Reference: CAESAREA-PHILIPPI
American
A city three or four miles east of Dan, near the eastern source of the Jordan; anciently called Paneas, now Banias, from an adjacent grotto dedicated to Pan, from which one of the sources of the Jordan flowed. It stood where the mountains south-west of Hermon join the plain above lake Huleh, on an elevated plateau surrounded by ravines and water-courses; and its walls were thick and strong. It was enlarged and embellished by Philip the tetrarch of Trachonitis, and called Caesarea in honor of Tiberius Caesar; and the name Philippi was added to distinguish it from Caesarea on the Mediterranean. Our Savior visited this place shortly before his transfiguration, Mt 16:13-28; Mr 8:27-38; Lu 9:18,27. After the destruction of Jerusalem, Titus here made the captive Jews fight and kill each other in gladiatorial shows. In the time of the crusades it underwent many changes, and is not a paltry village amid extensive ruins.
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As Jesus was going to the district of Cesarea-Philippi, he asked his disciples, what do people say of me? that I am a common man? they replied, some think you are John the Baptist, some Elias, and others Jeremias, or one of the prophets. read more. but what, said he, do you take me to be? Simon Peter made answer, thou art Christ the son of the living God. to whom Jesus reply'd, blessed art thou Simon, son of Jona: for 'tis not man that hath revealed this unto thee, but my father who is in heaven. and I tell thee likewise, that thou art Peter, and upon this rock I will hereafter build my church: and death shall not prevail against it. and I will give you the keys of the gospel-kingdom: and whatsoever thou shalt bind on earth, shall be bound in heaven: and whatsoever thou shalt loose on earth, shall be loosed in heaven. Then he charged his disciples not to tell any man that he was the Christ. from that time began Jesus to let his disciples know that he should go to Jerusalem, there suffer many indignities from the senators, chief priests, and scribes, be put to death, and be raised again the third day. then Peter taking him aside, began to expostulate with him, saying, God forbid, Sir, this should ever happen to you. but he frown'd upon Peter, and said, out of my sight pernicious obstacle to my designs; your views are all worldly, regardless of what is divine. Then addressing himself to his disciples, if any man, said he, would follow me, let him renounce himself, take up his cross, and so follow me. for whosoever will save himself, shall be a looser: and whosoever shall suffer loss for my sake, shall be a gainer. what advantage is it to a man to gain the whole world at the price of his life? or what would not a man pay down to preserve his life? for the son of man shall come in the glory of his father, with his angels; and then shall be make retribution to every man according to his works. I declare unto you, some are here present, who shall not die, till they have seen the son of man enter into his kingdom.
From thence Jesus went attended with his disciples to the villages of Cesarea Philippi. and ask'd them by the way, who do they say I am? they answered, some say you are John the Baptist; others, Elias; and others, one of the prophets. read more. but who, said he, do you take me to be? Peter answered, you are the Messiah: upon which he gave them a severe charge, not to say that of him to any man. At length he began to inform them, that the son of man should suffer many indignities, be rejected by the chief priests, Scribes, and senators, be even put to death, and after three days should rise again. and this he said in such an undisguised manner, that Peter took him aside, and pretended to reprimand him. but Jesus return'd, and looking upon his disciples, he gave Peter this rebuke, be gone, thou adversary, your views are all worldly, regardless of what is divine. Then addressing himself to the people, and his disciples, he said, he that desires to be under my conduct, let him renounce himself, and follow me. for he that would save his life, shall lose it; and he that would lose his life out of love to me and the gospel, he shall save it. what advantage is it for a man to gain the whole world with the loss of his life? or what would not a man bestow to preserve himself? whosoever therefore shall be asham'd of me, and of my doctrine in this degenerate and corrupted age, of him likewise shall the son of man be asham'd, when he shall come with the glory of his father, accompanied with holy angels.
One day having retired alone to prayer, he came to his disciples, and ask'd them, saying, whom do the people judge me to be?
I declare unto you, there are some here present, who shall not die, till they see the Messiah reign.