Reference: Brother
American
Signifies in Scripture the son of the same parent or parents, Mt 1:2; Lu 6:14; a cousin or near kinsman, Ge 13:8; 14:16; Joh 7:3; Ac 1:14; one of the same stock or country, Mt 5:47; Ac 3:22; Heb 7:5; a fellow-man, and equal, Mt 5:23; 7:3; one beloved, 2Sa 1:26; Christians, as sons of God, Ac 9:30; 11:29. In Mt 12:46-50; 13:55-56; Mr 3:31-35, the brothers of Christ are so mentioned, in connection with his mother and sisters, as almost to require us to believe they were children of Joseph and Mary, younger than Jesus. Yet this is not quite certain, as it may be that the James, Joses, and Judas in Mt 13:55, are the nephews of Christ alluded to in Mt 27:56; Lu 6:15-16; Joh 19:25; Cleophas and Alphaeus being probably the same.
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So then Abram said unto Lot Pray let not cause of strife arise betwixt me and thee, or betwixt my herdmen and thy herdmen; for brethren, are we.
So he brought back all the goods, - yea Lot also his brother with his goods, did he bring back, and the women also, and the people.
I am distressed for thee, my brother, Jonathan! Delightful to me, exceedingly, - Wonderful, was thy love to me, passing the love of women.
If, therefore, thou be bearing thy gift towards the altar, and, there, shouldst remember that, thy brother, hath aught against thee,
And, if ye salute your brethren only, what, more than common, are ye doing? are not, even the nations, the same thing, doing?
Why, moreover, beholdest thou the mote, in the eye of thy brother, - while, the beam in thine own eye, thou dost not consider?
While yet he was speaking unto the multitudes, lo! his mother and brethren, were standing without, seeking to speak with him. And one said to him, Lo! thy mother and thy brethren, without, are standing, seeking, to speak, with thee. read more. But, he, answering, said unto him that was telling him, Who is my mother? and who are my brethren? And, stretching forth his hand towards his disciples, he said, Lo! my mother and my brethren! For, whosoever shall do the will of my Father who is in the heavens, he, is my, brother, and sister, and mother.
Is not, this one, the carpenter's, son? Is not, his mother, called Mary, and are not his brethren - James and Joseph, and Simon, and Judas?
Is not, this one, the carpenter's, son? Is not, his mother, called Mary, and are not his brethren - James and Joseph, and Simon, and Judas? and, his sisters, are they not all with us? Whence, then hath, this one, all these things?
among whom was Mary the Magdalene, also Mary the mother of James and Joseph, and the mother of the sons of Zebedee.
And there come his mother and his brethren, and, standing, outside, they sent unto him, calling him. And there was sitting around him a multitude, and they say unto him - Lo! thy mother and thy brethren, outside, are seeking thee! read more. And, answering them, he saith - Who are my mother and my brethren? And, looking around on them who, about him, in a circle, were sitting, he saith, See! my mother and my brethren! Whosoever shall do the will of God, the same, is my brother and sister and mother.
Simon, whom also he named Peter, and Andrew hie brother; and James and John; and Philip and Bartholomew; and Matthew and Thomas; and James, son of Alphaeus, and Simon, who was called Zealot; and Judas, son of James, read more. and Judas Iscariot, who became betrayer; -
His brethren, therefore, said unto him - Remove hence, and withdraw into Judaea, that, thy disciples also, may view thy works which thou art doing.
And there were standing by the cross of Jesus, his mother, and his mother's sister, Mary the wife of Clopas, and Mary the Magdalene.
These all were giving constant attention with one accord unto the prayer, with certainwomen, and Mary the mother of Jesus, and with his brethren.
Moses, indeed, said - A prophet, unto you, shall the Lord God raise up among your brethren, like unto me: unto him, shall ye hearken respecting all things whatsoever he shall speak unto you.
And the brethren, discovering it, brought him down into Caesarea, and sent him away unto Tarsus.
And, according as any one of the disciples was being prospered, they each one of them set apart something for ministering, to send unto the brethren, who dwelt in Jerusalem; -
And, they, indeed, from among the sons of Levi who the priesthood receive, have commandment to take tithes of the people, according to the law, that is, of their brethren, although sprung from the loins of Abraham;
Easton
(1.) In the natural and common sense (Mt 1:2; Lu 3:1,19).
