Reference: Zacharias
American
1. A person mentioned in Mt 23:35; Lu 11:51, and most probably designating the son of the high-priest Jehoida, or Barachias, who was stoned to death by order of king Joash for publicly rebuking the king, his court and the people for their growing corruption, 2Ch 24:20-22. Some suppose the prophet Zechariah to be intended; but history gives no account of his death. Others refer it to a Zacharias the son of Baruch, who was put to death just before the destruction of Jerusalem; but it seems unnatural and unnecessary to suppose that Christ here spoke prophetically.
2. A priest belonging to the eighth course or class, called that of Abia, 1Ch 24, the husband of Elisabeth, and father of John the Baptist. His residence, when not on duty, was in the hill-country south of Jerusalem. He is known to us by his pious and blameless life; his vision of Gabriel in the temple, promising him a son in his old age; his hesitancy in believing, for which he was visited by a temporary dumbness; his miraculous restoration at the circumcision of his son; and his noble and prophetic song of praise, Lu 1:5-25,57-59.
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And, the spirit of God, clothed Zechariah son of Jehoiada the priest, and he took his stand above the people, - and said unto them, Thus, saith God, Wherefore are, ye, transgressing the commandments of Yahweh, so that ye cannot prosper, because ye have forsaken Yahweh, therefore hath he forsaken you. So they conspired against him, and stoned him with stones, by the commandment of the king, - in the court of the house of Yahweh. read more. Thus Joash the king, remembered not, the lovingkindness which Jehoiada his father had done for him, but slew his son, - and, as he died, he said, Yahweh see and require!
That there may come upon you - all righteous blood poured out upon the earth, from the blood of Abel the righteous, unto the blood of Zachariah, son of Barachiah, whom ye murdered between the Temple and the altar.
It came to pass, in the days of Herod, king of Judaea, that there was a certain priest, by name Zachariah, of the daily course of Abia; and that he had a wife of the daughters of Aaron, and, her name, was Elizabeth. Now they were both righteous before God, walking in all the commandments and righteous appointments of the Lord, blameless; read more. and they had no child, inasmuch as Elizabeth was barren, and, both, had become, advanced in their days. But it came to pass, as he was doing priestly service in the order of his daily course, before God, according to the custom of his priesthood, it fell to his lot to offer incense, entering into the Temple of the Lord; and, all the throng of the people, was praying outside, at the hour of the incense offering. And there appeared unto him a messenger of the Lord, standing on the right hand of the altar of incense; and Zachariah was troubled when he beheld, and, fear, fell upon him. But the messenger said unto him - Do not fear, Zachariah! Inasmuch as thy supplication hath been hearkened to, - and, thy wife Elizabeth, shall bring forth a son to thee, and thou shalt call his name, John; And there shall be joy to thee and exulting, and, many, over his birth, shall rejoice; For he shall be great before the Lord, and, wine and strong drink, in nowise may he drink, and, with Holy Spirit, shall he be filled, already, from his mother's womb; And, many of the Sons of Israel, shall he turn towards the Lord their God; And, he, shall go before him, in the spirit and power of Elijah, - To turn the hearts of fathers unto children, and the unyielding, into the prudence of the righteous, and to prepare, for the Lord, a people made ready. And Zachariah said unto the messenger - Whereby, shall I know this? for, I, am, aged, and, my wife, advanced in her days. And the messenger, answering, said unto him - I, am Gabriel, - he that standeth near before God; and have been sent forth to speak unto thee, and to deliver the joyful message unto thee, as touching these things. And lo! thou shalt be silent, and not able to speak until the day when these things shall come to pass; because thou didst not believe in my words, - the which shall be fulfilled for their season. And the people were expecting Zachariah, and began to marvel that he should tarry in the Temple; and when he came forth he was not able to speak unto them, and they perceived that, a vision, he had seen in the Temple, - and, he, continued making signs unto them, and remained dumb. And it came to pass, when the days of his public ministration were fulfilled, that he departed unto his house. And, after these days, Elizabeth his wife conceived, and she disguised herself five months, saying - Thus, for me, hath the Lord wrought, - in the days in which he looked upon me, to take away my reproach among men.
