Reference: Army
Easton
The Israelites marched out of Egypt in military order (Ex 13:18, "harnessed;" marg., "five in a rank"). Each tribe formed a battalion, with its own banner and leader (Nu 2:2; 10:14). In war the army was divided into thousands and hundreds under their several captains (Nu 31:14), and also into families (Nu 2:34; 2Ch 25:5; 26:12). From the time of their entering the land of Canaan to the time of the kings, the Israelites made little progress in military affairs, although often engaged in warfare. The kings introduced the custom of maintaining a bodyguard (the Gibborim; i.e., "heroes"), and thus the nucleus of a standing army was formed. Saul had an army of 3,000 select warriors (1Sa 13:2; 14:52; 24:2). David also had a band of soldiers around him (1Sa 23:13; 25:13). To this band he afterwards added the Cherethites and the Pelethites (2Sa 15:18; 20:7). At first the army consisted only of infantry (1Sa 4:10; 15:4), as the use of horses was prohibited (De 17:16); but chariots and horses were afterwards added (2Sa 8:4; 1Ki 10:26,28-29; 9:19). In 1Ki 9:22 there is given a list of the various gradations of rank held by those who composed the army. The equipment and maintenance of the army were at the public expense (2Sa 17:28-29; 1Ki 4:27; 10:16-17; Jg 20:10). At the Exodus the number of males above twenty years capable of bearing arms was 600,000 (Ex 12:37). In David's time it mounted to the number of 1,300,000 (2Sa 24:9).
See Verses Found in Dictionary
And the sons of Israel journeyed from Rameses to Succoth, about six hundred thousand on foot who were men, besides children.
But God led the people about, by the way of the wilderness by the Red Sea. And the sons of Israel went up armed out of the land of Egypt.
The sons of Israel shall encamp every man by his own standard, with the ensigns of their fathers' houses. They shall encamp round about opposite the tent of meeting.
Thus did the sons of Israel. According to all that LORD commanded Moses, so they encamped by their standards, and so they set forward, everyone by their families, according to their fathers' houses.
And in the first [place] the standard of the camp of the sons of Judah set forward according to their armies, and over his army was Nahshon the son of Amminadab.
And Moses was angry with the officers of the army, the captains of thousands and the captains of hundreds, who came from the service of the war.
Only he shall not multiply horses to himself, nor cause the people to return to Egypt, to the end that he may multiply horses, inasmuch as LORD has said to you, Ye shall henceforth return no more that way.
and we will take ten men of a hundred throughout all the tribes of Israel, and a hundred of a thousand, and a thousand out of ten thousand, to fetch provision for the people, that they may do, when they come to Gibeah of Benjamin,
And the Philistines fought, and Israel was smitten, and they fled every man to his tent. And there was a very great slaughter, for there fell of Israel thirty thousand footmen.
Saul chose for him three thousand men of Israel, of which two thousand were with Saul in Michmash, and on the mount of Bethel, and a thousand were with Jonathan in Gibeah of Benjamin, and the rest of the people he sent every man to
And there was great war against the Philistines all the days of Saul. And when Saul saw any mighty man, or any valiant man, he took him to him.
And Saul summoned the people, and numbered them in Telaim, two hundred thousand footmen, and ten thousand men of Judah.
Then David and his men, who were about six hundred, arose and departed out of Keilah, and went wherever they could go. And it was told Saul that David was escaped from Keilah, and he ceased to go forth.
Then Saul took three thousand chosen men out of all Israel, and went to seek David and his men upon the rocks of the wild goats.
And David said to his men, Gird ye on every man his sword. And they girded on every man his sword, and David also girded on his sword. And there went up after David about four hundred men, and two hundred abode by the baggage.
And David took from him a thousand and seven hundred horsemen, and twenty thousand footmen. And David hocked all the chariot horses, but reserved of them for a hundred chariots.
And all his servants passed on beside him; and all the Cherethites, and all the Pelethites, and all the Gittites, six hundred men who came after him from Gath, passed on before the king.
brought beds, and basins, and earthen vessels, and wheat, and barley, and meal, and roasted [grain], and beans, and lentils, and roasted [pulse], and honey, and butter, and sheep, and cheese of the herd, for David, and for the people who were with him, to eat. For they said, The people are hungry, and weary, and thirsty, in the wilderness.
And there went out after him Joab's men, and the Cherethites and the Pelethites, and all the mighty men. And they went out of Jerusalem, to pursue after Sheba the son of Bichri.
And Joab gave the sum of the numbering of the people to the king. And there were in Israel eight hundred thousand valiant men who drew the sword, and the men of Judah were five hundred thousand men.
But of the sons of Israel Solomon made no bondservants, but they were the men of war, and his servants, and his rulers, and his captains, and rulers of his chariots and of his horsemen.
Fausets
In Israel's, at the Exodus, every man above 20 was a soldier (Nu 1:3); each tribe a battalion, with its own banner and leader (Nu 2:2; 10:5-6,14). Their positions in camp and on march were accurately fixed. The whole host moved according to preappointed alarms on the trumpet. So (Ex 13:18) they "went up harnessed" (margin five in a rank; chamushim, from chameesh, "five"; or from chomesh, "the loins," with the loins girt), prepared for the march, not fleeing away as fugitives. Five was a number regarded as inauspicious by the Egyptians, but honored by Israel; witness the five books of the pentateuch, the Jubilee of fifty years. Manetho describes the Israelites as 250,000 lepers, five X fifty thousand. The exactness of their martial order is implied in Balaam's metaphors (Nu 24:6).
The "scribe of the host" made the conscription and chose the officers when needful (De 20:5-9; 2Ki 25:19; 2Ch 26:11). The army was divided into thousands and hundreds with captains over each; the family too was respected in the army organization, as being the unit in the Jewish polity (Nu 2:34; 31:14). Before the time of the kings their tactics were of a loose desultory kind; but the kings established a body guard, the first step toward a standing army. Saul had 3000 picked men (1Sa 13:2; 14:52; 24:2). David had 600 before his accession (1Sa 23:13); after it he added the Cherethites and Pelethites and Gittites (2Sa 8:18; 15:18), and veteran guards (shalishim, "captains," 1Ch 12:18; 23/15/type/acv'>Eze 23:15,23, "princes," "great lords") whose "chief" was about David's person as adjutant. He called out also monthly a regiment of national militia, twelve regiments in all, under officers (1Ch 27:1).
