Reference: Redeemer
American
A name given to Jesus Christ, the Saviour of the world, because he redeems mankind from the bondage and guilt of their sins, by dying in their place, and thus paying their ransom, Mt 20:28; Ga 3:13; Eph 1:7; 1Ti 2:6; Tit 2:14; 1Pe 1:18-19; Re 5:9. In the law of Moses, Le 25:25,48, this title is given to one who has the right of redemption in an inheritance, especially to a near kinsman, who may redeem it from a stranger or any Jew who had bought it. Such was Boaz, who, being one of the nearest relations of Elimelech, married Ruth the heiress of Elimelech, and thereby reentered into the possession of her estate. Jeremiah redeemed the field of his nephew Hanameel, which was on the point of being sold to another, Jer 32:7-8. So Christ became a partaker of flesh and blood, that as our near kinsman he might redeem for us the heavenly inheritance, Job 19:25-26.
The nearest kinsman was also called the redeemer of blood-in our English translation, the avenger, or revenger of blood; and had a right to revenge the blood of his murdered kinsman, Nu 35:12,19,21; De 19:6,12. To protect the innocent from these avengers, or redeemers, God appointed cities of refuge throughout Israel. See REFUGE.
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When thy brother waxeth poor, and so selleth aught of his possession, then may his kinsman that is near unto him come in, and redeem that which was sold by his brother.
after that he hath sold himself, a right of redemption, pertaineth to him, - one of his brethren, may redeem him;
So shall the cities serve you for places of refuge from the redeemer, - that the manslayer may not die, until he has stood before the assembly, for judgment,
The blood-redeemer, he, shall put to death the man-slayer, - when he lighteth upon him, he, shall put him to death.
or if with enmity, he hath smitten him with his band and he is dead, then shall he that dealt the blow, be surely put to death. a manslayer, he is - the blood-redeemer shall put to death the man-slayer, when he lighteth upon him.
lest the blood redeemer pursue the manslayer because his heart is hot, and overtake him because the way is long, and he smite him so as to take away his life, - he not being worthy of death, seeing that he had not been hating him aforetime.
then shall the elders of his city send and fetch him from thence, - and deliver him into the hand of the blood redeemer that he die;
But, I, know that, my redeemer, liveth, and, as the Last over my dust, will he arise; And, though, after my skin is struck off, this followeth , yet, apart from my flesh, shall I see GOD:
Lo! Hanameel son of Shallum thine uncle, hath come unto thee saying, - Buy thee my field that is in Anathoth, for, thine, is the right of redemption to buy it. So Hanameel son of mine uncle, came unto me, according to the word of Yahweh into the guard-court, and said unto me, Buy, I pray thee my field that is in Anathoth which is in the land of Benjamin, for, thine, is the right of inheritance, and, thine, the redemption, - buy it for thyself. So I knew, that the word of Yahweh, it was.
Just as, the Son of Man, came not to be ministered unto, but to minister, and to give his life a ransom instead of many.
Christ, hath redeemed, us, out of the curse of the law, having become, in our behalf, a curse; - because it is written - Cursed, is every one that hangeth upon a tree; -
In whom we have the redemption through his blood, the remission of our offences, according to the riches of his favour,
Who gave himself up in our behalf, that he might redeem us from all manner of lawlessness, and purify for himself a people as his own treasure - zealous of noble works.
and they sing a new song, saying - Worthy, art thou, to take the scroll and to open the seals thereof; because thou wast slain, and didst redeem unto God by thy blood men out of every tribe, and tongue, and people, and nation,
Easton
Heb goel; i.e., one charged with the duty of restoring the rights of another and avenging his wrongs (Le 25:48-49; Nu 5:8; Ru 4:1; Job 19:25; Ps 19:14; 78:35, etc.). This title is peculiarly applied to Christ. He redeems us from all evil by the payment of a ransom (q.v.). (See Redemption.)
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after that he hath sold himself, a right of redemption, pertaineth to him, - one of his brethren, may redeem him; or, his uncle or his uncle's son, may redeem him, or, a near flesh-relation of his, of his family, may redeem him, or, his own hand may have gotten enough, and, so he may redeem himself.
But if one have no kinsman unto whom he may make goad that wherein he is guilty, then that wherein he is guilty, which is to he restored to Yahweh, shall be the priests, - besides the ram of propitiation, wherewith a propitiatory-covering is to be put over him.