And, to Elizabeth, was the time fulfilled, that she should be bringing forth, - and she gave birth to a son. And her neighbours and kinsfolk heard, that the Lord had magnified his mercy with her, and they were rejoicing with her. read more. And it came to pass, on the eighth day, that they came to circumcise the child, and were calling it, after the name of its father, Zachariah.
From the blood of Abel, unto the blood of Zachariah who was destroyed betwixt the altar and the house; Yea! I say unto you - It shall be sought out from this generation.
Easton
(1.) A priest of the course of Abia, the eighth of the twenty-four courses into which the priests had been originally divided by David (1Ch 23:1-19). Only four of these courses or "families" of the priests returned from the Exile (Ezr 2:36-39); but they were then re-distributed under the old designations. The priests served at the temple twice each year, and only for a week each time. Zacharias's time had come for this service. During this period his home would be one of the chambers set apart for the priests on the sides of the temple ground. The offering of incense was one of the most solemn parts of the daily worship of the temple, and lots were drawn each day to determine who should have this great honour, an honour which no priest could enjoy more than once during his lifetime.
While Zacharias ministered at the golden altar of incense in the holy place, it was announced to him by the angel Gabriel that his wife Elisabeth, who was also of a priestly family, now stricken in years, would give birth to a son who was to be called John, and that he would be the forerunner of the long-expected Messiah (Lu 1:12-17). As a punishment for his refusing to believe this message, he was struck dumb and "not able to speak until the day that these things should be performed" (Lu 1:20). Nine months passed away, and Elisabeth's child was born, and when in answer to their inquiry Zacharias wrote on a "writing tablet," "His name is John," his mouth was opened, and he praised God (60-79). The child (John the Baptist), thus "born out of due time," "waxed strong in spirit" (1:80).
(2.) The "son of Barachias," mentioned as having been slain between the temple and the altar (Mt 23:35; Lu 11:51). "Barachias" here may be another name for Jehoiada, as some think. (See Zechariah.)
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Now, David, was old, and satisfied with days, - so he made Solomon his son king, over Israel; and gathered together all the rulers of Israel, with the priests, and the Levites. read more. Now the Levites were numbered, from thirty years old and upwards, - and their number by their polls, of mature men, was thirty-eight thousand. Of these - to preside over the work of the house of Yahweh, were twenty-four thousand, - and officers and judges, six thousand; and four thousand, were doorkeepers, - and, four thousand, were offerers of praise unto Yahweh, with instruments, which said David I made for offering praise. And David divided them into courses, - pertaining to the sons of Levi, to Gershon, Kohath and Merari. Of the Gershonites, Ladan and Shimei. The sons of Ladan, the chief Jehiel, and Zetham and Joel, three. The sons of Shimei, Shelomoth and Haziel and Haran, three, - these, were the ancestral chiefs of Ladan. And, the sons of Shimei, Jahath, Zina, and Jeush, and Beriah, - these, were the sons of Shimei, four. And Jahath was chief, and Zizah the second, - but, Jeush and Beriah, had not many sons, so they became an ancestral house, by one reckoning. The sons of Kohath, Amram, Izhar, Hebron, and Uzziel, four. The sons of Amram, Aaron and Moses, - and Aaron was separated, to hallow the holy of holies, he and his sons, unto times age-abiding, to make a perfume before Yahweh, to be in attendance upon him, and to bless in his name, unto times age-abiding; and, as for Moses, the man of God, his sons, were called unto the tribe of Levi. The sons of Moses, were Gershom, and Eliezer. the sons of Gershom, were Shebuel the chief; and the sons of Eliezer were Rehabiah the chief, - and Eliezer had no other sons, but, the sons of Rehabiah, were very many. The sons of Izhar, Shelomith the chief. The sons of Hebron, Jeriah the chief, Amariah the second, Jehaziel the third, and Jekameam the fourth.
