Reference: Captain
Easton
(1.) Heb. sar (1Sa 22:2; 2Sa 23:19). Rendered "chief," Ge 40:2; 41:9; rendered also "prince," Da 1:7; "ruler," Jg 9:30; "governor,' 1Ki 22:26. This same Hebrew word denotes a military captain (Ex 18:21; 2Ki 1:9; De 1:15; 1Sa 18:13, etc.), the "captain of the body-guard" (Ge 37:36; 39:1; 41:10; Jer 40:1), or, as the word may be rendered, "chief of the executioners" (marg.). The officers of the king's body-guard frequently acted as executioners. Nebuzar-adan (Jer 39:13) and Arioch (Da 2:14) held this office in Babylon.
The "captain of the guard" mentioned in Ac 28:16 was the Praetorian prefect, the commander of the Praetorian troops.
(2.) Another word (Heb. katsin) so translated denotes sometimes a military (Jos 10:24; 11/6/type/j2000'>Jg 11:6,11; Isa 22:3 "rulers;" Da 11:18) and sometimes a civil command, a judge, magistrate, Arab. kady, (Isa 1:10; 3:6; Mic 3:1,9).
(3.) It is also the rendering of a Hebrew word (shalish) meaning "a third man," or "one of three." The LXX. render in plural by tristatai; i.e., "soldiers fighting from chariots," so called because each war-chariot contained three men, one of whom acted as charioteer while the other two fought (Ex 14:7; 15:4; 1Ki 9:22; comp. 2Ki 9:25). This word is used also to denote the king's body-guard (2Ki 10:25; 1Ch 12:18; 2Ch 11:11) or aides-de-camp.
(4.) The "captain of the temple" mentioned in Ac 4:1; 5:24 was not a military officer, but superintendent of the guard of priests and Levites who kept watch in the temple by night. (Comp. "the ruler of the house of God," 1Ch 9:11; 2Ch 31:13; Ne 11:11.)
(5.) The Captain of our salvation is a name given to our Lord (Heb 2:10), because he is the author and source of our salvation, the head of his people, whom he is conducting to glory. The "captain of the Lord's host" (Jos 5:14-15) is the name given to that mysterious person who manifested himself to Abraham (Ge 12:7), and to Moses in the bush (Ex 3:2,6, etc.) the Angel of the covenant. (See Angel.)
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And the LORD appeared unto Abram and said, Unto thy seed will I give this land, and there he built an altar unto the LORD, who appeared unto him.
And the Midianites sold him into Egypt unto Potiphar, an officer of Pharaoh's and captain of the guard.
And Joseph was brought down to Egypt; and Potiphar, an officer of Pharaoh, captain of the guard, an Egyptian, bought him from the hands of the Ishmeelites, who had brought him down there.
And Pharaoh was angry against his two officers, against the chief of the butlers and against the chief of the bakers.
Then the chief butler spoke unto Pharaoh, saying, I remember my sins today; Pharaoh was angry with his slaves and put me in the prison of the captain of the guard's house, both me and the prince of the bakers.
And the Angel of the LORD appeared unto him in a flame of fire out of the midst of a bush; and he looked, and, behold, the bush burned with fire, and the bush was not consumed.
Moreover he said, I am the God of thy father, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob. Then Moses covered his face, for he was afraid to look upon God.
and he took six hundred chosen chariots and all the chariots of Egypt and the captains over them.
Pharaoh's chariots and his host he has cast into the sea; his chosen princes also are drowned in the Red sea.
Moreover thou shalt consider out of all the people men of virtue, such as fear God, men of truth, hating covetousness, and place princes over them, of thousands, of hundreds, of fifties, and of tens.
So I took the principals of your tribes, wise men and experts, and made them princes over you, princes over thousands and princes over hundreds and princes over fifties and princes over tens and officers among your tribes.
And he said, No, but I am the Prince of the host of the LORD; now I am come. Then Joshua falling upon his face in the earth worshipped him and said unto him, What saith my lord unto his slave? And the Prince of the LORD's host said unto Joshua, Loose thy shoes from off thy feet, for the place on which thou dost stand is holy. And Joshua did so.
And when they had brought those kings out unto Joshua, Joshua called for all the men of Israel and said unto the captains of the men of war who went with him, Come near; put your feet upon the necks of these kings. And they came near and put their feet upon the necks of them.
And when Zebul, the prince of the city, heard the words of Gaal, the son of Ebed, his anger was kindled.
and they said unto Jephthah, Come, and thou shalt be our captain that we may fight with the sons of Ammon.
Then Jephthah went with the elders of Gilead, and the people made him head and prince over them; and Jephthah spoke all his words before the LORD in Mizpeh.
And every one that was in distress and every one that was in debt and all whose souls were bitter gathered themselves unto him, and he became the captain over them, and there were about four hundred men with him.