(2.) A near relation, a cousin (Ge 13:8; 14:16; Mt 12:46; Joh 7:3; Ac 1:14; Ga 1:19).
(3.) Simply a fellow-countryman (Mt 5:47; Ac 3:22; Heb 7:5).
(4.) A disciple or follower (Mt 25:40; Heb 2:11-12).
(5.) One of the same faith (Am 1:9; Ac 9:30; 11:29; 1Co 5:11); whence the early disciples of our Lord were known to each other as brethren.
(6.) A colleague in office (Ezr 3:2; 1Co 1:1; 2Co 1:1).
(7.) A fellow-man (Ge 9:5; 19:7; Mt 5:22-23,24; 7:5; Heb 2:17).
(8.) One beloved or closely united with another in affection (2Sa 1:26; Ac 6:3; 1Th 5:1). Brethren of Jesus (Mt 1:25; 12:46,50; Mr 3:31-32; Ga 1:19; 1Co 9:5, etc.) were probably the younger children of Joseph and Mary. Some have supposed that they may have been the children of Joseph by a former marriage, and others that they were the children of Mary, the Virgin's sister, and wife of Cleophas. The first interpretation, however, is the most natural.
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And surely your blood, of your lives, will I require, From the hand of every living creature, will I require it, - and from the hand of man From the hand of each ones brother, will I require the life of man:
So then Abram said unto Lot Pray let not cause of strife arise betwixt me and thee, or betwixt my herdmen and thy herdmen; for brethren, are we.
So he brought back all the goods, - yea Lot also his brother with his goods, did he bring back, and the women also, and the people.
I am distressed for thee, my brother, Jonathan! Delightful to me, exceedingly, - Wonderful, was thy love to me, passing the love of women.
Then arose - Jeshua son of Jozadak and his brethren the priests, and Zerubbabel son of Shealtiel and his brethren, and built the altar of the God of Israel, - to offer thereon ascending-sacrifices, as it was written in the law of Moses, the man of God.
Thus, saith Yahweh, Because of three transgressions of Tyre, and because of four, will I not turn it back, - Because of their delivering up the whole body of exiles to Edom, and they remembered not the brotherly covenant,
and knew her not, until she had brought forth a son, - and he called his name Jesus.
But, I, say unto you, that, every one who is angry with his brother, shall be, liable, to judgment, - and, whosoever shall say to his brother, Worthless one!, shall be, liable, to the high council; and, whosoever shall say, Rebel!, shall be, liable, unto the fiery gehenna. If, therefore, thou be bearing thy gift towards the altar, and, there, shouldst remember that, thy brother, hath aught against thee, read more. leave, there, thy gift before the altar, and withdraw, - first, be reconciled unto thy brother, and, then, coming, be offering thy gift.
And, if ye salute your brethren only, what, more than common, are ye doing? are not, even the nations, the same thing, doing?
Hypocrite! cast first, out of thine own eye, the beam, - and, then, shalt thou see clearly to cast the mote, out of the eye of thy brother.
While yet he was speaking unto the multitudes, lo! his mother and brethren, were standing without, seeking to speak with him.
While yet he was speaking unto the multitudes, lo! his mother and brethren, were standing without, seeking to speak with him.
For, whosoever shall do the will of my Father who is in the heavens, he, is my, brother, and sister, and mother.
And, answering, the king will say unto them: Verily, I say unto you - Inasmuch as ye did it unto one of these my least brethren, unto me, ye did it.
And there come his mother and his brethren, and, standing, outside, they sent unto him, calling him. And there was sitting around him a multitude, and they say unto him - Lo! thy mother and thy brethren, outside, are seeking thee!
Now, in the fifteenth year of the supremacy of Tiberius Caesar, - Pontius Pilate being governor of Judaea, and Herod being tetrarch of Galilee, and, Philip his brother, tetrarch of Ituraea and the country of Trachonitis, and Lysanius, tetrarch of Abylene, -
But, Herod the tetrarch, being reproved by him concerning Herodias, the wife of his brother, and concerning all the wicked things Herod had done,
His brethren, therefore, said unto him - Remove hence, and withdraw into Judaea, that, thy disciples also, may view thy works which thou art doing.
These all were giving constant attention with one accord unto the prayer, with certainwomen, and Mary the mother of Jesus, and with his brethren.