The priests, The sons of Jedaiah of the house of Jeshua, nine hundred and seventy-three; The sons of Immer, a thousand and fifty-two; read more. The sons of Pashhur, a thousand two hundred and forty-seven; The sons of Harim, a thousand and seventeen,
That there may come upon you - all righteous blood poured out upon the earth, from the blood of Abel the righteous, unto the blood of Zachariah, son of Barachiah, whom ye murdered between the Temple and the altar.
and Zachariah was troubled when he beheld, and, fear, fell upon him. But the messenger said unto him - Do not fear, Zachariah! Inasmuch as thy supplication hath been hearkened to, - and, thy wife Elizabeth, shall bring forth a son to thee, and thou shalt call his name, John; read more. And there shall be joy to thee and exulting, and, many, over his birth, shall rejoice; For he shall be great before the Lord, and, wine and strong drink, in nowise may he drink, and, with Holy Spirit, shall he be filled, already, from his mother's womb; And, many of the Sons of Israel, shall he turn towards the Lord their God; And, he, shall go before him, in the spirit and power of Elijah, - To turn the hearts of fathers unto children, and the unyielding, into the prudence of the righteous, and to prepare, for the Lord, a people made ready.
And lo! thou shalt be silent, and not able to speak until the day when these things shall come to pass; because thou didst not believe in my words, - the which shall be fulfilled for their season.
From the blood of Abel, unto the blood of Zachariah who was destroyed betwixt the altar and the house; Yea! I say unto you - It shall be sought out from this generation.
Fausets
1. Father of John the Baptist. (Lu 1:5). (See JOHN THE BAPTIST.) Of the course of Abia or Abijah, eighth of the 24 (1Ch 24:10); walking with Elizabeth his wife "in all the commandments and ordinances of the Lord blameless." His lot was to burn incense, the embodiment of prayer (from whence also during the burning of incense the whole people prayed: Re 8:3-4; Ps 141:2), and esteemed so honourable an office that the same person (say the rabbis) was not allowed to discharge it twice. His unbelief ("whereby shall I know this, seeing I am old?" etc.) at the angel' s announcement of John's birth was retributively punished by dumbness (contrast Ps 116:10; 2Co 4:13), a warning to Israel whose representative he was of the consequences of unbelief if the nation should reject the gospel just coming; just as Mary on the contrary was an example of the blessedness which would flow if they believed (Lu 1:45,38).
Faith (dictating the name for his son given by the angel: Lu 1:13,63-64) opened his mouth, as faith shall cause Israel in the last days to confess her Lord, and the veil on her heart shall be taken away (2Co 3:15-16). Then followed his song of thanksgiving under the Holy Spirit, as Israel shall sing when turned to the Lord according to "the oath which He sware to our father Abraham," etc. (Lu 1:68-80; Isa 12:1-3; Zec 12:10,) "The horn of salvation in the house of David" contrasts beautifully with "the little horn" or antichrist destroying Israel before Messiah shall appear for Israel's help (Da 7:8; 8:9-14,11; 12:1-3).
2. Son of Barachias (Mt 23:35). The same as the sire of Jehoiada; Joash ungratefully forgetting that he owed his throne to Jehoiada slew Zacharias for his faithful reproof: "Why transgress ye the commandments of Jehovah, that ye cannot prosper? because ye have forsaken Jehovah, He hath also forsaken you." By Joash's command they stoned Zacharias "in the court of the house of Jehovah!" And to it the tradition may be due which assigns the tomb in the valley of Jehoshaphat to Zacharias. Contrast Jehoiada's reverent care not to slay Athaliah in the temple precincts (2Ch 23:14; 24:20-22,25). Joash slew other "sons" of Jehoiada besides Zacharias.