A "captain of the host," or commander in chief, led the army in time of war; as Abner under Saul, Joab under David. Judaea and the northern kingdom Israel being hilly, were little suited for chariots and horsemen, except in the plains of Esdraelon and Philistia, and toward Egypt and Syria. Moreover, God had forbidden the multiplication of horses (De 17:16). But their own unfaithfulness exposed them to the enemy's powerful chariots; so they too longed to have similar ones (Jos 17:16; 11:9; Jg 1:19; 4:2; 1Sa 13:5). David reserved 100 from the Syrian spoils (2Sa 8:4). Solomon afterward largely increased the number from Egypt (1Ki 10:26-29; 9:19); in all 1400 chariots, 12000 horsemen. The grades in the army appear in 1Ki 9:22, "men of war" (privates), servants (subalterns), princes (captains), captains (staff officers), rulers of chariots and horsemen (cavalry officers).
The body guard was permanently maintained (1Ki 14:28), the militia only exceptionally called out. The Syrians reduced the cavalry to a mere fragment in Jehoahaz's reign. Jotham in Judah had a large cavalry force (Isa 2:7), but it was much brought down in Hezekiah's reign, so that the Jews, in violation of God's prohibition (De 17:16), looked to Egypt for horses and chariots (Isa 31:1; 36:9; Ps 20:7). In action the army was often in three divisions (Jg 7:16; 1Sa 11:11; 2Sa 18:2). Jehoshaphat divided his into five bodies (answering to the five geographical divisions then), but virtually Judah's heavy armed men formed the main army, the two light armed divisions of Benjamin the subsidiary bodies. At the Exodus the number of soldiers was 600,000 (Ex 12:37), at the borders of Canaan 601,730; under David, 1,300,000 men capable of service, namely, 800,000 for Israel, 500,000 for Judah (2Sa 24:9), but in 1Ch 21:5-6 it is 1,570,000; namely, 1,100,000 for Israel, and 470,000 for Judah.
The discrepancy is due to the census having been broken off (1Ch 27:24). The militia (1Ch 27:1, etc.), 288,000, was probably included in Chronicles, not in Samuel. The exact census was not entered in the annals of the kingdom (1Ch 27:24); hence the amount is given in round and not exact numbers. Levi and Benjamin were not reckoned, the latter owing to Joab's repugnance to the census (1Ch 21:6). Jehoshaphat's army was 1,160,000 (2Ch 17:14-18). John Hyrcanus first introduced mercenaries. The Roman army was divided into legions, each under six tribunes ("chief captains," chiliarchs, Ac 21:31), who commanded in turn. The legion had 10 cohorts ("bands," speira, Ac 10:1), the cohort into three maniples, the maniple into two centuries (each 100 men originally), commanded by a centurion (Ac 10:1-22; Mt 8:5).
The "Italian band" or cohort consisted of volunteers from Italy, perhaps the procurator's body guard. "Augustus' band" or cohort (Ac 27:1) were either volunteers from Sebaste, or a cohort similar to "the Augustan legion." Caesarea was the Roman head quarters in Palestine. The ordinary guard was a quaternion of four soldiers, answering to the four watches of the night, and relieving each other every three hours (Ac 12:4; Joh 19:23). Two watched outside a prisoner's door, two inside (Ac 12:6). "The captain of the guard" (Ac 28:16) was probably commander of the Praetorian guards, to whom prisoners from the provinces were committed. The "spearmen" (dexiolabi; Ac 23:23) were light armed body guards, literally "protecting the right side," or else "grasping the weapon with the right hand."
See Verses Found in Dictionary
And the sons of Israel journeyed from Rameses to Succoth, about six hundred thousand on foot who were men, besides children.
And the sons of Israel journeyed from Rameses to Succoth, about six hundred thousand on foot who were men, besides children.
But God led the people about, by the way of the wilderness by the Red Sea. And the sons of Israel went up armed out of the land of Egypt.
But God led the people about, by the way of the wilderness by the Red Sea. And the sons of Israel went up armed out of the land of Egypt.
from twenty years old and upward, all who are able to go forth to war in Israel. Thou and Aaron shall number them by their armies.
from twenty years old and upward, all who are able to go forth to war in Israel. Thou and Aaron shall number them by their armies.
The sons of Israel shall encamp every man by his own standard, with the ensigns of their fathers' houses. They shall encamp round about opposite the tent of meeting.
The sons of Israel shall encamp every man by his own standard, with the ensigns of their fathers' houses. They shall encamp round about opposite the tent of meeting.
Thus did the sons of Israel. According to all that LORD commanded Moses, so they encamped by their standards, and so they set forward, everyone by their families, according to their fathers' houses.
Thus did the sons of Israel. According to all that LORD commanded Moses, so they encamped by their standards, and so they set forward, everyone by their families, according to their fathers' houses.
And when ye blow an alarm, the camps that lie on the east side shall take their journey.
And when ye blow an alarm, the camps that lie on the east side shall take their journey. And when ye blow an alarm the second time, the camps that lie on the south side shall take their journey. They shall blow an alarm for their journeys.
And when ye blow an alarm the second time, the camps that lie on the south side shall take their journey. They shall blow an alarm for their journeys.
And in the first [place] the standard of the camp of the sons of Judah set forward according to their armies, and over his army was Nahshon the son of Amminadab.
And in the first [place] the standard of the camp of the sons of Judah set forward according to their armies, and over his army was Nahshon the son of Amminadab.
As valleys they are spread forth, as gardens by the river-side, as aloes which LORD has planted, as cedar trees beside the waters.
As valleys they are spread forth, as gardens by the river-side, as aloes which LORD has planted, as cedar trees beside the waters.
And Moses was angry with the officers of the army, the captains of thousands and the captains of hundreds, who came from the service of the war.
And Moses was angry with the officers of the army, the captains of thousands and the captains of hundreds, who came from the service of the war.
Only he shall not multiply horses to himself, nor cause the people to return to Egypt, to the end that he may multiply horses, inasmuch as LORD has said to you, Ye shall henceforth return no more that way.
Only he shall not multiply horses to himself, nor cause the people to return to Egypt, to the end that he may multiply horses, inasmuch as LORD has said to you, Ye shall henceforth return no more that way.
Only he shall not multiply horses to himself, nor cause the people to return to Egypt, to the end that he may multiply horses, inasmuch as LORD has said to you, Ye shall henceforth return no more that way.
Only he shall not multiply horses to himself, nor cause the people to return to Egypt, to the end that he may multiply horses, inasmuch as LORD has said to you, Ye shall henceforth return no more that way.
And the officers shall speak to the people, saying, What man is there who has built a new house, and has not dedicated it? Let him go and return to his house, lest he die in the battle, and another man dedicate it.
And the officers shall speak to the people, saying, What man is there who has built a new house, and has not dedicated it? Let him go and return to his house, lest he die in the battle, and another man dedicate it. And what man is there who has planted a vineyard, and has not used the fruit of it? Let him go and return to his house, lest he die in the battle, and another man use the fruit of it.