Moses, indeed, said - A prophet, unto you, shall the Lord God raise up among your brethren, like unto me: unto him, shall ye hearken respecting all things whatsoever he shall speak unto you.
But look out for yourselves, brethren, seven men from among you, who can be well-attested, full of Spirit and wisdom, - whom we will appoint over this need;
And the brethren, discovering it, brought him down into Caesarea, and sent him away unto Tarsus.
And, according as any one of the disciples was being prospered, they each one of them set apart something for ministering, to send unto the brethren, who dwelt in Jerusalem; -
But, other of the apostles, saw I none, save James the brother of the Lord: -
But, other of the apostles, saw I none, save James the brother of the Lord: -
Paul, an apostle of Christ Jesus through the will of God, and Timothy my brother, -
Paul, an apostle of Christ Jesus through the will of God, and Timothy my brother, -
For, both he that maketh holy, and they who are being made holy, are, all, of One; For which cause, he is not ashamed to be calling them, brethren, saying - I will declare thy name unto my brethren, in the midst of an assembly, will I sing praise unto thee;
Whence he was obliged, in every way, unto the brethren, to be made like, that he might become a merciful and faithful high-priest, in the things pertaining unto God, - for the making of propitiation for the sins of the people.
And, they, indeed, from among the sons of Levi who the priesthood receive, have commandment to take tithes of the people, according to the law, that is, of their brethren, although sprung from the loins of Abraham;
Fausets
Includes, besides sons of the same parents, cousins and near relatives, as a nephew (Ge 13:8; 14:16; De 25:5-6 margin). One of the same tribe (2Sa 19:12). Of the same or a kindred people (Ex 2:11; Nu 20:14). A friend (Job 6:15). A fellow man (Le 19:17). "A brother to (i.e. a fellow on a level with) the dragons" or "jackals" (Job 30:29). As the outer pagan world knew believers by the name "Christian," so they know one another by the name "brethren" (Ac 11:26; 26:28; 1Pe 4:16; compare Mt 25:40; Ac 11:29). The Jews distinguished a "brother" as an Israelite by birth, and a "neighbor" a proselyte, and allowed neither title to the Gentiles. But Christ applied "brother" to all Christians, and "neighbor" to all the world (1Co 5:11; Lu 10:29-30). The arguments for the "brethren" of Jesus (James, Joses, Simon, and Judas) mentioned in Mt 13:56 being literally His brothers, born of Joseph and Mary, are:
(1) their names are always connected with Mary, "His brethren" is the phrase found nine times in the Gospels, once in Acts (Ac 1:14);
(2) nothing is said to imply that the phrase is not to be taken literally. But:
(1) "My brethren" is found in the wide sense (Mt 28:10; Joh 20:17).
(2) If Joseph had been their father, they would have been some one time at least designated in the usual mode "sons of Joseph." The statement that. His "brethren did not believe in Him" (Joh 7:5) may refer to His near relations generally, excepting the two apostles James (who is expressly called "the Lord's brother," Ga 1:19) and Jude (Jg 1:1). In Ac 1:14 His "brethren," as distinct from the apostles, may refer to Simon and Joses and other near relatives. It is not likely there would be two pairs of brothers named alike, of such eminence; James and Jude. His brethren are, most probably, the writers of the epistles.
(3) It is expressly stated that Mary, wife of Cleophas and sister of the Virgin Mary (Joh 19:25), had sons, of whom James and Joses are named (Mt 27:56; Mr 15:40). How unlikely that two mothers of the same name, Mary the Virgin and her sister, should have sons also bearing the same names.
(4) If the Virgin had had sons of her own, Jesus would not have given her in charge to John (Joh 19:26), who was not a relative.
(5) It is a fitting thing that in Jesus the line of David should have its final consummation. The naming of Jesus' brethren with His virgin mother so often may be because Jesus and she took up their abode at the home of Mary, the Virgin's sister, after Joseph's death; for that he soon died appears from his name being never mentioned after Luke 2. Hence the cousins would grow up as brothers. The very difficulty implies the absence of collusion or mythical origin in the gospel narrative.