The Lord look upon it and requite it was the martyr's dying sentence, which Jesus refers to as about to be executed on Israel; "that upon you may come all the righteous blood shed upon the earth from the blood of Zacharias, son of Barachias, whom ye slew between the temple and the altar," i.e. in the interior court of the priests, in which was the altar of burnt offerings. As Zacharias' prayer for vengeance is the judicial side of God's word by His prophets (Re 6:9-11; Lu 18:7), so Stephen's prayer is the gospel loving side of it (Ac 7:60). Though Urijah was slain subsequently to Zacharias (Jer 26:23), yet Zacharias is the last as the canon was arranged, Chronicles standing in it last; Christ names Zacharias as the last and Abel as the first martyr in the Scripture canon. Barachias may have been a second name of Jehoiada, meaning "the blessed," because he preserved David's house in the person of Joash from the murderous Athaliah, slew her, and restored the rightful king. However, as "son of Barachias" does not occur in Lu 11:51, perhaps the words in Matthew were a marginal gloss, confusing this Zacharias with Zechariah the prophet, son of Berechiah.
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Then Jehoiada the priest commanded the captains of hundreds, officers of the force, and said unto them, Take her forth within the ranks, and he that cometh in after her let him be slain with the sword, - for, said the priest, Ye must not slay her in the house of Yahweh!
And, the spirit of God, clothed Zechariah son of Jehoiada the priest, and he took his stand above the people, - and said unto them, Thus, saith God, Wherefore are, ye, transgressing the commandments of Yahweh, so that ye cannot prosper, because ye have forsaken Yahweh, therefore hath he forsaken you. So they conspired against him, and stoned him with stones, by the commandment of the king, - in the court of the house of Yahweh. read more. Thus Joash the king, remembered not, the lovingkindness which Jehoiada his father had done for him, but slew his son, - and, as he died, he said, Yahweh see and require!
And, when they had departed from him, for they left him with sore diseases, his own servants conspired against him, for the blood of the son of Jehoiada the priest, and slew him upon his bed, and he died, - and, though they buried him in the city of David, yet did they not bury him in the sepulchres of the kings.
Thou shalt say, therefore, in that day, I will praise thee, O Yahweh! Though thou hast been angry with me, Thine anger turneth back. And thou dost comfort me. Lo, GOD is my salvation! I will trust and not dread, - For, my might and melody, is Yah, Yahweh, And he hath become mine, by salvation. read more. Therefore shall ye draw water, with rejoicing, - out of the fountains of salvation.
and they brought forth Urijah out of Egypt, and took him in unto King Jehoiakim, who smote him with the sword, - and cast out his dead body among the graves of the sons of the people.
I was considering the horns, when lo! another horn, a little one, came up among them, and, three of the former horns, were uprooted from before it, - and lo! eyes, like the eyes of a man, in this horn, and, a mouth, speaking great things.
and, out of the first of them, came forth a little horn, - which became exceedingly great, against the south and against the east, and against the beautiful land ; yea it became great as far as the host of the heavens, - and caused to fall, to the earth, some of the host and some of the stars, and trampled them underfoot; read more. even as far as the ruler of the host, shewed he his greatness, - and, because of him, was taken away the continual ascending-sacrifice , and the place of the sanctuary, was cast down;
even as far as the ruler of the host, shewed he his greatness, - and, because of him, was taken away the continual ascending-sacrifice , and the place of the sanctuary, was cast down; and, a host, was set over the continual ascending-sacrifice , by transgression, - and faithfulness, was cast down, to the ground, and so he acted with effect, and succeeded. read more. Then heard I a certain holy one, speaking, - and another holy one said to that certain holy one who was speaking - How long is the vision of the continual ascending-sacrifice as taken away, and the transgression which astoundeth, for both sanctuary and host to be given over to be trampled underfoot? And he said unto him, Until two thousand and three hundred evening-mornings, - then shall the sanctuary, be vindicated.