Then the king of Israel said, Take Micaiah and carry him back unto Amon, the governor of the city, and to Joash, the king's son
Then said Jehu to Bidkar, his captain, Take him and cast him in the edge of the portion of the field of Naboth of Jezreel. Remember that when thou and I went together after Ahab, his father, the LORD pronounced this sentence upon him, saying,
And after they had finished offering the burnt offering, Jehu said to those of his guard and to the captains, Go in, and slay them; let none escape. And they smote them with the edge of the sword, and the guard and the captains left them where they fell and went to the city of the house of Baal,
and Azariah, the son of Hilkiah, the son of Meshullam, the son of Zadok, the son of Meraioth, the son of Ahitub, prince of the house of God;
Seraiah, the son of Hilkiah, the son of Meshullam, the son of Zadok, the son of Meraioth, the son of Ahitub, prince of the house of God,
Hear the word of the LORD, ye princes of Sodom; give ear unto the law of our God, ye people of Gomorrah.
When a man shall take hold of his brother of the house of his father, saying, Thou hast clothing, be thou our ruler, and let this ruin be under thy hand;
All thy princes together fled from the bow; they were bound; all that were found in thee were bound together; the others fled far away.
So Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard sent, and Nebushasban, Rabsaris, and Nergalsharezer, Rabmag, and all the king of Babylon's princes;
The word that came to Jeremiah from the LORD, after Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard had let him go from Ramah, when he had taken him being bound in chains among all that were carried away captive of Jerusalem and Judah, which were carried away captive unto Babylon.
unto whom the prince of the eunuchs gave names: for he gave unto Daniel the name of Belteshazzar; and to Hananiah, of Shadrach; and to Mishael, of Meshach; and to Azariah, of Abednego.
Then Daniel spoke with counsel and wisdom to Arioch the captain of the king's guard, who was gone forth to slay the wise men of Babylon.
After this he shall turn his face unto the isles and shall take many, but a prince shall cause him to cease his affront and shall even turn his reproach upon him.
And I said, Hear, I pray you, O princes of Jacob, and ye heads of the house of Israel. Did it not pertain to you to know that which is right?
Now hear this, ye heads of the house of Jacob and captains of the house of Israel, that abhor judgment and pervert all equity;
And as they spoke unto the people, the priests and the captain of the temple and the Sadducees came upon them,
Now when the high priest and the captain of the temple and the princes of the priests heard these things, they were perplexed regarding what this would come to.
And when we came to Rome, the centurion delivered the prisoners to the praetorian prefect, but Paul was allowed to dwell by himself with a soldier that kept him.
For it was expedient that he, for whom are all things and by whom are all things, preparing to bring forth many sons in his glory, should perfect the author of their saving health through sufferings.
Fausets
CAPTAIN OF THE TEMPLE (Lu 22:4; Ac 4:1; 5:24): not military, but over the guard of the temple, consisting of priests and Levites (2Ki 12:9), "the priests that kept the door" (2Ki 25:18); they visited the posts by night, and saw that the sentries were on the alert. In Heb 2:10, (Greek "Prince leader of their salvation,") the antitypical Joshua who leads us into the heavenly Canaan. The same Greek in Heb 12:2, "the Author," rather "Prince leader of our faith." Ac 3:15, "Prince of life."
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Then Jehoiada, the priest, took an ark and bored a hole in the lid of it and set it beside the altar, on the right side of the entrance to the house of the LORD; and the priests that kept the door put all the money that was brought into the house of the LORD in it.
Then Jehoiada, the priest, took an ark and bored a hole in the lid of it and set it beside the altar, on the right side of the entrance to the house of the LORD; and the priests that kept the door put all the money that was brought into the house of the LORD in it.
And the captain of the guard took Seraiah, the chief priest, and Zephaniah, the second priest, and the three keepers of the door;
And the captain of the guard took Seraiah, the chief priest, and Zephaniah, the second priest, and the three keepers of the door;
And he went and spoke with the princes of the priests and captains, how he might betray him unto them.
And he went and spoke with the princes of the priests and captains, how he might betray him unto them.
and killed the Author of life, whom God has raised from the dead, of which we are witnesses.
and killed the Author of life, whom God has raised from the dead, of which we are witnesses.
And as they spoke unto the people, the priests and the captain of the temple and the Sadducees came upon them,
And as they spoke unto the people, the priests and the captain of the temple and the Sadducees came upon them,
Now when the high priest and the captain of the temple and the princes of the priests heard these things, they were perplexed regarding what this would come to.
Now when the high priest and the captain of the temple and the princes of the priests heard these things, they were perplexed regarding what this would come to.
For it was expedient that he, for whom are all things and by whom are all things, preparing to bring forth many sons in his glory, should perfect the author of their saving health through sufferings.