Firstborn son (Mt 1:25) does not imply that any sons were born of the Virgin afterwards, but that none were born before Him. Ex 13:2 defines "the firstborn" "whatsoever openeth the womb": whether other children followed or not. "Knew her not until" does not necessarily imply he even then knew her; compare Ge 28:15, "I will not leave thee until I have done," not meaning He would leave Jacob even then. The main truth asserted is the virginity of Mary up to Jesus' birth. What was afterward is not dearly revealed, being of less consequence to us.
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So then Abram said unto Lot Pray let not cause of strife arise betwixt me and thee, or betwixt my herdmen and thy herdmen; for brethren, are we.
So then Abram said unto Lot Pray let not cause of strife arise betwixt me and thee, or betwixt my herdmen and thy herdmen; for brethren, are we.
So he brought back all the goods, - yea Lot also his brother with his goods, did he bring back, and the women also, and the people.
So he brought back all the goods, - yea Lot also his brother with his goods, did he bring back, and the women also, and the people.
Lo! then, I, am with thee, so will I keep thee in every place whithersoever thou mayest go, and will bring thee back unto this soil, - For I will not forsake thee until I have done that of which I have spoken to thee.
Lo! then, I, am with thee, so will I keep thee in every place whithersoever thou mayest go, and will bring thee back unto this soil, - For I will not forsake thee until I have done that of which I have spoken to thee.
And it came to pass in those days when Moses grew up, that he went out unto his brethren, and looked on their burdens, - and saw, an Egyptian smiting a Hebrew - of his brethren,
And it came to pass in those days when Moses grew up, that he went out unto his brethren, and looked on their burdens, - and saw, an Egyptian smiting a Hebrew - of his brethren,
Hallow to me every firstborn, that which any female first beareth among the sons of Israel, among men and among beasts, - mine! it is.
Hallow to me every firstborn, that which any female first beareth among the sons of Israel, among men and among beasts, - mine! it is.
Thou shalt not hate thy brother in thy heart, - Thou shalt, faithfully reprove, thy neighbour, and not countenance him in sin:
Thou shalt not hate thy brother in thy heart, - Thou shalt, faithfully reprove, thy neighbour, and not countenance him in sin:
And Moses sent messengers from Kadesh, unto the king of Edom, - Thus, saith thy brother Israel, Thou thyself, knowest all the distress which befell us;
And Moses sent messengers from Kadesh, unto the king of Edom, - Thus, saith thy brother Israel, Thou thyself, knowest all the distress which befell us;
When brethren dwell together, and one of them dieth, having, no son, the wife of the dead shall not marry outside to a stranger, - her husband's brother, shall go in unto her, and take her unto him to wife and do for her as a husband's brother.
When brethren dwell together, and one of them dieth, having, no son, the wife of the dead shall not marry outside to a stranger, - her husband's brother, shall go in unto her, and take her unto him to wife and do for her as a husband's brother. And it shall be, that, the firstborn which she beareth, shall succeed in the name of his brother who is dead, - so shall his name not be wiped out from Israel.
And it shall be, that, the firstborn which she beareth, shall succeed in the name of his brother who is dead, - so shall his name not be wiped out from Israel.
And it came to pass, after the death of Jeshua, that the sons of Israel asked of Yahweh, saying, - Who shall go up for us against the Canaanites, first, to make war upon them?
And it came to pass, after the death of Jeshua, that the sons of Israel asked of Yahweh, saying, - Who shall go up for us against the Canaanites, first, to make war upon them?
Mine own brethren, are ye, my bone and my flesh, are ye, - wherefore then should ye be behindhand in bringing back the king?
Mine own brethren, are ye, my bone and my flesh, are ye, - wherefore then should ye be behindhand in bringing back the king?
Mine own brethren, have proved treacherous like a torrent, like a channel of torrents which disappear:
Mine own brethren, have proved treacherous like a torrent, like a channel of torrents which disappear:
A brother, became I to the brutes that howl, and a companion to the birds that screech:
A brother, became I to the brutes that howl, and a companion to the birds that screech:
and knew her not, until she had brought forth a son, - and he called his name Jesus.
and knew her not, until she had brought forth a son, - and he called his name Jesus.
and, his sisters, are they not all with us? Whence, then hath, this one, all these things?
and, his sisters, are they not all with us? Whence, then hath, this one, all these things?
And, answering, the king will say unto them: Verily, I say unto you - Inasmuch as ye did it unto one of these my least brethren, unto me, ye did it.