And what man is there who has planted a vineyard, and has not used the fruit of it? Let him go and return to his house, lest he die in the battle, and another man use the fruit of it. And what man is there who has betrothed a wife, and has not taken her? Let him go and return to his house, lest he die in the battle, and another man take her.
And what man is there who has betrothed a wife, and has not taken her? Let him go and return to his house, lest he die in the battle, and another man take her. And the officers shall speak further to the people, and they shall say, What man is there who is fearful and faint-hearted? Let him go and return to his house, lest his brother's heart melt as his heart.
And the officers shall speak further to the people, and they shall say, What man is there who is fearful and faint-hearted? Let him go and return to his house, lest his brother's heart melt as his heart. And it shall be, when the officers have made an end of speaking to the people, that they shall appoint captains of armies at the head of the people.
And it shall be, when the officers have made an end of speaking to the people, that they shall appoint captains of armies at the head of the people.
And Joshua did to them as LORD bade him. He hocked their horses, and burnt their chariots with fire.
And Joshua did to them as LORD bade him. He hocked their horses, and burnt their chariots with fire.
And the sons of Joseph said, The hill-country is not enough for us, and all the Canaanites who dwell in the land of the valley have chariots of iron, both those who are in Beth-shean and its towns, and those who are in the valley o
And the sons of Joseph said, The hill-country is not enough for us, and all the Canaanites who dwell in the land of the valley have chariots of iron, both those who are in Beth-shean and its towns, and those who are in the valley o
And LORD was with Judah, and drove out [those of] the hill-country, but he could not drive out the inhabitants of the valley because they had chariots of iron.
And LORD was with Judah, and drove out [those of] the hill-country, but he could not drive out the inhabitants of the valley because they had chariots of iron.
And LORD sold them into the hand of Jabin king of Canaan who reigned in Hazor, the captain of whose army was Sisera who dwelt in Harosheth of the Gentiles.
And LORD sold them into the hand of Jabin king of Canaan who reigned in Hazor, the captain of whose army was Sisera who dwelt in Harosheth of the Gentiles.
And he divided the three hundred men into three companies, and he put trumpets into the hands of all of them, and empty pitchers, with torches inside the pitchers.
And he divided the three hundred men into three companies, and he put trumpets into the hands of all of them, and empty pitchers, with torches inside the pitchers.
Saul chose for him three thousand men of Israel, of which two thousand were with Saul in Michmash, and on the mount of Bethel, and a thousand were with Jonathan in Gibeah of Benjamin, and the rest of the people he sent every man to
Saul chose for him three thousand men of Israel, of which two thousand were with Saul in Michmash, and on the mount of Bethel, and a thousand were with Jonathan in Gibeah of Benjamin, and the rest of the people he sent every man to
And there was great war against the Philistines all the days of Saul. And when Saul saw any mighty man, or any valiant man, he took him to him.
And there was great war against the Philistines all the days of Saul. And when Saul saw any mighty man, or any valiant man, he took him to him.
Then David and his men, who were about six hundred, arose and departed out of Keilah, and went wherever they could go. And it was told Saul that David was escaped from Keilah, and he ceased to go forth.
Then David and his men, who were about six hundred, arose and departed out of Keilah, and went wherever they could go. And it was told Saul that David was escaped from Keilah, and he ceased to go forth.
Then Saul took three thousand chosen men out of all Israel, and went to seek David and his men upon the rocks of the wild goats.
Then Saul took three thousand chosen men out of all Israel, and went to seek David and his men upon the rocks of the wild goats.
And David took from him a thousand and seven hundred horsemen, and twenty thousand footmen. And David hocked all the chariot horses, but reserved of them for a hundred chariots.
And David took from him a thousand and seven hundred horsemen, and twenty thousand footmen. And David hocked all the chariot horses, but reserved of them for a hundred chariots.
and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada [was over] the Cherethites and the Pelethites, and David's sons were chief ministers.
and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada [was over] the Cherethites and the Pelethites, and David's sons were chief ministers.
And all his servants passed on beside him; and all the Cherethites, and all the Pelethites, and all the Gittites, six hundred men who came after him from Gath, passed on before the king.
And all his servants passed on beside him; and all the Cherethites, and all the Pelethites, and all the Gittites, six hundred men who came after him from Gath, passed on before the king.
And Joab gave the sum of the numbering of the people to the king. And there were in Israel eight hundred thousand valiant men who drew the sword, and the men of Judah were five hundred thousand men.
And Joab gave the sum of the numbering of the people to the king. And there were in Israel eight hundred thousand valiant men who drew the sword, and the men of Judah were five hundred thousand men.
and all the store-cities that Solomon had, and the cities for his chariots, and the cities for his horsemen, and that which Solomon desired to build for his pleasure in Jerusalem, and in Lebanon, and in all the land of his dominion
and all the store-cities that Solomon had, and the cities for his chariots, and the cities for his horsemen, and that which Solomon desired to build for his pleasure in Jerusalem, and in Lebanon, and in all the land of his dominion
But of the sons of Israel Solomon made no bondservants, but they were the men of war, and his servants, and his rulers, and his captains, and rulers of his chariots and of his horsemen.
But of the sons of Israel Solomon made no bondservants, but they were the men of war, and his servants, and his rulers, and his captains, and rulers of his chariots and of his horsemen.
And Solomon gathered together chariots and horsemen. And he had a thousand and four hundred chariots, and twelve thousand horsemen, that he bestowed in the chariot cities, and with the king at Jerusalem.
And Solomon gathered together chariots and horsemen. And he had a thousand and four hundred chariots, and twelve thousand horsemen, that he bestowed in the chariot cities, and with the king at Jerusalem. And the king made silver to be in Jerusalem as stones, and cedars he made to be as the sycamore trees that are in the lowland, for abundance.
And the king made silver to be in Jerusalem as stones, and cedars he made to be as the sycamore trees that are in the lowland, for abundance. And the horses which Solomon had were brought out of Egypt. And the king's merchants received them in herds, each herd at a price.
And the horses which Solomon had were brought out of Egypt. And the king's merchants received them in herds, each herd at a price. And a chariot came up and went out of Egypt for six hundred [shekels] of silver, and a horse for a hundred and fifty. And so for all the kings of the Hittites, and for the kings of Syria, they brought them out by their means.
And a chariot came up and went out of Egypt for six hundred [shekels] of silver, and a horse for a hundred and fifty. And so for all the kings of the Hittites, and for the kings of Syria, they brought them out by their means.
And it was so, that, as often as the king went into the house of LORD, the guard bore them, and brought them back into the guard-chamber.
And it was so, that, as often as the king went into the house of LORD, the guard bore them, and brought them back into the guard-chamber.