For it was expedient that he, for whom are all things and by whom are all things, preparing to bring forth many sons in his glory, should perfect the author of their saving health through sufferings.
with our eyes fixed on Jesus, the author and finisher of our faith, who having been offered joy, endured the cross , despising the shame and was seated at the right hand of the throne of God.
with our eyes fixed on Jesus, the author and finisher of our faith, who having been offered joy, endured the cross , despising the shame and was seated at the right hand of the throne of God.
Hastings
This word occurs very frequently in the OT (AV and RV), and appears to have been favoured by the translators as a comprehensive term to denote a ruler, or a military commander of any unit, whatever its size might be. In modern military language it means especially the commander of a company of infantry, numbering about 100 to 110 men, and is quite unsuitable as a translation. It represents in OT 13 different Hebrew words. In Ezekiel it is often used for the secular head of the Messianic kingdom: 'prince' will there and often elsewhere do as a rendering; 'officer' and 'chief' will suit other passages. There are further places where none of these words will do as a translation. In the NT it translates four Greek words, and means: (1) Joh 18:12; Ac 22:28 a Roman military officer, a tribune of the soldiers, in command of about 1000 men, constituting the garrison of Jerusalem (hence Re 6:15; 19:18 in a general sense); (2) Lu 22:4,52; Ac 4:1 etc., the captain of the Temple, a Levite, who had under him a body of police, probably themselves also priests, whose duty it was to keep order in the Temple at Jerusalem and guard it by night; (3) Heb 2:10 (RV 'author') leader, initiator; (4) Ac 28:16 AV 'captain of the guard' (wanting in RV), a doubtful reading and of doubtful sense. See also Army,
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And he went and spoke with the princes of the priests and captains, how he might betray him unto them.
Then Jesus said unto the princes of the priests and captains of the temple and the elders, who were come to him, Are ye come out as against a thief with swords and staves?
Then the company of soldiers and the tribune and the ministers of the Jews took Jesus and bound him
And as they spoke unto the people, the priests and the captain of the temple and the Sadducees came upon them,
And the tribunal answered, With a great sum I obtained this freedom. And Paul said, But I was free born.
And when we came to Rome, the centurion delivered the prisoners to the praetorian prefect, but Paul was allowed to dwell by himself with a soldier that kept him.
For it was expedient that he, for whom are all things and by whom are all things, preparing to bring forth many sons in his glory, should perfect the author of their saving health through sufferings.
And the kings of the earth and the princes and the rich and the captains and the strong and every slave and every free man hid themselves in the caves and among the rocks of the mountains
that ye may eat flesh of kings and flesh of captains, and flesh of mighty men and flesh of horses and of those that sit on them and the flesh of everyone, free and bond, both small and great.
Morish
In the O.T. this word is used for one filling any office of rule or command: as the head of a tribe, Nu 2:3-29; commander of an army, etc. The person who appeared to Joshua as 'a man' declared himself to be 'captain of the Lord's host.' He told Joshua to remove his shoes from his feet, for the ground was holy, evincing that he was God's representative to lead their warfare. Jos 5:14-15. In the N.T. the Lord is called 'Captain' of our salvation, ???????, 'chief leader.' Heb 2:10.
There was also a 'CAPTAIN OF THE TEMPLE,' ?????????. Lu 22:4,52; Ac 4:1; 5:24,26. This word is literally 'the leader of an army;' it is also applied to magistrates, Ac 16:20, but the captain of the temple was set not over the soldiers, but over the priests and Levites: cf. Nu 3:32; 1Ch 9:11; Jer 20:1.
THE CHIEF CAPTAIN or HIGH CAPTAIN is ?????????, lit. 'Captain of a thousand,' applied to the chief of the soldiers in Jerusalem. Acts 21 - 25.
CAPTAIN OF THE GUARD, Ac 28:16, is ??????????????, properly 'commander of a camp,' but here the prefect of the Praetorian Guard, an officer to whom state prisoners were entrusted at Rome.