And, answering, the king will say unto them: Verily, I say unto you - Inasmuch as ye did it unto one of these my least brethren, unto me, ye did it.
among whom was Mary the Magdalene, also Mary the mother of James and Joseph, and the mother of the sons of Zebedee.
among whom was Mary the Magdalene, also Mary the mother of James and Joseph, and the mother of the sons of Zebedee.
Then, Jesus saith unto them - Be not afraid! Go your way, bear tidings unto my brethren, that they may depart into Galilee; and, there, shall they themselves see me.
Then, Jesus saith unto them - Be not afraid! Go your way, bear tidings unto my brethren, that they may depart into Galilee; and, there, shall they themselves see me.
And there were, women also, from afar, looking on, - among whom were both Mary the Magdalene, and Mary the mother of James the Little and Joses, and Salome;
And there were, women also, from afar, looking on, - among whom were both Mary the Magdalene, and Mary the mother of James the Little and Joses, and Salome;
But, he, wishing to justify himself, said unto Jesus - And, who is, my, neighbour?
But, he, wishing to justify himself, said unto Jesus - And, who is, my, neighbour? And taking up the question , Jesus said - A certain man, was going down from Jerusalem unto Jericho, and, with robbers, fell in, - who, stripping him, and inflicting, wounds, upon him, departed, leaving him, half dead.
And taking up the question , Jesus said - A certain man, was going down from Jerusalem unto Jericho, and, with robbers, fell in, - who, stripping him, and inflicting, wounds, upon him, departed, leaving him, half dead.
For, not even his brethren, were believing on him.
For, not even his brethren, were believing on him.
And there were standing by the cross of Jesus, his mother, and his mother's sister, Mary the wife of Clopas, and Mary the Magdalene.
And there were standing by the cross of Jesus, his mother, and his mother's sister, Mary the wife of Clopas, and Mary the Magdalene. Jesus, therefore, seeing his mother and the disciple whom he loved, saith unto his mother - O woman, see! thy son!
Jesus, therefore, seeing his mother and the disciple whom he loved, saith unto his mother - O woman, see! thy son!
Jesus saith unto her - Be not detaining me, for, not yet, have I ascended unto the Father; but be going unto my disciples, and say unto them - I am ascending unto my Father and your Father, and my God and your God.
Jesus saith unto her - Be not detaining me, for, not yet, have I ascended unto the Father; but be going unto my disciples, and say unto them - I am ascending unto my Father and your Father, and my God and your God.
These all were giving constant attention with one accord unto the prayer, with certainwomen, and Mary the mother of Jesus, and with his brethren.
These all were giving constant attention with one accord unto the prayer, with certainwomen, and Mary the mother of Jesus, and with his brethren.
These all were giving constant attention with one accord unto the prayer, with certainwomen, and Mary the mother of Jesus, and with his brethren.
These all were giving constant attention with one accord unto the prayer, with certainwomen, and Mary the mother of Jesus, and with his brethren.
And, finding him, he brought him unto Antioch. And so it was with them, that, for a whole year, they were brought together in the assembly, and taught a considerable multitude; also that the disciples, first in Antioch, were called, Christians.
And, finding him, he brought him unto Antioch. And so it was with them, that, for a whole year, they were brought together in the assembly, and taught a considerable multitude; also that the disciples, first in Antioch, were called, Christians.
And, according as any one of the disciples was being prospered, they each one of them set apart something for ministering, to send unto the brethren, who dwelt in Jerusalem; -
And, according as any one of the disciples was being prospered, they each one of them set apart something for ministering, to send unto the brethren, who dwelt in Jerusalem; -
And, Agrippa, said unto Paul - Almost, art thou persuading, me, to become a, Christian!
And, Agrippa, said unto Paul - Almost, art thou persuading, me, to become a, Christian!
But, now, I have written unto you not to be mixing yourselves up, - if anyone named a brother, be a fornicator, or covetous, or an idolater, or a reviler, or a drunkard, or an extortioner, with such a one as this, not so much, as to be eating together,
But, now, I have written unto you not to be mixing yourselves up, - if anyone named a brother, be a fornicator, or covetous, or an idolater, or a reviler, or a drunkard, or an extortioner, with such a one as this, not so much, as to be eating together,
But, other of the apostles, saw I none, save James the brother of the Lord: -
But, other of the apostles, saw I none, save James the brother of the Lord: -
Hastings
Morish
Besides the ordinary use of the word in its literal sense, it is applied to cousins and nephews, Ge 14:14; Le 10:4; and to kinsmen generally. Ex 2:11; 2Ki 10:13; 2Ch 22:8. Also employed where there is a moral likeness. Job 30:29; Pr 18:9. See BRETHREN.