Then the Spirit came upon Amasai, who was chief of the thirty, [and he said], We are thine, David, and on thy side, thou son of Jesse. Peace, peace be to thee, and peace be to thy helpers, for thy God helps thee. Then David receive
Then the Spirit came upon Amasai, who was chief of the thirty, [and he said], We are thine, David, and on thy side, thou son of Jesse. Peace, peace be to thee, and peace be to thy helpers, for thy God helps thee. Then David receive
And Joab gave up the sum of the numbering of the people to David. And all those of Israel were a million and a hundred thousand men who drew a sword. And Judah was four hundred seventy thousand men who drew a sword.
And Joab gave up the sum of the numbering of the people to David. And all those of Israel were a million and a hundred thousand men who drew a sword. And Judah was four hundred seventy thousand men who drew a sword. But he did not count Levi and Benjamin among them, for the king's word was abominable to Joab.
But he did not count Levi and Benjamin among them, for the king's word was abominable to Joab.
But he did not count Levi and Benjamin among them, for the king's word was abominable to Joab.
But he did not count Levi and Benjamin among them, for the king's word was abominable to Joab.
Now the sons of Israel after their number, [namely], the heads of fathers and the captains of thousands and of hundreds, and their officers who served the king, in any matter of the divisions which came in and went out month by mon
Now the sons of Israel after their number, [namely], the heads of fathers and the captains of thousands and of hundreds, and their officers who served the king, in any matter of the divisions which came in and went out month by mon
Now the sons of Israel after their number, [namely], the heads of fathers and the captains of thousands and of hundreds, and their officers who served the king, in any matter of the divisions which came in and went out month by mon
Now the sons of Israel after their number, [namely], the heads of fathers and the captains of thousands and of hundreds, and their officers who served the king, in any matter of the divisions which came in and went out month by mon
Joab the son of Zeruiah began to number, but did not finish. And wrath came for this upon Israel. Neither was the number put into the account in the chronicles of king David.
Joab the son of Zeruiah began to number, but did not finish. And wrath came for this upon Israel. Neither was the number put into the account in the chronicles of king David.
Joab the son of Zeruiah began to number, but did not finish. And wrath came for this upon Israel. Neither was the number put into the account in the chronicles of king David.
Joab the son of Zeruiah began to number, but did not finish. And wrath came for this upon Israel. Neither was the number put into the account in the chronicles of king David.
And this was the numbering of them according to their fathers' houses. Of Judah, the captains of thousands: Adnah the captain, and with him three hundred thousand mighty men of valor;
And this was the numbering of them according to their fathers' houses. Of Judah, the captains of thousands: Adnah the captain, and with him three hundred thousand mighty men of valor; and next to him Jehohanan the captain, and with him two hundred and eighty thousand;
and next to him Jehohanan the captain, and with him two hundred and eighty thousand; and next to him Amasiah the son of Zichri, who willingly offered himself to LORD, and with him two hundred thousand mighty men of valor.
and next to him Amasiah the son of Zichri, who willingly offered himself to LORD, and with him two hundred thousand mighty men of valor. And of Benjamin: Eliada a mighty man of valor, and with him two hundred thousand armed with bow and shield;
And of Benjamin: Eliada a mighty man of valor, and with him two hundred thousand armed with bow and shield; and next to him Jehozabad, and with him a hundred and eighty thousand ready prepared for war.
and next to him Jehozabad, and with him a hundred and eighty thousand ready prepared for war.
Some [trust] in chariots, and some in horses, but we will make mention of the name of LORD our God.
Some [trust] in chariots, and some in horses, but we will make mention of the name of LORD our God.
And their land is full of silver and gold, neither is there any end of their treasures. Their land is also full of horses, neither is there any end of their chariots.
And their land is full of silver and gold, neither is there any end of their treasures. Their land is also full of horses, neither is there any end of their chariots.
Woe to those who go down to Egypt for help, and rely on horses, and trust in chariots because they are many, and in horsemen because they are very strong, but they look not to the Holy One of Israel, nor seek LORD!
Woe to those who go down to Egypt for help, and rely on horses, and trust in chariots because they are many, and in horsemen because they are very strong, but they look not to the Holy One of Israel, nor seek LORD!
How then can thou turn away the face of one captain of the least of my master's servants, and put thy trust on Egypt for chariots and for horsemen?
How then can thou turn away the face of one captain of the least of my master's servants, and put thy trust on Egypt for chariots and for horsemen?
girded with belts upon their loins, with flowing turbans upon their heads, all of them rulers to look upon, according to the likeness of the Babylonians in Chaldea, the land of their nativity.
girded with belts upon their loins, with flowing turbans upon their heads, all of them rulers to look upon, according to the likeness of the Babylonians in Chaldea, the land of their nativity.
the Babylonians and all the Chaldeans, Pekod and Shoa and Koa, [and] all the Assyrians with them, desirable young men, governors and rulers all of them, rulers and men of renown, all of them riding upon horses.
the Babylonians and all the Chaldeans, Pekod and Shoa and Koa, [and] all the Assyrians with them, desirable young men, governors and rulers all of them, rulers and men of renown, all of them riding upon horses.
And upon his entering into Capernaum, a centurion came to him, beseeching him,
And upon his entering into Capernaum, a centurion came to him, beseeching him,
The soldiers therefore when they crucified Jesus, took his garments and made four parts, to each soldier a part, and also the tunic. But the tunic was a seamless weave, from the top throughout.
The soldiers therefore when they crucified Jesus, took his garments and made four parts, to each soldier a part, and also the tunic. But the tunic was a seamless weave, from the top throughout.
Now a certain man was in Caesarea, Cornelius by name, a centurion of the band called Italian,
Now a certain man was in Caesarea, Cornelius by name, a centurion of the band called Italian,
Now a certain man was in Caesarea, Cornelius by name, a centurion of the band called Italian,
Now a certain man was in Caesarea, Cornelius by name, a centurion of the band called Italian, a devout man, and fearing God with all his house, and doing many charities for the people, and beseeching God always.
a devout man, and fearing God with all his house, and doing many charities for the people, and beseeching God always. He saw plainly in a vision about the ninth hour of the day, an agent of God coming in to him, and saying to him, Cornelius.
He saw plainly in a vision about the ninth hour of the day, an agent of God coming in to him, and saying to him, Cornelius. And after gazing at him, and having become afraid, he said, What is it, Lord? And he said to him, Thy prayers and thy charities have come up for a memorial before God.
And after gazing at him, and having become afraid, he said, What is it, Lord? And he said to him, Thy prayers and thy charities have come up for a memorial before God. And now send men to Joppa and summon Simon, who is surnamed Peter.
And now send men to Joppa and summon Simon, who is surnamed Peter. This man lodges with a certain Simon, a tanner, whose house is beside the seaside.