Now, Boaz, went up to the gate, and sat him down there, and lo! the kinsman, passing by, of whom Boaz had spoken, so he said - Turn aside! and sit down here, such a one! And he turned aside, and sat down.
But, I, know that, my redeemer, liveth, and, as the Last over my dust, will he arise;
The words of my mouth, and the soft utterance of my heart, shall come with acceptance, before thee, O Yahweh, my Rock and my Redeemer!
And remembered that, Elohim, was their rock, Yea, EL Most High, their Redeemer:
Fausets
(See RANSOM.) Redeem, Hebrew padhah and gaal. The goel, nearest of kin, had three rights:
(1) To purchase back the forfeited inheritance for an Israelite who, through poverty, had sold his land; as Boaz ("might in him"; the name of one of the two temple pillars; a type of Christ) did for Ruth (Ru 4:3-5); or to hold land in possession for an impoverished kinsman until the year of Jubilee, when it should revert to the original owner (Le 25:10,13-16,24-28). Antitypically, man the heir of all things bartered his magnificent birthright for vanity; Christ, by assuming our manhood, became our go'el, and saved us from being disinherited forever (Heb 2:9-15); the full restoration of the inheritance is to be at "the times of restitution of all things" (Ac 3:21; Mt 19:28), the grand last Jubilee (Isa 61:2-4); ushered in, as the Israelite Jubilee, with the great trumpet (Re 11:15; 1Co 15:52; 1Th 4:16; Isa 27:13).
(2) The goel ransomed his kinsman from bondage to the foreigner (Le 25:47-49). So man sold himself to Satan's bondage; Jesus has (at the price of His precious blood, 1Pe 1:18-19) ransomed "the lawful captive delivered" (Isa 49:24).
(3) The goel avenged the death of his slain kinsman as a point of honor. So our Redeemer "through death has destroyed Satan (man's "murderer from the beginning", Joh 8:44) who had the power of death," and has delivered us from everlasting "bondage" to him (Heb 2:14-15; Ho 13:14). Our Boaz has not "left off His kindness to the living and to the dead" (Ru 2:20); translated Job 19:25-27 "I know that my Redeemer (vindicator, avenger; redressing my wrongs on Satan their inflicter) liveth, and that He shall arise the Last (1Co 15:45; Re 1:17) above the dust (with which is mingled man's crumbling body: 1Co 15:20,23; Ro 8:23; Eph 1:14), and though after my skin (is destroyed) this (body) is destroyed, yet from my flesh (mibesari; as from a window, Song 2:9) shall I see God, whom I shall see for myself (on my side), no longer estranged" (zar) from me.
The redemption of our now weak body will be our grand vindication from present wrongs such as Job's. As the body (not merely the soul) was the sufferer, the body's restoration in incorruption must be the vindication; this alone would disprove the imputation of guilt thrown on Job because of its sufferings. Job elsewhere hoped for the resurrection after his being "hidden in the grave" for a time (Job 14:13-15; Joh 5:21-26,28; Isa 26:19-21; Ps 17:15). The Egyptian myth of Osiris and his son Horus in the "Ritual of the Dead" strikingly confirms the primitive revelation of the promised Redeemer, of which it is the corruption. Horus as Ra was "creator"; as Teti, the "redeemer from the power" of Apophis the "serpent", and of Typhoon the "hippopotamus", representatives of the evil being; as Nets, Horus is "the deliverer of the justified".
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So shall ye hallow the fiftieth year, and proclaim freedom throughout the land to all the dwellers thereof, - a jubilee, shall it be unto you, and ye shall return, every man unto his possession, and every man unto his family, shall ye return.
In this same jubilee year, shall ye return every man unto his possession. And when ye sell anything to thy neighbour, or buy aught at thy neighbour's hand, do not overreach one another. read more. By the number of years after the jubilee, shalt thou buy of thy neighbour, - by the number of the years of increase, shall he sell unto thee; according to the multitude of the years, shalt thou increase the price thereof, and, according to the fewness of the years, shalt thou diminish the price thereof, - because the sum of the increase, it is that he selleth thee.