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These shall pitch toward the sunrise, on the east: the standard of the camp of Judah throughout their hosts and the prince of the sons of Judah, Nahshon, the son of Amminadab. His host, with those that were numbered of them, were seventy-four thousand six hundred. read more. Next to him shall pitch those of the tribe of Issachar and the prince of the sons of Issachar, Nethaneel, the son of Zuar. His host, with those that were numbered thereof, were fifty-four thousand four hundred. And the tribe of Zebulun and the prince of the sons of Zebulun, Eliab, the son of Helon. His host, with those that were numbered thereof, were fifty-seven thousand four hundred. All that were numbered in the camp of Judah were one hundred and eighty-six thousand four hundred, by their hosts. These shall set forth first. The standard of the camp of Reuben shall be towards the Negev, by their hosts and the prince of the sons of Reuben, Elizur, the son of Shedeur. His host, with those that were numbered thereof, were forty-six thousand five hundred. And those which pitch by him shall be the tribe of Simeon and the prince of the sons of Simeon, Shelumiel, the son of Zurishaddai. His host, with those that were numbered of them, were fifty-nine thousand three hundred. And the tribe of Gad and the prince of the sons of Gad, Eliasaph, the son of Reuel. His host, with those that were numbered of them, were forty-five thousand six hundred and fifty. All that were numbered in the camp of Reuben were one hundred fifty-one thousand four hundred and fifty, by their hosts. And they shall set forth second. Then shall set forward the tabernacle of the testimony, the camp of the Levites in the midst of the camps, in the manner that they encamp, so shall they set forward, each one in his place by their standards. The standard of the camp of Ephraim by his hosts, on the west and the prince of the sons of Ephraim, Elishama, the son of Ammihud. His host, with those that were numbered of them, were forty thousand five hundred. By him shall be the tribe of Manasseh and the prince of the sons of Manasseh, Gamaliel, the son of Pedahzur. His host, with those that were numbered of them, were thirty-two thousand two hundred. And the tribe of Benjamin and the prince of the sons of Benjamin, Abidan, the son of Gideoni. His host, with those that were numbered of them, were thirty-five thousand four hundred. All that were numbered of the camp of Ephraim were one hundred and eight thousand one hundred, by their hosts. And they shall go forward third. The standard of the camp of Dan shall be on the Aquilon by their hosts and the prince of the sons of Dan, Ahiezer, the son of Ammishaddai. His host, with those that were numbered of them, were sixty-two thousand seven hundred. Next to him shall camp those of the tribe of Asher and the prince of the sons of Asher, Pagiel, the son of Ocran. His host, with those that were numbered of them, were forty-one thousand five hundred. And the tribe of Naphtali and the prince of the sons of Naphtali, Ahira, the son of Enan.
And Eleazar, the son of Aaron the priest, shall be principal over the princes of the Levites and have the oversight of those that keep the charge of the sanctuary.
And he said, No, but I am the Prince of the host of the LORD; now I am come. Then Joshua falling upon his face in the earth worshipped him and said unto him, What saith my lord unto his slave? And the Prince of the LORD's host said unto Joshua, Loose thy shoes from off thy feet, for the place on which thou dost stand is holy. And Joshua did so.
And Pashur the priest, the son of Immer, who presided as prince in the house of the LORD, heard Jeremiah who prophesied these things.
And he went and spoke with the princes of the priests and captains, how he might betray him unto them.
Then Jesus said unto the princes of the priests and captains of the temple and the elders, who were come to him, Are ye come out as against a thief with swords and staves?
And as they spoke unto the people, the priests and the captain of the temple and the Sadducees came upon them,
Now when the high priest and the captain of the temple and the princes of the priests heard these things, they were perplexed regarding what this would come to.
Then the captain with the officers went and brought them without violence, for they feared being stoned by the people.
and brought them to the magistrates, saying, These men, being Jews, do exceedingly trouble our city
And when we came to Rome, the centurion delivered the prisoners to the praetorian prefect, but Paul was allowed to dwell by himself with a soldier that kept him.
For it was expedient that he, for whom are all things and by whom are all things, preparing to bring forth many sons in his glory, should perfect the author of their saving health through sufferings.
Smith
Captain.
1. As a purely military title, "captain" answers to sar in the Hebrew army and tribune in the Roman. The captain of the guard in
was probably the prefectus pratorio.
2. Katsin, occasionally rendered captain, applies Sometimes to a military,
Jos 10:24; 11/6/type/j2000'>Jg 11:6,11; Isa 22:3; Da 11:18
sometimes to a civil command, e.g.
3. The captain of the temple, mentioned
superintended the guard of priests and Levites who kept watch by night in the temple.
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And when they had brought those kings out unto Joshua, Joshua called for all the men of Israel and said unto the captains of the men of war who went with him, Come near; put your feet upon the necks of these kings. And they came near and put their feet upon the necks of them.
and they said unto Jephthah, Come, and thou shalt be our captain that we may fight with the sons of Ammon.
Then Jephthah went with the elders of Gilead, and the people made him head and prince over them; and Jephthah spoke all his words before the LORD in Mizpeh.
Hear the word of the LORD, ye princes of Sodom; give ear unto the law of our God, ye people of Gomorrah.
All thy princes together fled from the bow; they were bound; all that were found in thee were bound together; the others fled far away.
After this he shall turn his face unto the isles and shall take many, but a prince shall cause him to cease his affront and shall even turn his reproach upon him.
And as they spoke unto the people, the priests and the captain of the temple and the Sadducees came upon them,
Now when the high priest and the captain of the temple and the princes of the priests heard these things, they were perplexed regarding what this would come to.