This man lodges with a certain Simon, a tanner, whose house is beside the seaside. And when the heavenly agent speaking to Cornelius departed, having called two of his housemen, and a devout soldier of those who personally served him,
And when the heavenly agent speaking to Cornelius departed, having called two of his housemen, and a devout soldier of those who personally served him, and after reporting all things to them, he sent them to Joppa.
and after reporting all things to them, he sent them to Joppa. Now on the morrow, while those men were traveling and approaching the city, Peter went up upon the housetop to pray, about the sixth hour.
Now on the morrow, while those men were traveling and approaching the city, Peter went up upon the housetop to pray, about the sixth hour. And he became very hungry and wanted to eat. But while those men prepared, a trance fell upon him.
And he became very hungry and wanted to eat. But while those men prepared, a trance fell upon him. And he sees heaven opened, and a certain container descending to him, like a great sheet bound at four corners, and being lowered to the earth,
And he sees heaven opened, and a certain container descending to him, like a great sheet bound at four corners, and being lowered to the earth, in which were all the four-footed things of the earth, and the wild beasts, and the creeping things, and the birds of the sky.
in which were all the four-footed things of the earth, and the wild beasts, and the creeping things, and the birds of the sky. And a voice came to him, After rising, Peter, kill and eat.
And a voice came to him, After rising, Peter, kill and eat. But Peter said, Not so, Lord, because I have never eaten anything profane or unclean.
But Peter said, Not so, Lord, because I have never eaten anything profane or unclean. And a voice again for a second time, What God has cleansed, thou shall not make profane.
And a voice again for a second time, What God has cleansed, thou shall not make profane. And this happened thrice, and again the vessel was taken up into heaven.
And this happened thrice, and again the vessel was taken up into heaven. Now while Peter was bewildered in himself whatever the vision which he saw might be, that lo, the men who were sent from Cornelius, having inquired the house of Simon, stood at the gate.
Now while Peter was bewildered in himself whatever the vision which he saw might be, that lo, the men who were sent from Cornelius, having inquired the house of Simon, stood at the gate. And after calling out they asked whether Simon, who was surnamed Peter, lodges here.
And after calling out they asked whether Simon, who was surnamed Peter, lodges here. And while Peter thought about the vision, the Spirit said to him, Behold, men seek thee.
And while Peter thought about the vision, the Spirit said to him, Behold, men seek thee. But after rising, go down, and go with them, doubting nothing, because I have sent them.
But after rising, go down, and go with them, doubting nothing, because I have sent them. And having gone down to the men, Peter said, Behold, I am he whom ye seek. What is the cause for which ye are here?
And having gone down to the men, Peter said, Behold, I am he whom ye seek. What is the cause for which ye are here? And they said, Cornelius, a centurion, a righteous man, and fearing God, and being well testified by the whole nation of the Jews, was divinely warned by a holy agent to summon thee to his house, and to hear sayings from thee.
And they said, Cornelius, a centurion, a righteous man, and fearing God, and being well testified by the whole nation of the Jews, was divinely warned by a holy agent to summon thee to his house, and to hear sayings from thee.
whom, having also arrested, he put in prison, having delivered to four quaternions of soldiers to guard him, intending after the Passover to bring him forth to the people.
whom, having also arrested, he put in prison, having delivered to four quaternions of soldiers to guard him, intending after the Passover to bring him forth to the people.
And when Herod was about to bring him forth, that night Peter was sleeping between two soldiers, bound by two chains. And guards in front of the door guarded the prison.
And when Herod was about to bring him forth, that night Peter was sleeping between two soldiers, bound by two chains. And guards in front of the door guarded the prison.
And while seeking to kill him, a report went up to the chief captain of the band, that all Jerusalem has been stirred up.
And while seeking to kill him, a report went up to the chief captain of the band, that all Jerusalem has been stirred up.
And having summoned a certain two of the centurions, he said, Prepare two hundred soldiers that they may go to Caesarea, and seventy horsemen, and two hundred spearmen at the third hour of the night.
And having summoned a certain two of the centurions, he said, Prepare two hundred soldiers that they may go to Caesarea, and seventy horsemen, and two hundred spearmen at the third hour of the night.
And when it was determined for us to sail for Italy, they delivered both Paul and some other prisoners to a centurion named Julius, of the band of Augustus.
And when it was determined for us to sail for Italy, they delivered both Paul and some other prisoners to a centurion named Julius, of the band of Augustus.
And when we came to Rome, the centurion delivered the prisoners to the commandant, but Paul was allowed to dwell by himself with the soldier who guarded him.
And when we came to Rome, the centurion delivered the prisoners to the commandant, but Paul was allowed to dwell by himself with the soldier who guarded him.
Hastings
1. In default of a strong central authority; an army in the sense of a permanently organized and disciplined body of troops was an impossibility among the Hebrews before the establishment of the monarchy. The bands that followed a Gideon or a Jephthah were hastily improvised levies from his own and neighbouring clans, whose members returned with their share of the spoil to their ordinary occupations when the fray was at an end. The first step towards a more permanent arrangement was taken by Saul in his operations against the Philistines (1Sa 13:2; cf. 1Sa 14:52). David, however, was the first to establish the nucleus of a standing army, by retaining as a permanent bodyguard 600 'mighty men' (their official title) who had gathered round him in his exile (1Sa 23:13; 30:9; 2Sa 10:7; 16:6). To these were added the mercenary corps of the Cherethites and Pelethites (wh. see), and a company of 600 Gittites (2Sa 15:18). Apart from these, David's armies were raised by levy as before, but now from the whole nation, hence the technical use of 'the people' in the sense of 'the army' (2Sa 20:12 and often). Solomon's organization of his kingdom into administrative districts (1Ki 4:7 ff.) doubtless included matters of army administration (cf. 1Ki 4:28; 9:19; 10:26).
2. The organization of the Hebrew army was by units of thousands, originally associated with the civil divisions of the same name, with subdivisions of hundreds, fifties, and tens (1Sa 8:12; 17:18; 22:7; 2Ki 1:9 ff; 2Ki 11:4), an arrangement which continued into the Maccab
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from twenty years old and upward, all who are able to go forth to war in Israel. Thou and Aaron shall number them by their armies.
But the Levites were not numbered among the sons of Israel, as LORD commanded Moses.
And the officers shall speak to the people, saying, What man is there who has built a new house, and has not dedicated it? Let him go and return to his house, lest he die in the battle, and another man dedicate it. And what man is there who has planted a vineyard, and has not used the fruit of it? Let him go and return to his house, lest he die in the battle, and another man use the fruit of it.
And he will appoint them to him for captains of thousands, and captains of fifties. And [he will set some] to plow his ground, and to reap his harvest, and to make his instruments of war, and the instruments of his chariots.
Saul chose for him three thousand men of Israel, of which two thousand were with Saul in Michmash, and on the mount of Bethel, and a thousand were with Jonathan in Gibeah of Benjamin, and the rest of the people he sent every man to
And there was great war against the Philistines all the days of Saul. And when Saul saw any mighty man, or any valiant man, he took him to him.
