Reference: Lord
American
This name belongs to God by preeminence; and in this sense ought never to be given to any creature. Jesus Christ, as the Messiah, the Son of God, and equal with the Father, is often called Lord in Scripture, especially in the writing of Paul. The word LORD, in the English Bible, when printed in small capitals, stands always for JEHOVAH in the Hebrew. See JEHOVAH.
Easton
There are various Hebrew and Greek words so rendered.
(1.) Heb Jehovah, has been rendered in the English Bible LORD, printed in small capitals. This is the proper name of the God of the Hebrews. The form "Jehovah" is retained only in Ex 6:3; Ps 83:18; Isa 12:2; 26:4, both in the Authorized and the Revised Version.
(2.) Heb 'adon, means one possessed of absolute control. It denotes a master, as of slaves (Ge 24:14,27), or a ruler of his subjects (Ge 45:8), or a husband, as lord of his wife (Ge 18:12).
The old plural form of this Hebrew word is 'adonai. From a superstitious reverence for the name "Jehovah," the Jews, in reading their Scriptures, whenever that name occurred, always pronounced it 'Adonai.
(3.) Greek kurios, a supreme master, etc. In the LXX. this is invariably used for "Jehovah" and "'Adonai."
(4.) Heb ba'al, a master, as having domination. This word is applied to human relations, as that of husband, to persons skilled in some art or profession, and to heathen deities. "The men of Shechem," literally "the baals of Shechem" (Jg 9:2-3). These were the Israelite inhabitants who had reduced the Canaanites to a condition of vassalage (Jos 16:10; 17:13).
(5.) Heb seren, applied exclusively to the "lords of the Philistines" (Jg 3:3). The LXX. render it by satrapies. At this period the Philistines were not, as at a later period (1Sa 21:10), under a kingly government. (See Jos 13:3; 1Sa 6:18.) There were five such lordships, viz., Gath, Ashdod, Gaza, Ashkelon, and Ekron.
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Therefore Sarah laughed within herself, saying, After I am waxed old shall I have pleasure, my lord being old also?
And let it come to pass, that the damsel to whom I shall say, Let down thy pitcher, I pray thee, that I may drink; and she shall say, Drink, and I will give thy camels drink also: let the same be she that thou hast appointed for thy servant Isaac; and thereby shall I know that thou hast shewed kindness unto my master.
And he said, Blessed be the LORD God of my master Abraham, who hath not left destitute my master of his mercy and his truth: I being in the way, the LORD led me to the house of my master's brethren.
So now it was not you that sent me hither, but God: and he hath made me a father to Pharaoh, and lord of all his house, and a ruler throughout all the land of Egypt.
And I appeared unto Abraham, unto Isaac, and unto Jacob, by the name of God Almighty, but by my name JEHOVAH was I not known to them.
From Sihor, which is before Egypt, even unto the borders of Ekron northward, which is counted to the Canaanite: five lords of the Philistines; the Gazathites, and the Ashdothites, the Eshkalonites, the Gittites, and the Ekronites; also the Avites:
And they drave not out the Canaanites that dwelt in Gezer: but the Canaanites dwell among the Ephraimites unto this day, and serve under tribute.
Yet it came to pass, when the children of Israel were waxen strong, that they put the Canaanites to tribute; but did not utterly drive them out.
Namely, five lords of the Philistines, and all the Canaanites, and the Sidonians, and the Hivites that dwelt in mount Lebanon, from mount Baalhermon unto the entering in of Hamath.
Speak, I pray you, in the ears of all the men of Shechem, Whether is better for you, either that all the sons of Jerubbaal, which are threescore and ten persons, reign over you, or that one reign over you? remember also that I am your bone and your flesh. And his mother's brethren spake of him in the ears of all the men of Shechem all these words: and their hearts inclined to follow Abimelech; for they said, He is our brother.
And David arose, and fled that day for fear of Saul, and went to Achish the king of Gath.
That men may know that thou, whose name alone is JEHOVAH, art the most high over all the earth.
Behold, God is my salvation; I will trust, and not be afraid: for the LORD JEHOVAH is my strength and my song; he also is become my salvation.