And, at that time, will Michael, the great ruler who standeth for the sons of thy people, make a stand, and there will be a time of trouble, such as never was since there was a nation, up to that time, - and, at that time, shall thy people, be delivered, every one found written in the hook; and, many of the sleepers in the dusty ground, shall awake, - these, shall be to age-abiding life, but, those, to reproach, and age-abiding abhorrence; read more. and, they who make wise, shall shine like the shining of the expanse, - and, they who bring the many to righteousness, like the stars to times age-abiding and beyond.
But I will pour out upon the house of David and upon the inhabitant of Jerusalem, the spirit of favour, and of supplications, and they will look unto me, whom they have pierced, - and will wail over him, as one waileth over an only son, and will make bitter outcry over him, as one maketh bitter outcry over a firstborn.
That there may come upon you - all righteous blood poured out upon the earth, from the blood of Abel the righteous, unto the blood of Zachariah, son of Barachiah, whom ye murdered between the Temple and the altar.
It came to pass, in the days of Herod, king of Judaea, that there was a certain priest, by name Zachariah, of the daily course of Abia; and that he had a wife of the daughters of Aaron, and, her name, was Elizabeth.
But the messenger said unto him - Do not fear, Zachariah! Inasmuch as thy supplication hath been hearkened to, - and, thy wife Elizabeth, shall bring forth a son to thee, and thou shalt call his name, John;
And Mary said - Lo! the handmaid of the Lord! Might it come to pass unto me, according to thy declaration. And the messenger departed from her.
And, happy, is she who hath believed, that there shall be a perfecting of the things which have been spoken to her from the Lord!
And, asking for a small tablet, he wrote, saying - John, is his name! and they marvelled all. And his mouth was opened instantly, and his tongue loosed , and he began to speak, blessing, God.
Blessed, be the Lord, the God of Israel! Because he hath visited and wrought redemption for his people, And hath raised up a horn of salvation for us, In the house of David his servant: read more. According as he hath spoken by mouth of his holy ancient prophets, - Of salvation from among our foes, and out of the hand of all them that hate us: To perform mercy with our fathers, and to be mindful of his holy covenant, - The oath which he sware unto Abraham our father, To grant us, without fear, from the hand of enemies rescued, to be rendering divine service unto him, in lovingkindness and righteousness before him, all our days. And, even thou, child, prophet of the Most High, shalt be called, - for thou shall march on before the Lord, to prepare his ways, Giving a knowledge of salvation unto his people, by a remission of their sins. Because of the yearning compassion of the mercy of our God, wherein shall visit us a day-dawn from on high, - To shine on them who, in the darkness and shade of death, are sitting, to guide our feet into a way of peace. And, the child, went on growing, and being strengthened in spirit, and was in the deserts, until the day he was pointed out unto Israel.
From the blood of Abel, unto the blood of Zachariah who was destroyed betwixt the altar and the house; Yea! I say unto you - It shall be sought out from this generation.
And shall, God, in any wise not execute the vindication of his chosen ones, who are crying out to him day and night, although he beareth long with regard to them?
And, kneeling down, he cried out with a loud voice - Lord! do not charge against them, this sin. And, having said this, he fell asleep.
But, until this day, whensoever Moses is read, a veil upon their heart, doth lie; Howbeit, whensoever he turneth unto the Lord, he taketh off the veil:
For I bear him witness, that he hath great toil in behalf of you, and them in Laodicea, and them in Hierapolis.
And, when he opened the fifth seal, I saw, beneath the altar, the souls of them who had been slain because of the word of God and because of the witness which they held. And they cried out with a loud voice, saying - How long, O Sovereign, the Holy and True, dost thou not vindicate and avenge our blood from them that dwell upon the earth? read more. And there was given to them, each one, a white robe, and it was bidden them, that they should rest yet a little while - until the number should be made full of their fellow-servants also, and their brethren, who were about to be slain as even, they.
