat. The faces were inwards, towards the covenant that was contained in the ark. God said to Moses, "I will commune with thee from above the mercy seat, from between the two cherubim which are upon the ark of the testimony." The place for the mediator to receive divine communications from God, and for the high priest to approach with the blood of atonement, was the mercy seat. It is typical of Christ, the same word being used in the N.T. for the mercy seat in the tabernacle and for the Lord Himself, "whom God hath set forth to be a mercy seat," ??????????. Ro 3:25; Heb 9:5.
Blood was sprinkled on the mercy seat and before the mercy seat once a year on the day of atonement. This Aaron "offered for himself, and for the errors of the people:" typical of Christ entering into heaven, having obtained eternal redemption for us. Heb 9:7,Heb 9:12. The veil of the temple being rent, God has come out in grace, and man in the person of Christ has gone in, and the Christian is exhorted to come at all times boldly to the throne of grace that he may find grace to help in time of need. Ex 25:17-22; 26:34; 30:6; 31:7; 35:12; 37:6-9; 39:35; 40:20; Le 16:2-15; Nu 7:89; 1Ch 28:11.
See Verses Found in Dictionary
"And you will make an atonement cover of pure gold, two and a half cubits its length and a cubit and a half its width. And you will make two cherubim of gold; you will make them of hammered work at the two ends of the atonement cover. read more. And make one cherub {at one end} and one cherub {at the other end} of the atonement cover; you will make the cherubim on its two ends. And the cherubim will be [with] outspread wings above, covering with their wings over the atonement cover {and facing each other}; the faces of the cherubim will be toward the atonement cover. And you will put the atonement cover above onto the ark, and into the ark you will put the testimony that I will give you. And I will meet you there, and I will speak with you from over the atonement cover, from between the two cherubim that [are to be] on the ark of the testimony--all that I will command you to the {Israelites}.
And you will put the atonement cover on the ark of the testimony in the {most holy place}.
And you will put it before the curtain that [is] upon the ark of the testimony, before the atonement cover, which [is] on the testimony, there where I will meet with you.
the tent of assembly and the ark of the testimony and the atonement cover that [is] on it and all the equipment of the tent,
And he made an atonement cover of pure gold, two and a half cubits its length and a cubit and a half its width. And he made two cherubim of gold; he made them of hammered work at the two ends of the atonement cover. read more. One cherub [was] {at one end}, and one cherub [was] {at the other end} of the atonement cover; he made the cherubim at its two ends. And the cherubim were [with] outspread wings above, covering with their wings over the atonement cover {and facing each other}; the faces of the cherubim were toward the atonement cover.
the ark of the testimony and its poles and the atonement cover;
And he took and he put the testimony into the ark, and he placed the poles on the ark, and he put the atonement cover on the ark, above [it].
And Yahweh said to Moses, "Tell your brother Aaron [that] he should not enter at any time into the sanctuary {behind} the curtain {in front of} the atonement cover that [is] on the ark, so that he might not die, because I appear in the cloud over the atonement cover. "Aaron must enter the sanctuary with this: {a young bull} as a sin offering and a ram as a burnt offering. read more. He must put on {a holy linen tunic}, and linen undergarments must be on his body, and he must fasten [himself] with a linen sash, and he must wrap a linen turban around [his head]--they [are] holy garments, and he shall wash his body with water, then he shall put them on. And he must take from the {Israelites}' community two he-goats as a sin offering and one ram as a burnt offering. "And Aaron shall present the sin offering's bull, which [is] for himself, and so he shall make atonement for himself and for his family. And he shall take the two goats, and he shall present them {before} Yahweh [at the] tent of assembly's entrance. Then Aaron shall cast lots for the two goats: one lot for Yahweh and one for Azazel. And Aaron shall present the goat on which the lot for Yahweh fell, and he shall {sacrifice} it [as] a sin offering. But he must present alive {before} Yahweh the goat on which the lot for Azazel fell to make atonement for himself, to send it away into the desert to Azazel. "And Aaron shall present the sin offering's bull, which [is] for himself, and so he shall make atonement for himself and for his family; then he shall slaughter the sin offering's bull, which [is] for himself. And he shall take a censer full of {burning charcoal} from upon the altar from {before} Yahweh and {two handfuls} of incense of powdered fragrant perfumes, and he shall bring [it] {from behind} the curtain, and he shall put the incense on the fire {before} Yahweh so that the cloud of incense might cover the atonement cover, which [is] on the {covenant text}, so that he might not die. And he shall take {some of} the bull's blood, and he shall spatter [it] with his finger on the atonement cover's surface on the eastern [side], and {before} the atonement cover he shall spatter {some of} the blood with his finger seven times. "And he shall slaughter the sin offering's goat, which [is] for the people, and he shall bring its blood {from behind} the curtain, and he shall do with its blood as that which he did with the bull's blood, and he shall spatter it on the atonement cover and {before} the atonement cover.
And when Moses came to the tent of assembly to speak with him, he would hear the voice speaking to him from the atonement cover, which [is] on the ark of the testimony, from between the two cherubim, and he would speak to him.
whom God made publicly available as the mercy seat through faith in his blood, for a demonstration of his righteousness, because of the passing over of previously committed sins,
And above it [were] the cherubim of glory overshadowing the mercy seat, about which it is not now [possible] to speak in detail.
but only the high priest [enters] into the second [tent] once a year, not without blood, which he offers on behalf of himself and the [sins] of the people committed in ignorance.
and not by the blood of goats and calves, but by his own blood, he entered once for all into the [most] holy place, obtaining eternal redemption.
Watsons
MERCY SEAT, ??????????, propitiatory. This word is properly an adjective, agreeing with ???????, a lid, understood, which is expressed by the LXX, Ex 25:17. In that version, ?????????? generally answers to the Hebrew ????, from the verb ???, to cover, expiate, and was the lid or covering of the ark of the covenant, made of pure gold, on and before which the high priest was to sprinkle the blood of the expiatory sacrifices on the great day of atonement, and where God promised to meet his people, Ex 25:17,22; 29:42; 30:36; Le 16:2,14. St. Paul, by applying this name to Christ, Ro 3:25, assures us that he is the true mercy seat, the reality of what the ???? represented to the ancient believers; by him our sins are covered or expiated, and through him God communes with us in mercy. The mercy seat also represents our approach to God through Christ; we come to the "throne of grace;" which is only a variation of the term "mercy seat."
See Verses Found in Dictionary
"And you will make an atonement cover of pure gold, two and a half cubits its length and a cubit and a half its width.
"And you will make an atonement cover of pure gold, two and a half cubits its length and a cubit and a half its width.
And I will meet you there, and I will speak with you from over the atonement cover, from between the two cherubim that [are to be] on the ark of the testimony--all that I will command you to the {Israelites}.
[It will be] a burnt offering of continuity throughout your generations [at] the entrance of the tent of assembly before Yahweh, where I will meet with you to speak to you there.
And you will grind part of it to powder, and you will put part of it before the testimony in the tent of assembly where I will meet with you; it will be a most holy thing to you.
And Yahweh said to Moses, "Tell your brother Aaron [that] he should not enter at any time into the sanctuary {behind} the curtain {in front of} the atonement cover that [is] on the ark, so that he might not die, because I appear in the cloud over the atonement cover.
And he shall take {some of} the bull's blood, and he shall spatter [it] with his finger on the atonement cover's surface on the eastern [side], and {before} the atonement cover he shall spatter {some of} the blood with his finger seven times.
whom God made publicly available as the mercy seat through faith in his blood, for a demonstration of his righteousness, because of the passing over of previously committed sins,