And bring these ten cheeses to the captain of their thousand. And look how thy brothers fare, and take their pledge.
And Saul said to his servants who stood about him, Hear now, ye Benjamites. Will the son of Jesse give every one of you fields and vineyards. Will he make you all captains of thousands and captains of hundreds,
Then David and his men, who were about six hundred, arose and departed out of Keilah, and went wherever they could go. And it was told Saul that David was escaped from Keilah, and he ceased to go forth.
So David went, he and the six hundred men who were with him, and came to the brook Besor, where those who were left behind stayed.
And who will hearken to you in this matter? For as his share is who goes down to the battle so shall his share be who remains by the baggage; they shall share alike.
And all his servants passed on beside him; and all the Cherethites, and all the Pelethites, and all the Gittites, six hundred men who came after him from Gath, passed on before the king.
And Amasa lay wallowing in his blood in the midst of the highway. And when the man saw that all the people stood still, he carried Amasa out of the highway into the field, and cast a garment over him, when he saw that everyone who
And Solomon had twelve officers over all Israel who provided provisions for the king and his household. Each man had to make provision for a month in the year.
And Judah and Israel dwelt safely, every man under his vine and under his fig tree, from Dan even to Beersheba, all the days of Solomon.
Barley also and straw for the horses and swift steeds they brought to the place where [the officers] were, every man according to his charge.
and all the store-cities that Solomon had, and the cities for his chariots, and the cities for his horsemen, and that which Solomon desired to build for his pleasure in Jerusalem, and in Lebanon, and in all the land of his dominion
But of the sons of Israel Solomon made no bondservants, but they were the men of war, and his servants, and his rulers, and his captains, and rulers of his chariots and of his horsemen.
And Solomon gathered together chariots and horsemen. And he had a thousand and four hundred chariots, and twelve thousand horsemen, that he bestowed in the chariot cities, and with the king at Jerusalem.
And Solomon gathered together chariots and horsemen. And he had a thousand and four hundred chariots, and twelve thousand horsemen, that he bestowed in the chariot cities, and with the king at Jerusalem.
And in the seventh year Jehoiada sent and fetched the captains over hundreds of the Carites and of the guard, and brought them to him into the house of LORD. And he made a covenant with them, and took an oath of them in the house o
The sons of Reuben, and the Gadites, and the half-tribe of Manasseh, of valiant men, men able to bear buckler and sword, and to shoot with bow, and skilful in war, were forty-four thousand seven hundred and sixty, who were able to
And Uzziah prepared for them, even for all the army, shields, and spears, and helmets, and coats of mail, and bows, and stones for slinging.
Morish
It must be remembered that Israel were the hosts of Jehovah, keeping His charge and fighting His battles. Ex 12:41; Jos 5:14. It appears that all who reached the age of twenty years were contemplated as able to bear arms, Nu 1:3; and they marched and encamped in 4 divisions of 3 tribes each, with a captain over every tribe. The subdivisions were into thousands and hundreds, Nu 31:14, and into families. Jos 7:17. There were also trumpet calls, Nu 10:9 (cf. 1Co 14:8), and all the appearance of careful organisation. Until the time of the kings this natural or tribal organisation seems to have been usual, but in the time of Saul there was a body guard, 1Sa 13:2, and a captain of the host, 1Sa 17:55. In David's days those heroes who were with him in the cave of Adullam formed the nucleus of his 'mighty men.' 2Sa 23:8-39. They were devoted to the service of God's king. David afterwards organised a monthly militia of 24,000 man under 12 captains. 1Ch 27:1-15.
The general gradation of ranks was into privates; 'men of war;' officers; Solomon's 'servants;' captains or 'princes;' and others variously described as head captains, or knights or staff officers; with rulers of his chariots and his horsemen. 1Ki 9:22. It may be noticed that horses having been forbidden, De 17:16, it was not until Solomon's time that this was organised, though David had reserved horses for a hundred chariots from the spoil of the Syrians. 2Sa 8:4. Solomon, trading with Egypt, 1Ki 10:28-29, enlarged their number until the force amounted to 1,400 chariots, and 12,000 horsemen, 1Ki 10:26; 2Ch 1:14. Every able man being a soldier gave David the immense army of 1,570,000 men that 'drew sword.' 1Ch 21:5. After the division, Judah under Abijah had an army of 400,000 'valiant men,' and Israel at the same time of 800,000 'chosen men.' Afterwards Asa had 580,000 'mighty men of valour;' and Jehoshaphat, who had waxed great exceedingly, had as many as 1,160,000 men, besides those left in the fenced cities. 2Ch 17:14-19.
In the N.T. a few references are made to the Roman army. A 'Legion' was a body that contained within itself all the gradations of the army. It might be called under the empire, in round numbers, a force of not more than 6,000 men. Every legion at times contained 10 cohorts of 600 each; every cohort 3 maniples of 200; and every maniple 2 centuries of 100: hence the name of centurion or commander of 100 men, as found in Ac 10:1,22, etc. Each legion was presided over by 6 chiefs, ?????????, each commanding 1,000 men, mostly translated 'chief captain,' as in Ac 21:31-37, etc.: it is 'high captain' in Mr 6:21; and 'captain' in Joh 18:12; Re 19:18. A cohort, ??????, is translated 'band' in Ac 10:1; 21:31, etc. A 'quaternion' embraced 4 soldiers. Ac 12:4.
The head quarters of the Roman troops was at Caesarea, with a cohort at Jerusalem; but at the time of the feast, when, alas, the mutinous disposition of the Jews was sure to appear, additional troops were present in the city but without their standards of the eagle, etc., which were especially obnoxious to the Jews. Though the Romans were God's rod to punish them, their stiff necks could not bow, nor receive the punishment as from Jehovah.
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And it came to pass at the end of four hundred and thirty years, even the selfsame day it came to pass, that all the armies of LORD went out from the land of Egypt.
from twenty years old and upward, all who are able to go forth to war in Israel. Thou and Aaron shall number them by their armies.
And when ye go to war in your land against the adversary that oppresses you, then ye shall sound an alarm with the trumpets. And ye shall be remembered before LORD your God, and ye shall be saved from your enemies.
And Moses was angry with the officers of the army, the captains of thousands and the captains of hundreds, who came from the service of the war.
Only he shall not multiply horses to himself, nor cause the people to return to Egypt, to the end that he may multiply horses, inasmuch as LORD has said to you, Ye shall henceforth return no more that way.
And he said, No, but [as] captain of the army of LORD I have now come. And Joshua fell on his face to the earth, and worshiped, and said to him, What does my lord say to his servant?
And he brought near the family of Judah, and he took the family of the Zerahites. And he brought near the family of the Zerahites man by man, and Zabdi was taken.