Trust ye in the LORD for ever: for in the LORD JEHOVAH is everlasting strength:
Fausets
(See JEHOVAH.) In small letters and with initial capital "Lord" represents Adonai in KJV of Old Testament. In capitals "LORD" represents Jehovah, except Ex 23:17. The "LORD God", Adonai Jehovah, where it ought to be "the Lord Jehovah," and Ex 34:23. "GOD" in capitals also represents Jehovah ('/Genesis/15/2/type/kjv'>Ge 15:2, 'Adonay Yahweh). "God" in small letters, with initial capital, represents 'Elohiym. (See GOD.)
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And Abram said, Lord GOD, what wilt thou give me, seeing I go childless, and the steward of my house is this Eliezer of Damascus?
Hastings
The Heb. OT has three leading names for God: (1) 'the name of four letters' (lelragrammaton) JHWH (familiar to us in the incorrect form 'Jehovah'; the real vocalization is almost certainly 'Jahweh' [see God, p. 299]); (2) Adonai; (3) Elohim. By a misinterpretation of Le 24:15 the Jews shrank from uttering the first of these, and added to its four consonants, in their reading of the OT, the vowels of either Adonai or Elohim. When the vowels of the former were added, the AV and RV generally translate the word by 'Lord'; when those of the latter, by 'God'; using small capitals in each case. If, however, Adonai is originally in the text, they represent it by 'Lord,' using an initial capital only. Thus in the OT 'Lord 'represents Jahweh when it was read as Adonai; and 'Lord' represents Adonai when it stands in the original text. This distinctive printing is not observed in the NT. There are several other Hebrew words in the OT expressing the general Idea of lordship, which are rendered by 'lord' (Ge 45:8; Jos 13:3; Ezr 8:25 etc.).
In the NT 'Lord' is used once as tr of Rabboni (Mr 10:51), and five times of despot
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So now it was not you that sent me hither, but God: and he hath made me a father to Pharaoh, and lord of all his house, and a ruler throughout all the land of Egypt.
And thou shalt speak unto the children of Israel, saying, Whosoever curseth his God shall bear his sin.
From Sihor, which is before Egypt, even unto the borders of Ekron northward, which is counted to the Canaanite: five lords of the Philistines; the Gazathites, and the Ashdothites, the Eshkalonites, the Gittites, and the Ekronites; also the Avites:
And weighed unto them the silver, and the gold, and the vessels, even the offering of the house of our God, which the king, and his counsellers, and his lords, and all Israel there present, had offered:
But while he thought on these things, behold, the angel of the Lord appeared unto him in a dream, saying, Joseph, thou son of David, fear not to take unto thee Mary thy wife: for that which is conceived in her is of the Holy Ghost.
But forasmuch as he had not to pay, his lord commanded him to be sold, and his wife, and children, and all that he had, and payment to be made.
And Jesus answered and said unto him, What wilt thou that I should do unto thee? The blind man said unto him, Lord, that I might receive my sight.
Lord, now lettest thou thy servant depart in peace, according to thy word:
And the lord commended the unjust steward, because he had done wisely: for the children of this world are in their generation wiser than the children of light.
And Thomas answered and said unto him, My Lord and my God.
And when they heard that, they lifted up their voice to God with one accord, and said, Lord, thou art God, which hast made heaven, and earth, and the sea, and all that in them is:
But the angel of the Lord by night opened the prison doors, and brought them forth, and said,
That if thou shalt confess with thy mouth the Lord Jesus, and shalt believe in thine heart that God hath raised him from the dead, thou shalt be saved.
Wherefore I give you to understand, that no man speaking by the Spirit of God calleth Jesus accursed: and that no man can say that Jesus is the Lord, but by the Holy Ghost.
For there are certain men crept in unawares, who were before of old ordained to this condemnation, ungodly men, turning the grace of our God into lasciviousness, and denying the only Lord God, and our Lord Jesus Christ.
And they cried with a loud voice, saying, How long, O Lord, holy and true, dost thou not judge and avenge our blood on them that dwell on the earth?
And he hath on his vesture and on his thigh a name written, KING OF KINGS, AND LORD OF LORDS.
Morish
1. adon, ??????. These words are commonly translated 'lord.' They are used as a term of respect as between man and man, as seen in the children of Heth to Abraham. Ge 23:6; between servants and masters, and once by a wife to her husband. Ge 18:12; Lu 16:3,5; 1Pe 3:6. The title 'Lord' is applied to God ( Ps 90:1, Adonai), and in the N.T. to the Lord Jesus, not only as a term of respect, but as owning His constituted lordship. Ac 2:36; Php 2:11 He is emphatically the Lord as eclipsing every other for the Christian, who delights to appropriate Him as 'My Lord.' Lu 1:43; Joh 20:13; Php 3:8. To believers collectively He is 'Our Lord Jesus Christ.'