And, another messenger, came, and took his stand at the altar, having a censer of gold: and there was given unto him much incense, that he might give it unto the prayers of all the saints, upon the altar of gold that is before the throne. And the smoke of the incense went up, with the prayers of the saints, out of the hand of the messenger before God.
Morish
Zachari'as
1. Son of Barachias, who was slain between the temple and the altar. Mt 23:35; Lu 11:51. This probably refers to Zecharias the son of Jehoiada, who was thus slain by order of the king. '/2-Chronicles/24/20/type/emb'>2Ch 24:20-22; 'son' in one of the places may signify 'grandson.' As the Book of Chronicles closes the Hebrew Bible, this assassination of a righteous man may well be deemed the last as that of Abel was the first.
2. Priest of the course of Abia, and father of John the Baptist. Because of his unbelief he was dumb until the child was born. When his son was circumcised, his voice was restored, and being full of the Holy Ghost he praised God and prophesied. His friends proposed the same name for his son; but he objected, and the babe was named John, as directed by the angel. Luke 1.
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And, the spirit of God, clothed Zechariah son of Jehoiada the priest, and he took his stand above the people, - and said unto them, Thus, saith God, Wherefore are, ye, transgressing the commandments of Yahweh, so that ye cannot prosper, because ye have forsaken Yahweh, therefore hath he forsaken you. So they conspired against him, and stoned him with stones, by the commandment of the king, - in the court of the house of Yahweh. read more. Thus Joash the king, remembered not, the lovingkindness which Jehoiada his father had done for him, but slew his son, - and, as he died, he said, Yahweh see and require!
That there may come upon you - all righteous blood poured out upon the earth, from the blood of Abel the righteous, unto the blood of Zachariah, son of Barachiah, whom ye murdered between the Temple and the altar.
From the blood of Abel, unto the blood of Zachariah who was destroyed betwixt the altar and the house; Yea! I say unto you - It shall be sought out from this generation.
Smith
Zachari'as
(Greek form of Zechariah).
1. Father of John the Baptist.
Lu 1:5
etc. He was a priest of the course of Abia. the eighth of the twenty-four courses who ministered at the temple in turn. He probably lived at Hebron. His wife's name was Elisabeth. John was born to them in their old age, and the promise of this son was communicated to Zacharias by an angel while he was offering incense and praying in the temple.
2. Son of Barachias, who, our Lord says, was slain by the Jews between the altar and the temple.
Mt 23:35; Lu 11:54
There has been much dispute who this Zacharias was. Many of the Greek fathers have maintained that the father of John the Baptist is the person to whom our Lord alludes but there can be little or no doubt that the allusion is to Zechariah, the son of Jehoiada,
and he may have been called "the son" of Barachias from his grandfather. (B.C. 838.) He is mentioned as being the martyr last recorded in the Hebrew Scriptures (as Abel was the first) -d Chronicles being the last book in their canon.
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And, the spirit of God, clothed Zechariah son of Jehoiada the priest, and he took his stand above the people, - and said unto them, Thus, saith God, Wherefore are, ye, transgressing the commandments of Yahweh, so that ye cannot prosper, because ye have forsaken Yahweh, therefore hath he forsaken you. So they conspired against him, and stoned him with stones, by the commandment of the king, - in the court of the house of Yahweh.
That there may come upon you - all righteous blood poured out upon the earth, from the blood of Abel the righteous, unto the blood of Zachariah, son of Barachiah, whom ye murdered between the Temple and the altar.
It came to pass, in the days of Herod, king of Judaea, that there was a certain priest, by name Zachariah, of the daily course of Abia; and that he had a wife of the daughters of Aaron, and, her name, was Elizabeth.
lying in wait for him, to catch something out of his mouth.