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So Abram, hearing that his brother had been taken captive, drew forth his trained men born in his house three hundred and eighteen, and pursued as far as Dan.
And it came to pass in those days when Moses grew up, that he went out unto his brethren, and looked on their burdens, - and saw, an Egyptian smiting a Hebrew - of his brethren,
Then called Moses unto Mishael, and unto Elzaphan, sons of Uzziel, uncle of Aaron, - and said unto them - Draw near bear away your brethren from before the sanctuary, unto the outside of the camp.
A brother, became I to the brutes that howl, and a companion to the birds that screech:
Surely he that is slothful in his work, brother, is he to a master at laying waste.
Smith
Brother.
The Hebrew word is used in various senses in the Old Testament, as,
1. Any kinsman, and not a mere brother; e.g. nephew,
husband,
2. One of the same tribe.
3. Of the same people,
or even of a cognate people.
4. An ally.
5. Any friend,
6. One of the same office.
7. A fellow man.
8. Metaphorically of any similarity, as in
The word adelphos has a similar range of meanings in the New Testament.
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So then Abram said unto Lot Pray let not cause of strife arise betwixt me and thee, or betwixt my herdmen and thy herdmen; for brethren, are we.
So he brought back all the goods, - yea Lot also his brother with his goods, did he bring back, and the women also, and the people.
And it came to pass in those days when Moses grew up, that he went out unto his brethren, and looked on their burdens, - and saw, an Egyptian smiting a Hebrew - of his brethren,
Thou shalt not hate thy brother in thy heart, - Thou shalt, faithfully reprove, thy neighbour, and not countenance him in sin:
And Moses sent messengers from Kadesh, unto the king of Edom, - Thus, saith thy brother Israel, Thou thyself, knowest all the distress which befell us;
And, unto Amasa, shall ye say, Art not, thou, my bone and my flesh? So, let God do to me, and, so, let him add, if thou become not, prince of the army, before me continually, instead of Joab.
So he said - What cities are these which thou hast given me, my brother? And he called them, Unfruitful Land, as they are called unto this day.
But he saveth from the sword, out of their mouth, and, out of the hand of the strong, the needy.
He hath cast me into the mire, and I have become like dust and ashes.
Watsons
BROTHER. 1. A brother by the same mother, a uterine brother, Mt 4:21; 20:2. A brother, though not by the same mother, Mt 2:3. A near kinsman, a cousin, Mt 13:55; Mr 6:3. Observe, that in Mt 13:55, James, and Joses, and Judas, are called the ???????, brethren, of Christ, but were most probably only his cousins by his mother's side; for James and Joses were the sons of Mary, Mt 27:56; and James and Judas, the sons of Alpheus, Lu 6:15-16; which Alpheus is therefore probably the same with Cleopas, the husband of Mary, sister to our Lord's mother, Joh 19:25.
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But, when King Herod heard, he was troubled, and all Jerusalem with him;
And, going forward from thence, he saw other two brethren - James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother - in the boat with Zebedee their father, putting in order their nets, - and he called them.
Is not, this one, the carpenter's, son? Is not, his mother, called Mary, and are not his brethren - James and Joseph, and Simon, and Judas?
Is not, this one, the carpenter's, son? Is not, his mother, called Mary, and are not his brethren - James and Joseph, and Simon, and Judas?
and, when he had agreed with the labourers for a denary the day, he sent them into his vineyard.
among whom was Mary the Magdalene, also Mary the mother of James and Joseph, and the mother of the sons of Zebedee.
Is not, this, the carpenter? the son of Mary, the brother of James and Joses and Judas and Simon? And are not his sisters here with us? - and they were finding cause of stumbling in him.
and Matthew and Thomas; and James, son of Alphaeus, and Simon, who was called Zealot; and Judas, son of James, and Judas Iscariot, who became betrayer; -
And there were standing by the cross of Jesus, his mother, and his mother's sister, Mary the wife of Clopas, and Mary the Magdalene.