And, in all the land of your possession, a right of redemption, shall ye give to the land. When thy brother waxeth poor, and so selleth aught of his possession, then may his kinsman that is near unto him come in, and redeem that which was sold by his brother. read more. And, when, any man, hath no kinsman, - but his own hand getteth enough, so that he findeth what is needed to redeem it, then shall he reckon the years since he sold it, and restore the overplus to the man to whom he sold it, - and shall return to his possession. But, if his hand have not found enough to get it back unto him, then shall that which he sold remain in the hand of him that bought it, until the year of the jubilee, - and shall go out in the jubilee, and he shall return unto his possession.
And, when the hand of the sojourner and settler with thee getteth possessions, and thy brother with him, waxeth poor, - and so he selleth himself to the sojourner who is a settler with thee, or to one who hath taken root, of the family of the sojourner, after that he hath sold himself, a right of redemption, pertaineth to him, - one of his brethren, may redeem him; read more. or, his uncle or his uncle's son, may redeem him, or, a near flesh-relation of his, of his family, may redeem him, or, his own hand may have gotten enough, and, so he may redeem himself.
Then said Naomi, to her daughter-in-law - Blessed, be he of Yahweh, who hath not left off his lovingkindness to the living, and to the dead. And Naomi said to her - Near to us, is the man, of our own kinsmen, is he!
Then said he to the kinsman, The parcel of land that was our brother Elimelech's, is to be disposed of by Naomi, who hath returned out of the country of Moab; and, I, thought, I would unveil thine ear, saying - Take it over in presence of such as are here seated, and in presence of the elders of my people. If thou wilt act as kinsman, act as kinsman, but, if thou wilt not so act, only tell me - that I may know, for there is none who can set thee aside as kinsman, but, I, am after thee. And he said, I, will act as kinsman. read more. Then said Boaz, What day thou takest over the land from the hand of Naomi, also, of Ruth the Moabitess, wife of the dead, dost thou take it , to raise up the name of the dead upon his inheritance.
Oh that, in hades, thou wouldst hide me! that thou wouldst keep me secret, until the turn of thine anger, that thou wouldst set for me a fixed time, and remember me: If a man die, can he live again? All the days of my warfare, would I wait, until my relief should come: - read more. Thou shouldst call, and, I, would answer thee, - For the work of thine own hand, thou shouldst long.
But, I, know that, my redeemer, liveth, and, as the Last over my dust, will he arise; And, though, after my skin is struck off, this followeth , yet, apart from my flesh, shall I see GOD: read more. Whom, I myself, shall see, on my side, and, mine own eyes, shall have looked upon, and not those of a stranger. Exhausted are my deepest desires in my bosom!
I, in righteousness, shall behold thy face, Shall be satisfied when awakened by a vision of thee.
Resembleth, my beloved, a gazelle, or a young stag, - Lo! here he is, standing behind our wall, looking in at the windows, peeping in at the lattice.
Thy dead, shall come to life again, My dead body, they shall arise, - Awake and shout for joy, ye that dwell in the dust For, a dew of light, is thy dew, And, earth, to the shades shall give birth. Come my people, enter into thy chambers, And shut thy doors behind thee, - Hide thee as it were a little moment Till the indignation pass over. read more. For lo! Yahweh, is coming forth out of his place, To visit the iniquity of earths inhabitant upon him, - Therefore shall the earth unveil her shed-blood, And throw a covering, no longer over her slain.
And it shall come to pass in that day, That there shall be a blowing with a great horn, Then shall come in Such as have wandered in the land of Assyria, And such as have been outcasts in the land of Egypt, - And they shall bow themselves down unto Yahweh In the holy mountain, In Jerusalem.
Shall prey, be taken from a mighty one? Or the captive of one in the right, be delivered?
To proclaim - The year of acceptance of Yahweh, and The day of avenging of our God: To comfort all who are mourning; To appoint unto the mourners of Zion - To give unto them A chaplet instead of ashes, The oil of joy instead of mourning, The mantle of praise instead of the spirit of dejection, - So shall they be called The oaks of righteousness, The plantation of Yahweh: That he may get himself glory read more. Then shall they build the wastes of a bygone age, The desolations of former times, shall they raise up, - And they shall build anew - The cities laid waste, The desolations of generation after generation.
Out of the hand of hades, will I ransom them, out of death, will I redeem them, - Where is thy pestilence, O death? Where thy plague, O hades? Repentance, shall be hid from mine eyes.
And, Jesus, said unto them - Verily, I say unto you, As for you who followed me in the regeneration, When the Son of Man shall take his seat on his throne of glory, ye also, shall be seated upon twelve thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel.