Saul chose for him three thousand men of Israel, of which two thousand were with Saul in Michmash, and on the mount of Bethel, and a thousand were with Jonathan in Gibeah of Benjamin, and the rest of the people he sent every man to
And when Saul saw David go forth against the Philistine, he said to Abner, the captain of the army, Abner, whose son is this youth? And Abner said, As thy soul lives, O king, I cannot tell.
And David took from him a thousand and seven hundred horsemen, and twenty thousand footmen. And David hocked all the chariot horses, but reserved of them for a hundred chariots.
These are the names of the mighty men whom David had: Josheb-basshebeth a Tahchemonite, chief of the captains, the same was Adino the Eznite, against eight hundred slain at one time. And after him was Eleazar the son of Dodai the son of an Ahohite, one of the three mighty men with David when they defied the Philistines who were there gathered together to battle, and the men of Israel were gone away. read more. He arose, and smote the Philistines until his hand was weary, and his hand clung to the sword. And LORD wrought a great victory that day, and the people returned after him only to take spoil. And after him was Shammah the son of Agee a Hararite. And the Philistines were gathered together into a troop where was a plot of ground full of lentils, and the people fled from the Philistines. But he stood in the midst of the plot, and defended it, and killed the Philistines. And LORD wrought a great victory. And three of the thirty chief men went down, and came to David in the harvest time to the cave of Adullam, and the troop of the Philistines was encamped in the valley of Rephaim. And David was then in the stronghold, and the garrison of the Philistines was then in Bethlehem. And David longed, and said, Oh that someone would give me water to drink from the well of Bethlehem, which is by the gate! And the three mighty men broke through the army of the Philistines, and drew water out of the well of Bethlehem that was by the gate, and took it, and brought it to David. But he would not drink of it, but poured it out to LORD. And he said, Be it far from me, O LORD, that I should do this, [to drink] the blood of the men who went in jeopardy of their lives? Therefore he would not drink it. These things the three mighty men did. And Abishai, the brother of Joab, the son of Zeruiah, was chief of the three. And he lifted up his spear against three hundred and killed them, and had a name among the three. Was he not most honorable of the three? Therefore he was made their captain. However he did not attain to the [first] three. And Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, the son of a valiant man of Kabzeel, who had done mighty deeds, he killed the two [sons of] Ariel of Moab. He also went down and killed a lion in the midst of a pit in time of snow. And he killed an Egyptian, a good-looking man. And the Egyptian had a spear in his hand, but he went down to him with a staff, and plucked the spear out of the Egyptian's hand, and killed him with his own spear. These things Benaiah the son of Jehoiada did, and had a name among the three mighty men. He was more honorable than the thirty, but he did not attain to the [first] three. And David set him over his guard. Asahel the brother of Joab was one of the thirty, [also] Elhanan the son of Dodo of Bethlehem, Shammah the Harodite, Elika the Harodite, Helez the Paltite, Ira the son of Ikkesh the Tekoite, Abiezer the Anathothite, Mebunnai the Hushathite, Zalmon the Ahohite, Maharai the Netophathite, Heleb the son of Baanah the Netophathite, Ittai the son of Ribai of Gibeah of the sons of Benjamin, Benaiah a Pirathonite, Hiddai of the brooks of Gaash. Abialbon the Arbathite, Azmaveth the Barhumite, Eliahba the Shaalbonite, the sons of Jashen, Jonathan, Shammah the Hararite, Ahiam the son of Sharar the Ararite, Eliphelet the son of Ahasbai, the son of the Maacathite, Eliam the son of Ahithophel the Gilonite, Hezro the Carmelite, Paarai the Arbite, Igal the son of Nathan of Zobah, Bani the Gadite, Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Beerothite, armorbearers to Joab the son of Zeruiah, Ira the Ithrite, Gareb the Ithrite, Uriah the Hittite: thirty-seven in all.
But of the sons of Israel Solomon made no bondservants, but they were the men of war, and his servants, and his rulers, and his captains, and rulers of his chariots and of his horsemen.
And Solomon gathered together chariots and horsemen. And he had a thousand and four hundred chariots, and twelve thousand horsemen, that he bestowed in the chariot cities, and with the king at Jerusalem.
And the horses which Solomon had were brought out of Egypt. And the king's merchants received them in herds, each herd at a price. And a chariot came up and went out of Egypt for six hundred [shekels] of silver, and a horse for a hundred and fifty. And so for all the kings of the Hittites, and for the kings of Syria, they brought them out by their means.
And Joab gave up the sum of the numbering of the people to David. And all those of Israel were a million and a hundred thousand men who drew a sword. And Judah was four hundred seventy thousand men who drew a sword.
Now the sons of Israel after their number, [namely], the heads of fathers and the captains of thousands and of hundreds, and their officers who served the king, in any matter of the divisions which came in and went out month by mon Jashobeam the son of Zabdiel was over the first division for the first month, and in his division were twenty-four thousand. read more. [He was] of the sons of Perez, the chief of all the captains of the army for the first month. And over the division of the second month was Dodai the Ahohite, and his division. And Mikloth [was] the ruler. And in his division were twenty-four thousand. The third captain of the army for the third month was Benaiah, the son of Jehoiada the priest, [being] chief. And in his division were twenty-four thousand. This is that Benaiah who was the mighty man of the thirty, and over the thirty. And [of] his division was Ammizabad his son. The fourth [captain] for the fourth month was Asahel the brother of Joab, and Zebadiah his son after him. And in his division were twenty-four thousand. The fifth captain for this fifth month was Shamhuth the Izrahite. And in his division were twenty-four thousand. The sixth [captain] for the sixth month was Ira the son of Ikkesh the Tekoite. And in his division were twenty-four thousand. The seventh [captain] for the seventh month was Helez the Pelonite, of the sons of Ephraim. And in his division were twenty-four thousand. The eighth [captain] for the eighth month was Sibbecai the Hushathite, of the Zerahites. And in his division were twenty-four thousand. The ninth [captain] for the ninth month was Abiezer the Anathothite, of the Benjamites. And in his division were twenty-four thousand. The tenth [captain] for the tenth month was Maharai the Netophathite, of the Zerahites. And in his division were twenty-four thousand. The eleventh [captain] for the eleventh month was Benaiah the Pirathonite, of the sons of Ephraim. And in his division were twenty-four thousand. The twelfth [captain] for the twelfth month was Heldai the Netophathite, of Othniel. And in his division were twenty-four thousand.