There is also in this title the idea of administration which it is of great consequence to observe. As Man the Lord Jesus is mediator between God and men, and receives blessings for men which are administered through Him as Lord. "To us there is . . . . one Lord, Jesus Christ, through whom are all things, and we through him." 1Co 8:6. See Ro 5:1-2,11,17,21 and other scriptures.
The same Greek word is often used in the LXX for the Hebrew name Jehovah, and is transferred to the N.T. without the article. It stands as a proper name in the sense of Jehovah, as in Mt 1:20,22,24, etc., though the English requires it to be translated 'the Lord.' See GOD.
2. ????????, signifying 'owner, master,' as a man who owns slaves. It is applied to God and to the Lord Jesus, Lu 2:29; Ac 4:24; 2Pe 2:1; Jude 1:4; Re 6:10; and in 2Ti 2:21 is translated 'master.'
3. ???????, a word similar to Rabbi, a term of respect among the Jews, signifying 'teacher.' It is applied to the Lord by the blind man in Mr 10:51; and by Mary in Joh 20:16, where it is untranslated.
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Therefore Sarah laughed within herself, saying, After I am waxed old shall I have pleasure, my lord being old also?
Hear us, my lord: thou art a mighty prince among us: in the choice of our sepulchres bury thy dead; none of us shall withhold from thee his sepulchre, but that thou mayest bury thy dead.
{A Prayer of Moses the man of God.} Lord, thou hast been our dwelling place in all generations.
But while he thought on these things, behold, the angel of the Lord appeared unto him in a dream, saying, Joseph, thou son of David, fear not to take unto thee Mary thy wife: for that which is conceived in her is of the Holy Ghost.
Now all this was done, that it might be fulfilled which was spoken of the Lord by the prophet, saying,
Then Joseph being raised from sleep did as the angel of the Lord had bidden him, and took unto him his wife:
And Jesus answered and said unto him, What wilt thou that I should do unto thee? The blind man said unto him, Lord, that I might receive my sight.
Lord, now lettest thou thy servant depart in peace, according to thy word:
Then the steward said within himself, What shall I do? for my lord taketh away from me the stewardship: I cannot dig; to beg I am ashamed.
So he called every one of his lord's debtors unto him, and said unto the first, How much owest thou unto my lord?
And they say unto her, Woman, why weepest thou? She saith unto them, Because they have taken away my Lord, and I know not where they have laid him.
Jesus saith unto her, Mary. She turned herself, and saith unto him, Rabboni; which is to say, Master.
Therefore let all the house of Israel know assuredly, that God hath made that same Jesus, whom ye have crucified, both Lord and Christ.
And when they heard that, they lifted up their voice to God with one accord, and said, Lord, thou art God, which hast made heaven, and earth, and the sea, and all that in them is:
Therefore being justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ: By whom also we have access by faith into this grace wherein we stand, and rejoice in hope of the glory of God.
And not only so, but we also joy in God through our Lord Jesus Christ, by whom we have now received the atonement.
For if by one man's offence death reigned by one; much more they which receive abundance of grace and of the gift of righteousness shall reign in life by one, Jesus Christ.)
That as sin hath reigned unto death, even so might grace reign through righteousness unto eternal life by Jesus Christ our Lord.
But to us there is but one God, the Father, of whom are all things, and we in him; and one Lord Jesus Christ, by whom are all things, and we by him.
And that every tongue should confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father.
Yea doubtless, and I count all things but loss for the excellency of the knowledge of Christ Jesus my Lord: for whom I have suffered the loss of all things, and do count them but dung, that I may win Christ,
If a man therefore purge himself from these, he shall be a vessel unto honour, sanctified, and meet for the master's use, and prepared unto every good work.
For there are certain men crept in unawares, who were before of old ordained to this condemnation, ungodly men, turning the grace of our God into lasciviousness, and denying the only Lord God, and our Lord Jesus Christ.
And they cried with a loud voice, saying, How long, O Lord, holy and true, dost thou not judge and avenge our blood on them that dwell on the earth?
Smith
Lord.
[GOD]
See God