For, just as the Father waketh up the dead, and quickeneth them, in like manner, the Son also, whom he pleaseth, doth quicken. For neither doth, the Father, judge anyone, - but, all the judging, hath given unto the Son: read more. That, all, may honour the Son, just as they honour the Father: he that doth not honour the Son, doth not, in fact, honour the Father who sent him. Verily, verily, I say unto you: He that heareth, my word, and believeth in him that sent me, hath life age-abiding, and, into judgment, cometh not, but hath passed over, out of death into life. Verily, verily, I say unto you: There cometh an hour, and now is, when, the dead, shall hearken unto the voice of the Son of God, and, they who have hearkened, shall live. For, just as, the Father, hath life, in himself, in like manner, unto the Son also, hath he given, life, to have, in himself;
Do not be marvelling at this: because there come an hour, in which, all they in the tombs, shall hearken unto his voice,
Ye, are, of your father - the adversary, and, the covetings of your father, ye choose to be doing. He, was, a murderer, from the beginning, and, in the truth, he stood not; because truth is not in him: Whensoever he speaketh falsehood, of his own, he speaketh; because, false, he is, and, the father of it.
Unto whom, indeed, heaven must needs give welcome, until the times of the due establishment of all things, of which God hath spoken through the mouth of his holy age-past prophets.
And, not only so, but, we ourselves, also, who have the first-fruit of the Spirit - weeven ourselves, within our own selves do sigh, - sonship ardently awaiting - the redeeming of our body; -
But, now, hath Christ been raised from among the dead, - a firstfruit of them who have fallen asleep;
But, each, in his own rank: - A firstfruit, Christ, after that, they who are the Christ's, in his presence,
Thus, also, it is written - The first man, Adam, became, a living soul, the last Adam, a life-giving spirit.
Which is an earnest of our inheritance, unto the redemption of the acquisition; - unto his glorious praise.
But, Jesus, made some little less than messengers, we do behold: by reason of the suffering of death, crowned with glory and honour, to the end that, by favour of God, in behalf of every one, he might taste of death. For it was becoming in him - For the sake of whom are the all things, and by means of whom are the all things, - when, many sons, unto glory, he would lead, The Princely Leader of their salvation, through sufferings, to make perfect. read more. For, both he that maketh holy, and they who are being made holy, are, all, of One; For which cause, he is not ashamed to be calling them, brethren, saying - I will declare thy name unto my brethren, in the midst of an assembly, will I sing praise unto thee; and again - I, will be confident upon him; and again - Lo! I, and the children which, unto me, God, hath given. Seeing therefore the children have received a fellowship of blood and flesh, he also, in like manner, took partnership in the same, - in order that, through death, - he might paralyse him that held the dominion of death, that is, the Adversary, -
Seeing therefore the children have received a fellowship of blood and flesh, he also, in like manner, took partnership in the same, - in order that, through death, - he might paralyse him that held the dominion of death, that is, the Adversary, - And might release these - as many as, by fear of death, were all their lifetime liable, to bondage.
And might release these - as many as, by fear of death, were all their lifetime liable, to bondage.
Knowing that, Not with corruptible things, with silver or gold, have ye been redeemed from your unmeaning behaviour paternally handed down, But with precious blood, as of a lamb, unblemished and unspotted, of an Anointed One, -
And, when I saw him, I fell at his feet as dead, and he laid his right hand upon me, saying - Do not fear! I, am the First, and the Last,
And, the seventh messenger, sounded; and there came to be loud voices in heaven, saying - The kingdom of the world, hath become the kingdom of our Lord and of his Christ, and he shall reign unto the ages of ages.
Watsons
REDEEMER. The Hebrew goel is thus rendered, and the title is applied to Christ, as he is the avenger of man upon his spiritual enemy, and delivers man from death and the power of the grave, which the human avenger could not do. The right of the institution of goel was only in a relative, one of the same blood; and hence our Saviour's assumption of our nature is alluded to and implied under this term. There was also the right of buying back the family inheritance when alienated; and this also applies to Christ, our Goel, who has purchased back the heavenly inheritance into the human family. Under these views Job joyfully exclaims, "I know that my Redeemer," my Goel, "liveth," &c. See GOEL, See MEDIATOR, and See JESUS CHRIST.