And this was the numbering of them according to their fathers' houses. Of Judah, the captains of thousands: Adnah the captain, and with him three hundred thousand mighty men of valor; and next to him Jehohanan the captain, and with him two hundred and eighty thousand; read more. and next to him Amasiah the son of Zichri, who willingly offered himself to LORD, and with him two hundred thousand mighty men of valor. And of Benjamin: Eliada a mighty man of valor, and with him two hundred thousand armed with bow and shield; and next to him Jehozabad, and with him a hundred and eighty thousand ready prepared for war. These were those who waited on the king, besides those whom the king put in the fortified cities throughout all Judah.
And having become a convenient day, when Herod on his birthday made a dinner for his chiefs, and the high captains, and the leading men of Galilee,
So the band, and the chief captain, and the subordinates of the Jews, arrested Jesus and bound him,
Now a certain man was in Caesarea, Cornelius by name, a centurion of the band called Italian,
Now a certain man was in Caesarea, Cornelius by name, a centurion of the band called Italian,
And they said, Cornelius, a centurion, a righteous man, and fearing God, and being well testified by the whole nation of the Jews, was divinely warned by a holy agent to summon thee to his house, and to hear sayings from thee.
whom, having also arrested, he put in prison, having delivered to four quaternions of soldiers to guard him, intending after the Passover to bring him forth to the people.
And while seeking to kill him, a report went up to the chief captain of the band, that all Jerusalem has been stirred up.
And while seeking to kill him, a report went up to the chief captain of the band, that all Jerusalem has been stirred up. And immediately after taking soldiers and centurions, he ran down to them. And they, when they saw the chief captain and the soldiers, stopped beating Paul. read more. And the chief captain having come near, he seized him, and commanded him to be bound with two chains. And he inquired whoever he may be, and what it is he has been doing. And some among the crowd shouted out one thing, some another. And not being able to know the certainty because of the uproar, he commanded him to be carried into the fort. And it came to pass when on the steps (it happened for him to be carried by the soldiers because of the violence of the crowd, for the mass of the people followed, crying out, Away with him), and as Paul was going to be brought into the fort, he says to the chief captain, Is it permitted for me to speak to thee? And he said, Thou know Greek?
For also if a trumpet gives an uncertain sound, who will prepare himself for battle?
so that ye may eat the flesh of kings, and the flesh of captains, and the flesh of mighty men, and the flesh of horses and of those who sit upon them, and the flesh of all men, both freemen and bondmen, and both small and great.
Smith
Army.
I. JEWISH ARMY.--Every man above 20 years of age was a soldier,
See Jewish
each tribe formed a regiment, with its own banner and its own leader
their positions in the camp or on the march were accurately fixed, Numb. 2; the whole army started and stopped at a given signal,
thus they came up out of Egypt ready for the fight.
On the approach of an enemy a conscription was made from the general body, under the direction of a muster-master,
De 20:5; 2Ki 25:19
by whom also the officers were appointed.
De 20:9
The army had then divided into thousands and hundreds under their respective captains,
and still further into families.
With the king arose the custom of maintaining a body-guard, which formed the nucleus of a standing army, and David's band of 600,
he retained after he became king, and added the CHERETHITES and PELETHITES.
See Cherethites
See Pelethites
David further organized a national militia, divided into twelve regiments under their respective officers, each of which was called out for one month in the year.
... It does not appear that the system established by David was maintained by the kings of Judah; but in Israel the proximity of the hostile kingdom of Syria necessitated the maintenance of a standing army. The maintenance and equipment of the soldiers at the public expense dated from the establishment of a standing army. It is doubtful whether the soldier ever received pay even under the kings. II. ROMAN ARMY.--The Roman army was divided into legions, the number of which varied considerably (from 3000 to 6000), each under six tribuni ("chief captains,")
See Roman empire
who commanded by turns. The legion was subdivided into ten cohorts ("band,")
the cohort into three maniples, and the maniple into two centuries, containing originally 100 men, as the name implies, but subsequently from 50 to 100 men, according to the strength of the legion. There were thus 60 centuries in a legion, each under the command of a centurion.
In addition to the legionary cohorts, independent cohorts of volunteers served under the Roman standards. One of these cohorts was named the Italian,
as consisting of volunteers from Italy. The headquarters of the Roman forces in Judea were at Caesarea.
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But God led the people about, by the way of the wilderness by the Red Sea. And the sons of Israel went up armed out of the land of Egypt.
from twenty years old and upward, all who are able to go forth to war in Israel. Thou and Aaron shall number them by their armies.
The sons of Israel shall encamp every man by his own standard, with the ensigns of their fathers' houses. They shall encamp round about opposite the tent of meeting.
Thus did the sons of Israel. According to all that LORD commanded Moses, so they encamped by their standards, and so they set forward, everyone by their families, according to their fathers' houses.
And when ye blow an alarm, the camps that lie on the east side shall take their journey. And when ye blow an alarm the second time, the camps that lie on the south side shall take their journey. They shall blow an alarm for their journeys.
And in the first [place] the standard of the camp of the sons of Judah set forward according to their armies, and over his army was Nahshon the son of Amminadab.
And Moses was angry with the officers of the army, the captains of thousands and the captains of hundreds, who came from the service of the war.
And the officers shall speak to the people, saying, What man is there who has built a new house, and has not dedicated it? Let him go and return to his house, lest he die in the battle, and another man dedicate it.
And it shall be, when the officers have made an end of speaking to the people, that they shall appoint captains of armies at the head of the people.
Then David and his men, who were about six hundred, arose and departed out of Keilah, and went wherever they could go. And it was told Saul that David was escaped from Keilah, and he ceased to go forth.
And David said to his men, Gird ye on every man his sword. And they girded on every man his sword, and David also girded on his sword. And there went up after David about four hundred men, and two hundred abode by the baggage.
And all his servants passed on beside him; and all the Cherethites, and all the Pelethites, and all the Gittites, six hundred men who came after him from Gath, passed on before the king.
And there went out after him Joab's men, and the Cherethites and the Pelethites, and all the mighty men. And they went out of Jerusalem, to pursue after Sheba the son of Bichri.
Now the sons of Israel after their number, [namely], the heads of fathers and the captains of thousands and of hundreds, and their officers who served the king, in any matter of the divisions which came in and went out month by mon
And upon his entering into Capernaum, a centurion came to him, beseeching him,
Now the centurion, and those with him watching over Jesus, when they saw the earthquake, and the things that happened, they feared greatly, saying, Truly this was the Son of God.
Now a certain man was in Caesarea, Cornelius by name, a centurion of the band called Italian,
Now a certain man was in Caesarea, Cornelius by name, a centurion of the band called Italian,
Now a certain man was in Caesarea, Cornelius by name, a centurion of the band called Italian,
And they said, Cornelius, a centurion, a righteous man, and fearing God, and being well testified by the whole nation of the Jews, was divinely warned by a holy agent to summon thee to his house, and to hear sayings from thee.
And while seeking to kill him, a report went up to the chief captain of the band, that all Jerusalem has been stirred up.